INFLUENCE OF HUMIC PREPARATIONS ON DEGRADED SOILS PROPERTIES OF TECHNOGENIC BARRENS

This research aim was testing the applicability of exogenic organic matter – extracted humic substances – for the remediation of technogenic barrens soils near Cu-Ni smelter (Kola Peninsula). In short-term laboratory experiments we studied the possibility of stabilization of heavy metals labile forms by commercial humic substances (HS) of different origin (peat humate “Flexom” and coal humate “Extra”) in comparison with HS, inoculated by microorganisms – nitrogen fixers and mycorrhizae-forming fungi and mineral fertilizers (NPK и CaCO3). Experiments were provided during 45 days after 14 days of pre-incubation under controlled conditions in climate chamber with light, temperature and humidity imitating the polar day conditions in Kola Subarctic. After experiments we evaluated changes in soil chemical properties, soil microbial community and test-culture (Deschampsia cespitosa). Peat humate application is ineffective without additional manipulations (e.g. combination with CaCO3), cooperation with biological applicants cannot be pointed out. Application of coal humate favours to metals stabilization, soil microorganism’s activation, test-culture growth. It may be effective to combine coal humate with biological applicants like mycorrhizae-forming fungi. So, coal-humates may be perspective growth-stimulator, ameliorant and detoxicant in remediation of degraded soils in conditions of polymetallic contamination.

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Nitrogen transformation in acid soils subjected to pH value changes

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs1001129k ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 129-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mirjana Kresovic ◽

M. Jakovljevic ◽

S. Blagojevic ◽

Branka Zarkovic

Keyword(s):

Ph Value ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Acid Soils ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Short Term ◽

Available Nitrogen ◽

Incubation Experiments ◽

Similar Chemical ◽

Experimental Treatments ◽

Value Changes

The aim of this investigation was to determine which application of fertilizer and lime material does not form toxic quantities of nitrite nitrogen and when the losses by denitrification are the lowest in the examined acid soils. Investigations were performed on pseudogley soils of different acidity. Changes of available nitrogen forms were examined by the method of short-term incubation experiments. Experimental treatments were without the use of mineral fertilizers and with application of (NH4)2SO4 (100 ppm of NO3-N) and KNO3 (100 ppm of NO3-N); with and without addition of Ca(OH)2 (50% of full neutralization and full neutralization). When (NH4)2SO4 was used, nitrites occurred in both examined soils as a result of decelerated nitrification and when KNO3 was added as a result of chemical denitrification. Application of Ca(OH)2 caused the intensification of mineralization, nitrification and biological denitrification processes. When a higher dose of lime material was used (full neutralization), nitrites occurred in larger quantities as a result of the strengthening of nitrification and denitrification processes. Application of a lower lime dose caused nitrite occurrence in smaller quantities. Therefore, in these soils as well as in soils of similar chemical properties, application of lower doses of lime material can be recommended (<50% of full neutralization) as well as the application of ammonium fertilizer, bearing in mind that in such conditions losses of added fertilizer in the denitrification process are reduced and the occurrence of nitrites as an intermediate product of this process is prevented.

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Short-term effects of a winter wildfire on diversity and intensity of soil microbial function in the subalpine grassland of western Sichuan, China

Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1258.2014.00043 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 38 (5) ◽

pp. 468-476

Author(s):

WANG Xie ◽

◽

XIANG Cheng-Hua ◽

LI Xian-Wei ◽

and WEN Dong-Ju

Keyword(s):

Short Term ◽

Western Sichuan ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Microbial Function ◽

Soil Microbial Function ◽

Short Term Effects

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Short-Term Sustainability of Drainage Water Reuse: Spatio-Temporal Impacts on Soil Chemical Properties

Journal of Environmental Quality ◽

10.2134/jeq2007.0140 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 37 (S5) ◽

pp. S-8-S-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Dennis L. Corwin ◽

Scott M. Lesch ◽

James D. Oster ◽

Stephen R. Kaffka

Keyword(s):

Water Reuse ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Drainage Water ◽

Soil Chemical Properties ◽

Short Term ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

Drainage Water Reuse

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Shifts in soil and plant functional diversity along an altitudinal gradient in the French Alps

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-021-05468-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Alexia Stokes ◽

Guillermo Angeles ◽

Fabien Anthelme ◽

Eduardo Aranda-Delgado ◽

Isabelle Barois ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Community ◽

Functional Diversity ◽

Plant Communities ◽

Species Abundance ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Temperate Climate ◽

Biophysical Properties ◽

Tropical Zone ◽

Soil Microbial

Abstract Objectives Altitude integrates changes in environmental conditions that determine shifts in vegetation, including temperature, precipitation, solar radiation and edaphogenetic processes. In turn, vegetation alters soil biophysical properties through litter input, root growth, microbial and macrofaunal interactions. The belowground traits of plant communities modify soil processes in different ways, but it is not known how root traits influence soil biota at the community level. We collected data to investigate how elevation affects belowground community traits and soil microbial and faunal communities. This dataset comprises data from a temperate climate in France and a twin study was performed in a tropical zone in Mexico. Data description The paper describes soil physical and chemical properties, climatic variables, plant community composition and species abundance, plant community traits, soil microbial functional diversity and macrofaunal abundance and diversity. Data are provided for six elevations (1400–2400 m) ranging from montane forest to alpine prairie. We focused on soil biophysical properties beneath three dominant plant species that structure local vegetation. These data are useful for understanding how shifts in vegetation communities affect belowground processes, such as water infiltration, soil aggregation and carbon storage. Data will also help researchers understand how plant communities adjust to a changing climate/environment.

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Effects of Short-Term Rice Straw Return on the Soil Microbial Community

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11060561 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 561

Author(s):

Enze Wang ◽

Xiaolong Lin ◽

Lei Tian ◽

Xinguang Wang ◽

Li Ji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Paddy Soil ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Short Term ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Microbial Network ◽

Straw Return ◽

Bacteria And Fungi ◽

Main Factor

Rice straw is a byproduct of agricultural production and an important agricultural resource. However, rice straw has not yet been effectively used, and incorrect treatment methods (such as burning in the field) can cause serious damage to the environment. Studies have shown that straw returning is beneficial to soil, but there have been few studies focused on the effect of the amount of short-term straw returned on the soil microbial community. This study evaluates 0%, 50%, 75%, and 100% rice straw returned to the field on whether returning different amounts of straw in the short term would affect the diversity and composition of the soil microbial community and the correlation between bacteria and fungi. The results show that the amount of straw returned to the field is the main factor that triggers the changes in the abundance and composition of the microbial community in the paddy soil. A small amount of added straw (≤ 50% straw added) mainly affects the composition of the bacterial community, while a larger amount of added straw (> 50% straw added) mainly affects the composition of the fungal community. Returning a large amount of straw increases the microbial abundance related to carbon and iron cycles in the paddy soil, thus promoting the carbon and iron cycle processes to a certain extent. In addition, network analysis shows that returning a large amount of straw also increases the complexity of the microbial network, which may encourage more microbes to be niche-sharing and comprehensively improve the ecological environment of paddy soil. This study may provide some useful guidance for rice straw returning in northeast China.

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Evaluation of Humic Fertilizers Applied at Full and Reduced Nitrogen Rates on Kentucky Bluegrass Quality and Soil Health

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11020395 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 395

Author(s):

Alex J. Lindsey ◽

Adam W. Thoms ◽

Marshall D. McDaniel ◽

Nick E. Christians

Keyword(s):

Microbial Biomass ◽

Humic Substances ◽

Management Practices ◽

Soil Health ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Kentucky Bluegrass ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Turfgrass Quality ◽

N Rates ◽

Fertilizer Rates

Soil health and sustainable management practices have garnered much interest within the turfgrass industry. Among the many practices that enhance soil health and sustainability are applying soil additives to enhance soil biological activity and reducing nitrogen (N) inputs—complimentary practices. A two-year study was conducted to investigate if reduced N fertilizer rates applied with humic substances could provide comparable turfgrass quality as full N rates, and whether humic fertilizers would increase biological aspects of soil health (i.e., microbial biomass and activity). Treatments included synthetic fertilizer with black gypsum (SFBG), poly-coated humic-coated urea (PCHCU; two rates), urea + humic dispersing granules (HDG; two rates), urea, stabilized nitrogen, HDG, and a nontreated control. Reduced rates of N with humic substances maintained turfgrass quality and cover, and reduced clipping biomass compared to full N rates. There were no differences in soil physical and chemical properties besides soil sulfur (S) concentration. SFBG resulted in the highest soil S concentration. Fertilizer treatments had minimal effect on microbial biomass and other plant-available nutrients. However, PCHCU (full rate) increased potentially mineralizable carbon (PMC) and N (PMN) by 68% and 59%, respectively, compared to the nontreated control. Meanwhile SFBG and stabilized nitrogen also increased PMC and PMN by 77% and 50%, and 65% and 59%, respectively. Overall, applications of reduced N fertilizer rates with the addition of humic substances could be incorporated into a more sustainable and environmentally friendly turfgrass fertilizer program.

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A short-term comparison of organic v. conventional agriculture in a silty loam soil using two organic amendments

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859608008071 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 146 (6) ◽

pp. 677-687 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

J. F. HERENCIA ◽

J. C. RUIZ ◽

S. MELERO ◽

P. A. GARCIA GALAVÍS ◽

C. MAQUEDA

Keyword(s):

Organic Farming ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Organic Amendments ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Nutrient ◽

Short Term ◽

Organic System ◽

Conventional Agriculture ◽

Silty Loam ◽

Loam Soil

SUMMARYThe transition from conventional to organic farming is accompanied by changes in soil chemical properties and processes that could affect soil fertility. The organic system is very complex and the present work carries out a short-term comparison of the effects of organic and conventional agriculture on the chemical properties of a silty loam soil (Xerofluvent) located in the Guadalquivir River Valley, Seville, Spain, through a succession of five crop cycles over a 3-year period. Crop rotation and varieties were compared in a conventional system using inorganic fertilizer and two organic systems using either plant compost or manure. At the end of the study, organic farming management resulted in higher soil organic carbon (OC), N and available P, K, Fe and Zn. The available Mn and especially Cu values did not show significant differences. In general, treatment with manure resulted in more rapid increases in soil nutrient values than did plant compost, which had an effect on several crop cycles later. The present study demonstrated that the use of organic composts results in an increase in OC and the storage of nutrients, which can provide long-term fertility benefits. Nevertheless, at least 2–3 years of organic management are necessary, depending on compost characteristics, to observe significant differences. Average crop yields were 23% lower in organic crops. Nevertheless, only two crops showed statistically significant differences.

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The Influence of Selected Meteorological Factors on Microbial Biomass and Mineralization of Two Organic Fertilizers

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha3915579 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 107

Author(s):

Mignon S. SANDOR ◽

Traian BRAD ◽

Aurel MAXIM ◽

Constantin TOADER

Keyword(s):

Biological Activity ◽

Microbial Biomass ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Soil Microbial Biomass ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Barley Straw ◽

Short Term ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Fertilized Soil ◽

Mineralization Processes

A mesocosm study was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of short-term rainfall and temperature variation on soil microbial biomass and bacteria to fungi ratio. In addition, the relation between the decomposition process of two organic fertilizers, cattle manure and barley straw, and the activity of soil microbial biomass was also studied. In order to assess the effect of biological activity on soil fertility the dynamics of soil pH, N-NO3-, N-NH4+, Corg and Nt during plant growing season was measured. The results suggest that short-term variation of climate had a significant effect on microbial biomass with dry periods distinguished by a reduced microbial biomass compared to wet periods. The ratio bacteria to fungi seems also to be sensitive to variations in rainfall and temperature regime, however further studies are required to draw a definitive conclusion. Regarding the type of fertilizer used, the straw treatments showed higher microbial biomass than the manure treatments, but higher decomposition rate was observed in manure fertilized soil. The effect of soil biological activity on soil pH was limited for both manure and straw treatments while the changes of the soil nitrate amounts are related to the microbial biomass. The study indicates that nitrate immobilization and mineralization processes are influenced by meteorological conditions and microbial biomass dynamics. In contrast, soil organic carbon and total nitrogen did not seem to be affected by variations in temperature, rainfall and microbial activity.

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A Biodegradable Ramie Fiber-Based Nonwoven Film Used for Increasing Oxygen Supply to Cultivated Soil

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app8101813 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 1813 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wanlai Zhou ◽

Yanbin Niu ◽

Chaoyun Wang ◽

Yuanru Yang ◽

Zhijian Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Supply ◽

Close Contact ◽

Bottom Surface ◽

Ramie Fiber ◽

Prepared Film ◽

Short Term ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Plant Cultivation ◽

Cultivated Soil ◽

Ecological Problems

Plastic agricultural nonwoven films are traditionally used as covering materials, and are prone to cause various ecological problems due to their poor biodegradability. In this paper, a ramie fiber/starch nonwoven film was prepared, and was used as bedding material, that was covered by cultivated soil as opposed to covering it. The biodegradability and porosity characteristics of the film were analyzed, and its effect on oxygen supply to soil was investigated. Results showed that the prepared film had good biodegradability (65.6% after 72 days), and had a loose and porous structure, with the main pore size being in the range of 250–300 μm. After the soil moisture content was reduced to about 44%, the oxygen concentration in the soil that was in close contact with the film, which padded the bottom surface of the plate, rose sharply and then kept stable at 20.1%, whereas soil directly in contact with the plate remained extremely anoxic (0.2%). It was concluded that use of the prepared film increased the oxygen supply to the soil in contact with it, which sufficiently compensated for the oxygen consumption caused by soil microbial activities. Thus, the prepared film is very suitable in short-term plant cultivation within containers where anoxia often occurs.

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