scholarly journals Stakeholders’ Perceptions of Chinese Takeovers: The Case of Germany and Italy (Evidence from the National Press)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katiuscia Vaccarini ◽  
Michael Nippa ◽  
Francesca Spigarelli
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Specific Procedure ◽  
German Government ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
News Magazines ◽  
Negative Perceptions

Objective: Italy and Germany are two large economies of the European Union. However, they differ with regard to culture, business environment structure, as well as social and political concerns. This paper focuses on how Chinese takeovers are perceived by stakeholders as reflected in the national press in Italy and Germany, and compares stakeholders’ perceptions in two major national news magazines. Method: Stakeholders’ perceptions were retrieved by adopting a qualitative approach which unfolds in a detailed and specific procedure. The textual elements referring to perceptions were categorized on the basis of specific questions. To ensure objectivity, the authors carried out independent reading and rating and the assessment of positive, neutral, and negative perceptions. Results: The German government highlights the growing awareness of a one-sided technology drain, while the Italian tends to perceive China as a negative investor. German and Italian shareholders have positive perceptions due to economic benefits. However, employees seem to have no voice. Conclusions: Factors related to national culture and business environments may be due to the fact that employees have no voice in the national press articles. Contributions: This study contributes to interpreting the phenomenon host country stakeholders, especially employees, who are under-represented.

scholarly journals Importance of double taxation to increase export potential of Georgia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Nazi Baratashvili ◽  
Zaza Pharsenadze
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Export Share ◽  
Double Taxation ◽  
Future Economic Development

Introduction. According for future economic development of country and creation strong stable political framework is essential to improve international existing mechanism of avoiding double taxation. Double taxation avoidance system is an essential component of good business environment and is a key factor of stimulating investments. Agreements of Double taxation provide legal framework of releasing from double taxation. In spite of that, such exemption is foreseen by the internal law of different countries, international double taxation agreements provides contingency approach. Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to study the directions of avoiding double taxation, which contributes to the deepening of economic cooperation between countries and attracting investment. The task is to study and show the positive and negative sides of double tax treaties. Results. One of the main factor of countries economic development is to promote export. For that every country is interested in incensement of export share per capital in foreign trade. In the article is analysed trends of development of international double taxation principles and forms. Research shows and confirms that an effective legal mechanism in Georgia is still in the process of formation in this field. Trade liberalization contributes to the creation of such flexible mechanisms, which allow developing countries receive maximal benefits from the process of world economic development. Also, Georgia received economic benefits from agreement of Avoidance of Double Taxation, which was signed all parties. Conclusions. We have to mention that for Georgia is great challenge to increase export share per capital in European Union countries. Georgian has real ability to increase export potential in EU countries. The result of this is deep and comprehensive Free Trade Agreement (DCFTA) with the European Union and agreement of Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal evasion (DTAA) with respect to taxes on income. It promotes to build further new trade economic cooperation between countries by safeguarding the interests of involved countries according the agreement.

scholarly journals Identifying the Entrepreneurial Success Factors and the Performance of Women-Owned Businesses in Pakistan: The Moderating Role of National Culture

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402091952
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shakeel ◽  
Li Yaokuang ◽  
Ali Gohar
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Entrepreneurial Success ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Moderating Role

Women’s entrepreneurship in Pakistan has been booming in recent years, and it has made a significant impact on social and economic expansion. However, it is notable that these businesses are smaller in size and considered less profitable when compared with men’s entrepreneurial efforts. This dilemma encourages the investigation of the success factors that contribute to the performance of women-owned businesses (WOBs) within this understudied region. Factors that may determine the success of WOB in Pakistan are divided into four broad headings: the entrepreneur’s characteristics, internal business environment, external business environments, and supportive factors. This study also explores the direct and moderating role of perceived national culture within the framework. The results demonstrate that the entrepreneur’s characteristics, external business environments, and supportive factors are positively related to the performance of WOB, while the internal business environment is of little significance. Furthermore, while perceived national culture does not influence the performance of WOB, it weakens the relationship between the entrepreneur’s characteristics and performance but strengthens the impact of supportive factors on the performance of the WOB. This study leads to a solid awareness about the critical success factors, the perceived national culture, and their association with the performances of WOB within Pakistan.

Foreign Direct Investment in the Changing Business Environment of the European Union's New Member States

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1850118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janina Witkowska
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Location Factors ◽  
Member States ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
New Member States ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
Fdi Policies ◽  
The Eu

Business environment is one of the location factors taken into account by investors while investing abroad. This paper focuses on the relationship between changes in business environments in the new Member States of the European Union (EU) and foreign direct investors' behavior. The analysis concentrates on Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, with special reference to Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovakia. The EU policies and the national incentive-based FDI policies are two driving forces influencing business environment in the new Member States. All the adjustments to the EU requirements reshape conditions for doing business in the new Member States and lead to the improvement of so called economies' 'fundamentals'. The national FDI policies could be treated as a factor disturbing these long term processes and changing economic choices of the established and potential investors. The statistical data on FDI inward stock and annual FDI flows confirm the positive reaction of foreign investors to the changes taking place throughout Central and Eastern Europe. Some data, however, confirm also that there is intense incentive-based competition and a kind of bidding war between them in order to attract foreign investors.

scholarly journals Drivers of sustainability practices and contributions to sustainable development evident in sustainability reports of European mining companies

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anđela Ivic ◽  
Nína María Saviolidis ◽  
Lara Johannsdottir
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
Social License ◽  
Sustainability Reports ◽  
Sustainability Practices

AbstractMining activities cause negative environmental impacts and social conflicts but also provide economic benefits to communities and secure the minerals necessary for low-carbon technology. The aim of this multiple case study is to analyze, compare and critically evaluate sustainability reports of 10 European mining companies for the 2016–2018 period to determine the drivers for implementation of sustainability practices and their contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The findings suggest that European mining companies act under pressures from international initiatives and industry associations, the European Union, governments, stakeholders, and maintaining social license to operate. The companies report on the core subjects of corporate governance, employees, the environment, stakeholders’ engagement and occupational health and safety. Positive trends were observed in stakeholders’ engagement and health and safety, while air emissions and water and energy usage increased for most companies. Furthermore, there was an absence of improvement in gender diversity, utilization of renewable energy, and waste recycling. Even though all analyzed companies mentioned SDGs in the reports, the reports lacked a comprehensive explanation of mining activities’ contribution to the SDGs. This study addresses a gap in the existing literature on the European mining context of sustainable development and SDGs relevant for researchers, policymakers, and other impacted stakeholders and adds new theoretical knowledge on the external drivers of CSR activities based on institutional theory.

scholarly journals SERVICE CREATION FOR RE-NORMALISING ESSENTIAL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT: A PREVENTION BASED DIGITAL TECH APPROACH

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2631-2640
Author(s):  
Santosh Maurya ◽  
Tezuka Shin ◽  
Kentaro Watanabe ◽  
Hiroshi Nakagoe
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
Digital Services ◽  
Service Creation ◽  
Prevention Through Design ◽  
After Effect

AbstractThis research investigates service creation in/after effect of coronavirus pandemic targeting the essential business environment. It follows prevention through design approach to facilitate business owners to maintain their business environments at low COVID contraction risks, for both customers and staff. The effectiveness of recommended prevention practices (like social distancing and hand-sanitising) is uncertain at public workplaces, simply due to inevitable workers and customers interactions. Such uncertainty, especially in cases of retail stores and hospitals, raises a need for the design of services and support systems for common/necessary public business activities to reduce the burden on people involved. This research investigates the risk-related metrics to realise such digital services, focussing on three types: congestion at the work environment, disinfection of store area/objects, and sanitisation of people and staffs involved. Based on this, a digital technology-based service COVSAFE was created and tested through a proof-of-concept implementation for a supermarket business environment. This implementation and its evaluations highlight the bottlenecks/challenges for realising this system in everyday scenarios.

scholarly journals Competency-Industry Relatedness (C-IR) Framework for Sustained Business Growth in Startups during and beyond Pandemic: Myths and Lessons from Publicly Funded Innovative Startups

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4632
Author(s):  
Varun Gupta ◽  
Luis Rubalcaba
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Learning Curves ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Business Growth ◽  
Product Lines ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Multiple Case Studies ◽  
Industry Relatedness

Context: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to a turbulent business environment, resulting in market uncertainties, frustrations, and rumors. Wrongly held beliefs—or myths—can hinder startups from turning new market opportunities into their favor (for example, by failing at diversification decisions) or undertaking wrong business decisions, e.g., diversifying in industries that have products of no real market value). Objectives: The objective of the paper is to identify the beliefs that drive the business decisions of startups in a pandemic and to isolate those beliefs that are merely myths. Further, this paper proposes strategic guidelines in the form of a framework to help startups make sound decisions that can lead to market success. Method: The two-step research method involved multiple case studies with five startups based in India, France, Italy, and Switzerland, to identify perceptual beliefs that drove strategic business decisions, followed by a case study of 36 COVID-19-solution focused startups, funded by the European Union (EU). The findings were validated through a survey that involved 102 entrepreneurs. The comparative analysis of two multiple case studies helped identify beliefs that were merely “myths”; myths that drove irrational strategic decisions, resulting in business failures. Results: The results indicate that startups make decisions in pandemic situations that are driven by seven myths, pertaining to human, intellectual, and financial resources. The decision on whether to diversify or continue in the same business operation can be divided into four strategic options of the Competency-Industry Relatedness (C-IR) framework: ignore, delay, phase-in, and diversify. Diversification in the same (or different industry) is less risky for startups if they have the skills, as needed, to diversify in related industries. Diversification in related industries helps startups leverage their experiences and learning curves (those associated with existing product lines) to adapt their existing products in new markets, or utilize their technologies to solve new problems via new products. The desired outcome for these startups should be sustainable business growth—to meet sustainability goals by contributing to the society and the economy. Conclusion: The C-IR framework is a strategic guide for startups to make business decisions based on internal factors, rather than myths. Accurately assessing skill diversity and the nature of new industries (or markets) will help startups leverage their existing resources optimally, without the need for (pricey) external funding. This will foster sustained business growth resulting in a nation economic development. Knowledge transfer from the Innovation ecosystem will further strengthen the C-IR framework effectiveness.

Adapting the scrum methodology for establishing the dynamic inter-organizational collaboration

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 852-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Mollahoseini Ardakani ◽  
Seyyed Mohsen Hashemi ◽  
Mohammadreza Razzazi
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Incremental Method ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
Project Life Cycle ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Project Life

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose an applicable method for establishing the dynamic inter-organizational collaborations (DIOCs) based on the scrum methodology. Design/methodology/approach The scrum methodology embedded within the context of the DIOC project life cycle was used and adapted to being usable with specific characteristics of the project. Findings In order to succeed in the highly competitive, dynamic and changing business environments, the organizations need to change their view of business practices. The transition from the traditional status of manufacturing to the inter-organizational collaborations can be one of the fundamental changes in the modern business management. The proposed method has the capability to establish DIOCs effectively and efficiently whilst guaranteeing agility, competitiveness, and risk timely management. Originality/value Establishing collaborative alliances via association of various experienced and professional organizations and producing the value-added market’s need services is an effective and efficient solution for survival of SMEs in the current competitive, dynamic and changing business environment. So far, different frameworks, reference models/architectures, and many theoretical discussions have been presented for DIOCs context, but these representations are conceptual, empirical and generic. This paper aims to propose an applicable iterative and incremental method for establishing the DIOC which guarantees the agility and risk timely management of the establishment process and promotes competitiveness of partners.

scholarly journals Entry Into the Common Market of the European Union in Terms of Czech Republic’s Foreign Trade with Dairy Products

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 605-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Zdráhal ◽  
Věra Bečvářová
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Milk Product ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Eu

The aim of the paper is to evaluate the development of the Czech foreign trade in milk and milk products and specify the typical features and consequences within its territorial and commodity structure using a specific system of indicators intended to show a relevant image on the topic. The analysis covers the period between 1999 and 2015 and are interpreted in the context of changes of the business environment that have occurred in the last two decades, particularly in relation to the Czech Republic’s entry into the European Union. Throughout the studied period, the Czech Republic revealed a positive balance of trade in milk and dairy products, as well as favourable values of TC index (value of coverage of import by export). The dynamics of the territorial structure of export and import is embodied in the overall trade dynamics between the Czech Republic and countries of EU-28. The Czech Republic’s entry into the EU common market, however, led to a change in the trading milk product structure. As a negative is regarded the fact that the structure of Czech export to the EU countries has changed and that is mainly concentrated on basic raw milk or dairy products of the first phase of processing with relatively low added value.

scholarly journals Den Stier das Tanzen lehren?

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (168) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Fisahn
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Debt Crisis ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
The European Union ◽  
German Government ◽  
Capital Movements ◽  
Authoritarian State ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Eu

The crisis of the European Union cannot be solved by austerity programs. Therefore a closer look at the reasons of the crisis seems to be reasonable, which includes a description of the development of the EU from 1951 to present times. The Union started as a tariff union and evolved through different steps to an order of competitive states. The main fields of competition between the states are taxes and social costs, which leads to tax dumping and a race to the bottom in social benefits. Starting in 1990 the EU achieved the status of an open financial market, with the duty of deregulation of capital movements being stipulated in Treaties. In the end the problem is not a debt crisis but a crisis of the structure of the European Union. The solution – which especially the German government prefers – may be the first step on the way to an authoritarian state.

scholarly journals Economic prospects for cooperation the European Union and Ukraine in the use of blockchain technologies

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Traditional Management ◽  
Enterprise Technology ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Eu

The article is devoted to the research of the possibilities of cooperation between the European Union (EU) and Ukraine in the use of blockchain technologies. The transition to the blockchain allows to minimise costs and maximise the results of economic activity. The experience of using blockchain technologies by world corporations is analysed. The subject of the research in the article is the potential of economic cooperation between the EU and Ukraine in the field of implementation and use of blockchain technologies. The purpose of the article is to find out the economic prospects of cooperation between the EU and Ukraine in the use of blockchain technologies. Tasks: researching of tendencies of development of blockchain technologies and possible variants of their implantation in activity of the Ukraine’s enterprises, searching for benefits from cooperation between Ukraine and the EU in the field of use of blockchain technologies. General scientific used research methods: analysis – to determine the peculiarities of the use of blockchain technologies in the EU, synthesis – to find opportunities for cooperation between Ukraine and the EU in the use of blockchain technologies. The obtained results: based on the analysis of the dynamics of changes in the field of enterprise technology, problematic aspects are identified and the main advantages of the transition from the traditional management model to blockchain platforms are identified, and the economic benefits of locating mining farms in Ukraine compared to some EU countries are calculated. Conclusions: using of blockchain technologies by modern enterprises gives them a number of competitive advantages, including saving on labor costs, increased information security, reduced costs for quality control of products/services, etc. Blockchain allows to promote more sustainable cooperation between EU and Ukrainian companies not only in trade, but also in industry, finance and energy. By implementing joint blockchain systems with the EU, Ukraine can provide mining with low costs for electricity and wages.

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