scholarly journals BIBLICAL CHRISTIAN WORLDVIEW ON POST-HARVEST PATHOGENIC FUNGI IN THE TRADITIONAL MARKET CORN SEEDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Grace Purnamasari Christian ◽  
Wahyu Irawati
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
And Function

<p>The post-harvest fungi is one of the greatest cause of various diseases. Particularly, in fungus that infects seeds, the toxic substance called aflatoxin is found. This has caused us to wonder: Has fungi been pathogenic fungi since the beginning of creation? The purpose of this research is to study: 1) The Place of Fungi in God’s Original Creation and the Origin of Pathogenic Fungi, 2) Characterization of post-harvest fungus on corn seeds, 3) Aspergillus sp.’s Structure as Proof of God’s Wonderful Original Creation and Providence, and 4) The factors that contribute to the growth of fungi in post-harvest corn seeds and our responsibility. We conclude that in the beginning, fungi were a part of God’s originally good and perfect creation. These fungi were created by God with the structure and function to support its operation in fulfilling God’s creative purpose. The complex structure of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus that infected the corn seeds showed God’s providence after the Fall. Pathogenic fungi were the result of the Fall of man into sin. Their growth is caused by the failure to give proper care to the crops. But this should not discourage us since the Bible tells us that God is continually working to restore His creation. Therefore, we are called to be stewards of His creation, to develop and preserve whatever is entrusted in our hands, including the crops for God’s glory and under His authority until He has fully renewed and restored everything.</p><p><strong>BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT:</strong> Jamur pasca panen merupakan salah satu penyebab terbesar timbulnya berbagai penyakit, khususnya disebabkan oleh jamur yang menginfeksi biji-bijian dan menghasilkan substansi beracun disebut dengan aflatoksin. Keadaan ini menimbulkan pertanyaan apakah jamur patogenik ada sejak awal penciptaan? Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari: 1) Posisi jamur patogenik di awal penciptaan dan asal mula jamur patogenik, 2) karakteristik jamur pasca panen pada biji jagung, 3) struktur <em>Aspergillus</em> sp sebagai bukti dari providensi Allah akan ciptaanNya yang sangat luar biasa, 4) faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap pertumbuhan jamur pasca panen biji jagung dan Tanggung jawab kita. Dari hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa pada mulanya, jamur merupakan bagian ciptaan Allah yang sungguh amat baik dan sempurna. Struktur yang kompleks dari <em>Aspergillus niger</em> dan <em>Aspergillus flavus </em>yang menginfeksi biji jagung menunjukkan providensi Allah setelah kejatuhan dosa. Pertumbuhan jamur patogenik merupakan gambaran kejatuhan manusia ke dalam dosa yaitu kegagalan manusia untuk memberikan pemeliharaan yang memadahi pada biji-bijian pasca panen. Namun demikian, keadaan ini tidak mematahkan semangat kita karena Alkitab mengatakan bahwa Allah masih terus bekerja untuk memulihkan ciptaanNya. Oleh karena itu, diharapkan kita semua menjadi pelayan atas ciptaanNya untuk mengembangkan dan menjaga apa yang dipercayakan kepada kita di bawah otoritasNya termasuk biji-bijian untuk memuliakan Allah hingga Dia secara penuh memperbaharui dan memulihkan segala sesuatu</p>

scholarly journals Seed-borne pathogenic fungi on some soybean varieties

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Loekas Soesanto ◽  
Annisa Rahmaddila Rizky Hartono ◽  
Endang Mugiastuti ◽  
Heri Widarta
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Colletotrichum Dematium ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Germination Experiment

Abstract. Soesanto L, Hartono ARR, Mugiastuti E, Widarta H. 2020. Seed-borne pathogenic fungi on some soybean varieties. Biodiversitas 21: 4010-4015. The present study was conducted to detect and identify seed-borne pathogenic fungi in some soybean varieties and their effect on seed germination. Experiment was performed in a completely random design with eight treatments and four replicates. Eight soybean varieties i.e., Malabar, Kaba, Dering, Detam I, Sinabung, Dena, Gepak Kuning, and Slamet were selected for the investigation. Seed borne fungi were isolated using blotter test and agar plate techniques. The variables observed were morphological/cultural characteristics, microscopic features of fungi, and percentage of seed germination. A total of eight fungi namely Aspergillus flavus Link, Aspergillus niger van Tieghem, Cladosporium oxysporum Berk. & M.A. Curtis, Colletotrichum dematium (Pers. et Fr.) Grove f.sp. truncate (Schw.) Arx, Curvularia pallescens Boedijn, Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc., Melanospora zamiae Corda, and Nigrospora sp. Mason were isolated from different varieties of soybean seeds. The highest seed germination was found to be 80.5% in Daring and Detam I varieties, respectively, and the lowest 53% was recorded in Dena variety.

scholarly journals Fungal Organisms Associated with Post-harvest Rot of Frafra Potatoes [Solenostemon rotundifolius (Poir.)] in Bongo-Soe, Upper East Region, Ghana

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
S. Apuri ◽  
C. Kwoseh ◽  
E. A. Seweh ◽  
I. O. Tutu
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Pathology Laboratory ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
East Region ◽  
Upper East Region ◽  
Percentage Incidence

Aims: The study aims to identifying the microorganisms associated with post-harvest rot of frafra potatoes in Bongo-soe, Upper east region of Ghana. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Horticulture and the Pathology laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana. The Solenostemon rotundifolius tubers were stored at the Horticulture Department laboratory whiles rot identification was carried out at the Pathology laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture. The Tubers were stored from 2nd November, 2012 to 22nd March 2013. Methodology: Four hundred (400) tubers of black cultivar and four hundred (400) tubers of a brown cultivar of Solenostemon rotundifolius tubers showing visible signs of rot during the storage were collected. Pieces of diseased tissues from the margin of the necrotic collected and immersed in 10% commercial bleach solution for sterilisation, for one minute. These were then blotted dry and plated on Potato Dextrose Agar PDA. The plates were sealed with a cellotape until growth occurred. Results: The microorganisms identified to be responsible for causing rot in Solenostemon rotundifolius tubers were six in number. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was identified to be responsible for 30.76% of rots observed, followed by Aspergillus niger, 23.07%, Curvularia lunata, 19.23%, Aspergillus flavus, 11.54%, Trichoderma sp and Penicillium sp both recorded 7.70% of rots observed. The percentage incidence of Aspergillus niger (15.38%), Curvularia lunata (11.54%) and Aspergillus flavus (7.69%) was higher in the black cultivar as compared with the brown cultivar which had percentage incidence of 7.69%, 7.69% and 3.85% respectively. Also, the percentage incidence of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (15.38%) and Penicillium sp (3.85%) was the same in both the black and brown cultivars of Solenostemon rotundifolius tubers used in this study. Conclusion: The activities of the damaging microorganisms can be reduced by controlling mechanical injury during harvesting, transportation and storage of Solenostemon rotundifolius tubers should be prevented or reduced because they pave the way for tuber infection by the rot causing microorganisms.

scholarly journals A Study of Pathogenic Fungi Causing Post Harvest Losses of Pineapple Sold at Wudil and Yan Lemo Markets of Kano State

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
S. M. Yahaya ◽  
A. B. Kamalu ◽  
M. U. Ali ◽  
M. Lawan ◽  
Y. S. Ajingi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Two Samples

This research was conducted to determine the fungal pathogens responsible for post harvest losses of pineapple sold at Wudil and Yen lemo markets.  Two samples of pineapples were purchased twice a week from both Wudil and Yanlemo markets for four months. The samples were investigated for the presence of fungal pathogen using standard microbiological methods. The methods involve mounting small portion of pineapple in the plate containing Potato dextrose agar to isolate the fungi. Three fungal pathogens belonging to Aspergillus species were isolated, and Aspergillus niger had the highest frequency of occurrence of (50%). Followed by A. flavus with (27%). The A. fumigatus had the lowest frequency of occurrence of (23%). The differences between the fungal isolates recorded were significantly different (P<0.05) between the two markets, where higher fungal isolates were recorded at Yanlemo market 159 (40.6%) and Wudil 38 (9.71%). The study showed that the post harvest losses of pine apple in the two markets are attributed to fungal infection. Therefore, safe guarding the two markets from debris and dumps of rotten fruits and vegetable may assist in reducing fungal inoculums in the two markets.

scholarly journals Sanidade e qualidade fisiológica de sementes de Chorisia glaziovii O. Kuntze tratadas com extratos vegetais

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 649
Author(s):  
Andrezza Klyvia Oliveira Araújo ◽  
Maria Lúcia Maurício Silva ◽  
Rommel Do Santos Siqueira Gomes ◽  
Angeline Maria da Silva Santos ◽  
Luciana Cordeiro do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

O objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar a eficiência dos extratos de alho e erva-cidreira sobre patógenos e na qualidade fisiológica de sementes de Chorisia glaziovii. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de extratos de alho e erva-cidreira à 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100%, e fungicida Captan®. Para sanidade das sementes adotou-se o método blotter test e a qualidade fisiológica foi determinada pela germinação e vigor. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizados em esquema fatorial (2x5) +1 (extratos vegetais x concentrações + fungicida), com quatro repetições. Observou-se a ocorrência de Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus sp., Botrytis sp., Cladosporium sp., Curvularia lunata, Nigrospora sp., Pestalotia sp., Periconia sp. e Rhizopus stolonifer, nas sementes. O extrato de erva-cidreira à 100% foi eficiente na inibição dos patógenos. O aumento na concentração do extrato de alho foi prejudicial à primeira contagem de germinação, e o extrato de erva-cidreira proporcionou aumento de sementes germinadas.

scholarly journals Isolation and identification of some pathogenic species of Fungi from Shatt-al-Arab River

2021 ◽  
Vol 2063 (1) ◽  
pp. 012021
Author(s):  
Shrouk Abdulrazak Hassan Al-Ibraheem ◽  
Angham O S Al-Zeadei
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Cotton Blue ◽  
Blue Stain ◽  
The Media ◽  
Aspergillus Candidus

Abstract This study aimed to isolation and identification of pathogenic fungi from Shatt – al-Arab River in Basra city, Fourteen water samples were collected from different area from Shatt-al-Arab River (AL Ashar, AL Tnoma, AL Makal, AL Qurna, AL Karma, AL Jabiluh, AL-Hartha), from October to December in 2017, with 250 ml volume, this samples centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 10 min at room temperature, the floating was removed and then take the precipitate and pour directly into the center of the media of SDA and PDA and then incubation in a temperature range25-27c for 4 days after that the growth on the media made pure culture and each fungi species diagnosed based on the cultural and microbiological phenotypes, smear prepared with lacto phenol cotton blue stain and the results show 57.1% of growth was Aspergillus niger, 85.7% Aspergillus flavus and 42.8% was Aspergillus candidus and 14.2% was Rhizopus, while the results show 42.8% of growth was Penicillium..

scholarly journals Fungi Causing Post-Harvest Spoilage Carica papaya Linn Fruits of Two Selected Markets in Kano State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 727-731
Author(s):  
B.M. Jahun ◽  
K.J. Ilu ◽  
S.M. Yahaya ◽  
B. Ahmed ◽  
K.D. Salami
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Fungal Isolate ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Fungal Attack ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Market Areas

This study was carried out for four month (September, 2015 to December, 2015) to find the fungal species associated with post-harvest spoilage of pawpaw fruits sales at Na’ibawa and Wudil Markets all in Kano State. A total of five strains of fungi were isolated and identified as Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavuus, Rhizophus stolonifer, Yeast, and Fusarium. Pathogenicity test of each fungal isolate showed that all fungi were capable of causing rotting of the fruit and most severe rotting was caused by Aspergillus niger and Yeast with 8(29.63%) Respectively at Na’ibawa market and 10(34.48%) and 9(31.03%) at Wudil market followed by Rhizophus with 7(25.93%) and 5 (17.25%) while Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium produced the least rotting of the fruit. The difference in the fungal spoilage of Carica papaya between the two market areas Na’ibawa and Wudil markets was statistically significant (p≥0.05). From the result of this study, it is clearly indicated that the spoilage of pawpaw fruits in the two markets was due to fungal attack.

scholarly journals The Effect of Nigella sative Extract on the Fungi that Isolated from Desktop's of the Tables

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
Duaa Hassan Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Medical Laboratories ◽  
Hot Water Extract ◽  
Alternaria Sp ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

       The study  included the isolation and diagnosis of the fungi from the Desktop's of the tables  (instructers ,medical laboratories). The study appeared many of the different kinds of fungi:(Absidia sp,Candidia sp, Aspergillus  sp,Penicillum  sp and Alternaria sp) The  rate of appearance of the type of the fungi  in Desktop's of the tables instructers   is the higher than the Desktop's of the tables of the medical laboratories . The rate of appearance of the fungi   Candidia is recoded 36.8% and Penicillum sp,Aspergillus niger  is recoded 21.05% and Aspergillus flavus recoded 5.2 %, Abisidia sp recoded  15.7%.  While  in the Desktop's of the tables medical laboratories  the fungi Aspergillus  terrus is recorded 15.7% and the fungi  Absidia ,Candidia, Apergillus niger is recoded 20% , Penicillum sp ,Alternaria sp is recoded  10%.  The study  showed  the influence  of the hot   water  extract  of   the Nigella sative the concentration which is used(10,20,30, 40) mg /ml on some of fungi.  The rate of reduction is appeared 100% of the  fungi Penicillum sp in the concentration (30,40) mg/ml and  the  range of the diameter colony of the yeast Candidia  albicanis in the concentration 30 mg/ml the (1)cm.  While the fungi Aspergillus  niger in the concentration (10,20)mg/ml is given resistance toward the extract 2.

scholarly journals ONYCHOMYCOSIS NON-DERMATOFITA PADA PETERNAK BABI DI BANJAR PAANG KAJA DAN BANJAR SEMAGA DESA PENATIH KECAMATAN DENPASAR TIMUR

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Wayan Desi Bintari ◽  
Anggraeni Suarsana ◽  
Putu Rina Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Tinea Unguium ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
Positive Direct

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Onychomycosis adalah kelainan kuku yang disebabkan oleh jamur dermatofita dan non-dermatofita. Infeksi banyak diidap oleh penduduk yang beraktivitas dengan air seperti peternak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui identifikasi jamur kuku pada peternak babi di Banjar Paang Kaja dan Banjar Semaga Desa Penatih Kecamatan Denpasar Timur. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel penelitian dilakukan di Banjar Paang Kaja dan Banjar Semaga Desa Penatih Kecamatan Denpasar Timur dan tempat pemeriksaan dilakukan di Laboratorium Analis Kesehatan STIKes Wira Medika Bali. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh peternak babi di Banjar Paang Kaja dan Banjar Semaga Desa Penatih Kecamatan Denpasar Timur dengan jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 20 probandus. Metode pemeriksaan yang dilakukan melalui metode pengamatan langsung dan metode kultur jamur. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa dari 20 sampel sebanyak 8 sampel (40%) positif Tinea unguium (jamur kuku). Dari 20 sampel pada pengamatan metode langsung mendapatkan hasil positif sebanyak 2 sampel (10%) dengan kode S1 dan S3. Sedangkan pada pengamatan metode kultur jamur hasil positif pada peternak babi di Banjar Paang Kaja dan Banjar Semaga Desa Penatih Kecamatan Denpasar Timur sebanyak 8 sampel (40%) dengan kode S1, S3, S4, S8, S10, S12, S13, dan S15 terinfeksi oleh jamur Aspergillus flavus (75%), Aspergillus sp.1 (12,5%), Aspergillus niger (12,5%) dan Rhizopus sp1 (12,5%).<br />Kata kunci: Onychomycosis, Aspergillus sp., Rhizopus sp.<br />ABSTRACT<br />Tinea unguium is nail disorder caused by dermatofita and non-dermatofita fungus. Tinea unguium is a common infection in breeder. The purpose of this research is to find out the occurance of Tinea unguium (fungus nail) infection in Pig Breeder at Banjar Paang Kaja and Banjar Semaga, Penatih Village, East Denpasar Distric. Type of this research is descriptive research. Sampling of this research is taken in Banjar Paang Kaja and Banjar Semaga, Penatih Village, East Denpasar Distric. Sample analyses took place in Microbiology Laboratory, Medical Laboratory Technologist of STIKes Wira Medika Bali. Population of this research is pig breeder in Banjar Paang Kaja and Banjar Semaga. Reasearch sample were 20 pig breeder who obtained by total sampling method. Tinea unguium identification of this study observed by direct observation (microscopy) and cultur method. The result of this study showed that 8 sampels (40%) is Tinea unguium positive. Direct observation method showed that 2 sampling (10%) is Tinea unguium positive (S1 and S3), while in culture method observation showed that 8 sample (40%) is Tinea unguium positive (S1, S3, S4, S8, S10, S12, S13 and S15). Identification of fungus showed that Tinea unguium in pig breeder caused by Aspergillus flavus (75%), Aspergillus sp.1 (12,5%), Aspergillus niger (12,5%) and Rhizopus sp1 (12,5%).<br />Keywords: Onychomycosis, Aspergillus sp., Rhizopus sp.</p>

scholarly journals Pathogenic potentiality of fungi associated with the seeds of different cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
Amina Khatun ◽  
Shamim Shamsi ◽  
MA Bashar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Fusarium Nivale

A total of 24 species of fungi, namely Aspergillus flavus Link, A. fumigatus Fresenius, A. niger (Type 1 and Type 2) Van Tiegh, A. ochraceus K. Wilhelm, A. nidulans Eidam, Aspergillus sp.1, Aspergillus sp.2, Aspergillus sp.3, Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boedijn, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz & Sacc, C. gossypii Southw., Chaetomium globosum Kunze., Fusarium nivale (Fr.) Sorauer, F. moniliforme J. Shelden, F. oxysporum Schlechtendal, F. fujikuroi Nirenberg, Mucor sp. P. Micheli ex L., Penicillium sp.1 and sp.2 Link, Rhizoctonia solani Khun., Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.) Vuill., Rhizomucor sp. Lucet & Costantin, Syncephalastrum racemosum Cohn and Trichoderma viride Pers. were found to be associated with the seeds of 14 varieties (CB 1- CB 14) of cotton. Out of these 24 fungal species, nine were found to be pathogenic to cotton. They were Aspergillus flavus, A. niger (Type 1), Aspergillus sp. 1, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium nivale, F. moniliforme, Mucor sp. and Rhizoctonia solani. These pathogenic fungi had remarkable effect on seed germination, vigor index, root-shoot length and mortality of cotton seedlings. The germination percentage of control seeds was 88 but because of the presence of pathogenic fungi the rate showed considerable reduction in all the varieties and it varied from 20 to 82%. Among the nine fungal isolates Rhizoctonia solani showed maximum reduction in seed germination. Aspergillus flavus, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Fusarium moniliforme also caused near about 50% reduction in seed germination. Mortality percentage of control seedling were also less (6) whereas, in inoculated seeds it was higher and varied from 7 - 23%. Root- shoot ratio of control seedlings was high but less in inoculated seedlings. The vigor index of control plant was high (1548.8) but less in inoculated plants. The lowest vigor index was noticed for Rhizoctonia solani (202.0) and highest for Aspergillus sp. 1(1213.6). Results indicated that Curvularia lunata and Rhizoctonia solani showed a greater impact in reduction of cotton seed germination and vigor index. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 29(1): 107-115, 2020 (January)

scholarly journals Ocorrência fúngica em acervos bibliográficos do município de Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Germana Costa Paixão ◽  
Roberta Silva Rizzo ◽  
Ari Clecius Alves De Lima ◽  
Lydia Dayanne Maia Pantoja
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

Na atualidade a conservação dos documentos bibliográficos ainda apresenta problemas complexos e diversificados, apesar da maior consciência do tema nos últimos anos. Nesse contexto, a presente pesquisa objetiva conhecer o espectro fúngico de acervos de bibliotecas públicas de referência no município de Fortaleza-CE. Bimestralmente, durante 24 meses, 05 amostras/biblioteca provenientes de livros e/ou documentos históricos escolhidos aleatoriamente foram analisadas, perfazendo no total 180 amostras. As amostras foram colhidas através de swabs estéreis, friccionados por 30 segundos e em seguida transportados em solução salina estéril. Ao chegarem ao laboratório, as amostras foram semeadas em meio de cultura Ágar Batata Dextrose (Himedia®), incubadas por 7 dias (26 – 28 °C) com posterior contagem global e identificação das colônias fúngicas baseada nas análises macro e micromorfológicas. Do total de obras analisadas 86% mostraram positividade para fungos. Nas bibliotecas A, B e C foram contabilizadas 3.612, 4.235 e 2.978 colônias fúngicas, respectivamente e identificados 55 diferentes achados fúngicos (29 gêneros e 26 espécies fúngicas), com destaque para os hialohifomicetos Aspergillus e Penicillium. Os dados revelaram alguns agrupamentos com forte correlação, isto é, quando um dos achados fúngicos ocorre, os demais achados do agrupamento também podem estar presentes nos livros analisados, a saber: Bibliotecas A e B (Aspergillus sp., Aspergillus flavus, Apergillus niger e Penicillium sp.) e Biblioteca C (Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma sp. e Penicillium sp.). A pesquisa permitiu oferecer aos gestores das bibliotecas, elementos para aprofundar seus conhecimentos na área de preservação e conservação de obras literárias de inestimável valor.

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