Isolation and identification of some pathogenic species of Fungi from Shatt-al-Arab River

Abstract This study aimed to isolation and identification of pathogenic fungi from Shatt – al-Arab River in Basra city, Fourteen water samples were collected from different area from Shatt-al-Arab River (AL Ashar, AL Tnoma, AL Makal, AL Qurna, AL Karma, AL Jabiluh, AL-Hartha), from October to December in 2017, with 250 ml volume, this samples centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 10 min at room temperature, the floating was removed and then take the precipitate and pour directly into the center of the media of SDA and PDA and then incubation in a temperature range25-27c for 4 days after that the growth on the media made pure culture and each fungi species diagnosed based on the cultural and microbiological phenotypes, smear prepared with lacto phenol cotton blue stain and the results show 57.1% of growth was Aspergillus niger, 85.7% Aspergillus flavus and 42.8% was Aspergillus candidus and 14.2% was Rhizopus, while the results show 42.8% of growth was Penicillium..

Download Full-text

BIBLICAL CHRISTIAN WORLDVIEW ON POST-HARVEST PATHOGENIC FUNGI IN THE TRADITIONAL MARKET CORN SEEDS

JOHME Journal of Holistic Mathematics Education ◽

10.19166/johme.v5i1.2928 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 86

Author(s):

Grace Purnamasari Christian ◽

Wahyu Irawati

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Aspergillus Flavus ◽

Complex Structure ◽

Toxic Substance ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Post Harvest ◽

The Bible ◽

Aspergillus Sp ◽

In The Beginning ◽

And Function

The post-harvest fungi is one of the greatest cause of various diseases. Particularly, in fungus that infects seeds, the toxic substance called aflatoxin is found. This has caused us to wonder: Has fungi been pathogenic fungi since the beginning of creation? The purpose of this research is to study: 1) The Place of Fungi in God’s Original Creation and the Origin of Pathogenic Fungi, 2) Characterization of post-harvest fungus on corn seeds, 3) Aspergillus sp.’s Structure as Proof of God’s Wonderful Original Creation and Providence, and 4) The factors that contribute to the growth of fungi in post-harvest corn seeds and our responsibility. We conclude that in the beginning, fungi were a part of God’s originally good and perfect creation. These fungi were created by God with the structure and function to support its operation in fulfilling God’s creative purpose. The complex structure of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus that infected the corn seeds showed God’s providence after the Fall. Pathogenic fungi were the result of the Fall of man into sin. Their growth is caused by the failure to give proper care to the crops. But this should not discourage us since the Bible tells us that God is continually working to restore His creation. Therefore, we are called to be stewards of His creation, to develop and preserve whatever is entrusted in our hands, including the crops for God’s glory and under His authority until He has fully renewed and restored everything.BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Jamur pasca panen merupakan salah satu penyebab terbesar timbulnya berbagai penyakit, khususnya disebabkan oleh jamur yang menginfeksi biji-bijian dan menghasilkan substansi beracun disebut dengan aflatoksin. Keadaan ini menimbulkan pertanyaan apakah jamur patogenik ada sejak awal penciptaan? Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari: 1) Posisi jamur patogenik di awal penciptaan dan asal mula jamur patogenik, 2) karakteristik jamur pasca panen pada biji jagung, 3) struktur Aspergillus sp sebagai bukti dari providensi Allah akan ciptaanNya yang sangat luar biasa, 4) faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap pertumbuhan jamur pasca panen biji jagung dan Tanggung jawab kita. Dari hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa pada mulanya, jamur merupakan bagian ciptaan Allah yang sungguh amat baik dan sempurna. Struktur yang kompleks dari Aspergillus niger dan Aspergillus flavus yang menginfeksi biji jagung menunjukkan providensi Allah setelah kejatuhan dosa. Pertumbuhan jamur patogenik merupakan gambaran kejatuhan manusia ke dalam dosa yaitu kegagalan manusia untuk memberikan pemeliharaan yang memadahi pada biji-bijian pasca panen. Namun demikian, keadaan ini tidak mematahkan semangat kita karena Alkitab mengatakan bahwa Allah masih terus bekerja untuk memulihkan ciptaanNya. Oleh karena itu, diharapkan kita semua menjadi pelayan atas ciptaanNya untuk mengembangkan dan menjaga apa yang dipercayakan kepada kita di bawah otoritasNya termasuk biji-bijian untuk memuliakan Allah hingga Dia secara penuh memperbaharui dan memulihkan segala sesuatu

Download Full-text

Seed-borne pathogenic fungi on some soybean varieties

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d210911 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Loekas Soesanto ◽

Annisa Rahmaddila Rizky Hartono ◽

Endang Mugiastuti ◽

Heri Widarta

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Aspergillus Flavus ◽

Fusarium Solani ◽

Agar Plate ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Colletotrichum Dematium ◽

Microscopic Features ◽

Germination Experiment

Abstract. Soesanto L, Hartono ARR, Mugiastuti E, Widarta H. 2020. Seed-borne pathogenic fungi on some soybean varieties. Biodiversitas 21: 4010-4015. The present study was conducted to detect and identify seed-borne pathogenic fungi in some soybean varieties and their effect on seed germination. Experiment was performed in a completely random design with eight treatments and four replicates. Eight soybean varieties i.e., Malabar, Kaba, Dering, Detam I, Sinabung, Dena, Gepak Kuning, and Slamet were selected for the investigation. Seed borne fungi were isolated using blotter test and agar plate techniques. The variables observed were morphological/cultural characteristics, microscopic features of fungi, and percentage of seed germination. A total of eight fungi namely Aspergillus flavus Link, Aspergillus niger van Tieghem, Cladosporium oxysporum Berk. & M.A. Curtis, Colletotrichum dematium (Pers. et Fr.) Grove f.sp. truncate (Schw.) Arx, Curvularia pallescens Boedijn, Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc., Melanospora zamiae Corda, and Nigrospora sp. Mason were isolated from different varieties of soybean seeds. The highest seed germination was found to be 80.5% in Daring and Detam I varieties, respectively, and the lowest 53% was recorded in Dena variety.

Download Full-text

Sanity and Germination of Treated with Clove Extract Jurema-Preta and Faveleira Seeds

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ◽

10.9734/jeai/2021/v43i930734 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 33-42

Author(s):

Gilvanete Silva Henrique ◽

Gilvan José Campelo Dos Santos ◽

Jaltiery Bezerra De Souza ◽

Mellina Nicácio Luz ◽

Maria Alaine Cunha Lima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Aspergillus Flavus ◽

Common Species ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Dormancy Breaking ◽

Forage Production ◽

Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽

Clove Extract ◽

Rhizopus Sp ◽

Aspergillus Candidus

The Mimosa tenuiflora (jurema-preta) and Cnidoscolus quercifolius (faveleira) are quite common species in the Caatinga biome, being used from forage production to energy generation and in the recovery of degraded areas for reforestation purposes, among other uses. Considering the need and importance of studies related to forest seeds health, especially native seeds and taking into account the scarcity of studies in the literature regarding the association of pathogens to the seeds of the species studied, this work aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the hydroalcoholic extract of clove on germination and incidence of fungi associated with seeds of jurema-preta and faveleira. The experiment was conducted in the Laboratory of Forest Pathology, Center of Health and Rural Technology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, Brasil. For the germination test we performed the dormancy breaking of seeds that were then treated with clove plant extract, and as substrate, washed and sterilized sand was used. Germination percentage and Twinning speed index (SVI) were evaluated. The sanity test was performed using the filter paper method "Blotter Test" for the development of microorganisms. The treatments consisted of: 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of clove extract, with 4 repetitions of 25 seeds. The design used was entirely randomized and the means were compared using Tukey's test at 5% probability. The clove extract, in higher concentrations, provided an increase in germination and SVI of the species. It was identified in the seeds of jurema-preta, the fungi Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus glaucous, Rhizopus sp, the genus Phoma sp. In the seeds of C. quercifolius the microflorea was composed by fungi Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus glaucous, Rhizopus sp, Aspergillus alutaceous and Aspergillus candidus.

Download Full-text

Isolation and Identification of Soil Mycoflora in the Upland and Lowland Soils of Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto State

South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology ◽

10.9734/sajrm/2018/v1i2747 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

I. Y. Tafinta ◽

K. Sheh ◽

H. M. Maishanu ◽

S. S. Noma ◽

S. A. Yusif ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Trichoderma Harzianum ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Potato Dextrose Agar ◽

Morphological Features ◽

Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Dilution Plate ◽

Cotton Blue

A total of 14 different fungal species belonging to 7 genera were isolated from the upland and lowland soils of Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, between October to December, 2015. The mycoflora were isolated using dilution plate technique on Potato dextrose agar amended by 1% streptomycin. Identification was made microscopically using the lacto-phenol cotton blue method and macroscopically by comparing the cultural and morphological features with the help of authentic fungal manual and taxonomic key. The identified species are; Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. nidulans, A. oryzae, Alternaria longifes, Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, F. mangifera, Rhizopus stolonifer, R. orizae, Saccharomyces cerevisae, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichophytum quallinum. The highest number of fungi (50 isolates) were obtained from lowland uncultivated soils (D), followed by the upland uncultivated soils (B) with about 34 strains, and the least (22 isolates) were obtained from upland cultivated soils (A) out of the total 132 isolates. Variations between sites were statistically analyzed.

Download Full-text

Fungi causing rots in onions at storage and market

Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University ◽

10.3329/jbau.v6i2.4818 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 245-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

MAM Ara ◽

ML Khatun ◽

M Ashrafuzzaman

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Aspergillus Flavus ◽

Fusarium Moniliforme ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Storage Period ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Disease Development ◽

Duration Of Storage ◽

Penicillium Spp

Five varieties of diseased onion samples, four local (Taherpuri, Faridpuri, Kalashnagari, and Zitka) and one Indian (Pusa Red) were collected from different markets of Mymensingh, to isolate and identify the associated fungi. Five different fungal species belonging to three genera were repeatedly isolated. Healthy looking and diseased onions were kept at room temperature. The population of associated fungi increased proportionately with the duration of storage period. The isolated fungi were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium spp., Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium moniliforme. Healthy onion bulbs were inoculated (with injury and without injury) with these fungi. Individual fungi produced distinguishable symptom of disease in incubation chamber at 22-23°C temperature. After 30 days of inoculation, bulbs showed comparatively low amount of disease development than those at 60 and 90 days. Maximum disease development was found in the variety Pusa Red (with injury) and it was minimum in Zitka variety (without injury). Keywords: Fungi; Onion; Disease development DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v6i2.4818 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 6(2): 245-251, 2008

Download Full-text

Isolation and Identification of Some Pathogenic Fungi from Selected Infected Vegetable Plants in Kushtia Local Area, Bangladesh

10.31219/osf.io/57ymt ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Al Amin Milon ◽

Rezuanul Islam

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Phytophthora Infestans ◽

Morphological Study ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Yield Loss ◽

Market Value ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Local Area ◽

Potato Dextrose Agar ◽

Isolation And Identification

The aim of this study is to isolate the pathogenic fungi from selected infected vegetable plants in the local area of kushtia, Bangladesh. Some of the most devastating and harmful pathogenic fungi are Phytophthora infestans and Aspergillus nigerwhich we were isolated from edible vegetables potato and onion respectively by using Potato dextrose agar (PDA) using morphological and fungal characteristics. After the morphological study, we observe that Phytophthora infestans have Sporangia shape spores with the white color colony and aspergillus niger has produced black colonies with wooly smooth-walled colonies of conidia. Those fungi create tremendous yield loss subsequently decrease the market value and nutritional value of vegetables. These observed characteristics have similarities with the previous research of another scientist. But further study is needed to confirm our identified isolates. Because of the Covid-19 pandemic, we are unable to study more in the laboratory.

Download Full-text

Characterisation of Fungal Bioflocculants and Its Application in Water Treatment

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2019/v34i630159 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

O. M. David ◽

O. A. Oluwole ◽

O. E. Ayodele ◽

T. Lasisi

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Aspergillus Flavus ◽

Bacterial Load ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Flocculating Activity ◽

The Media ◽

Wastewater Samples ◽

Optimum Production

Bioflocculants of microbial origin have the advantage of being safe, biodegradable and harmless to the environment. Production of bioflocculant by two fungi isolates and the factors affecting its production were investigated in this study. Primary screening of fungi for the production of bioflocculants, efficiencies and conditions for the optimum production of the bioflocculants were determined using standard microbiological and chemical methods. Aspergillus flavus MCB 271 and Aspergillus niger MCBF 08 were the best bioflocculant producers among the fourteen fungal isolates screened. Aspergillus flavus optimally produced bioflocculant with glucose and peptone as sole carbon and nitrogen sources respectively. Calcium ions (Ca2+) at 78.4% served as best cation sources for bioflocculant production with optimal pH of 7 and temperature of 40°C. Aspergillus niger MCBF 08 produced bioflocculant optimally when the media had peptone as a nitrogen source and maltose as a sole carbon source. The two species achieved the maximum flocculating activity of 97% (A. flavus MCBF 271) and 86% (A. niger MCBF 08) at pH values of 7 on the 3rd day of the study and caused a reduction in bacterial load of the wastewater samples by 58.73% and 60.85% respectively. These bioflocculants are thus potential replacement for synthetic flocculants conventionally used for wastewater treatment.

Download Full-text

The use of cotton blue stain to improve the efficiency of picking and identifying chironomid head capsules

Journal of Paleolimnology ◽

10.1007/s10933-010-9476-7 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 121-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Isabelle Larocque-Tobler ◽

Florencia Oberli

Keyword(s):

Cotton Blue ◽

Blue Stain

Download Full-text

Mycoflora in Commercial Pet Foods

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-64.5.741 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 64 (5) ◽

pp. 741-743 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

DANTE J. BUENO ◽

JULIO O. SILVA ◽

GUILLERMO OLIVER

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Aspergillus Flavus ◽

Aspergillus Terreus ◽

Animal Health ◽

Mold Growth ◽

Mucor Racemosus ◽

Isolation Frequency ◽

Mycelia Sterilia ◽

Made In

This article reports on the identification of mycoflora of 21 dry pet foods (12 belonging to dogs and 9 to cats) that corresponded to 8 commercial brands made in Argentina and imported. The isolation frequency and relative density of the prevalent fungal genera are compared too. Ten genera and fungi classified as Mycelia sterilia were identified. The predominant genera were Aspergillus (62%), Rhizopus (48%), and Mucor (38%). The most prevalent among Aspergillus was Aspergillus flavus followed by Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus terreus. The predominant Mucor was Mucor racemosus followed by Mucor plumbeus and Mucor globosus. The moisture content of these foods ranged from 5.6 to 10.0% and from 7.2 to 9.9% for dog and cat foods, respectively. A greater moisture content in food for the senior category (9.5 ± 0.2) was observed only in comparison to adult and kitten/puppy. If the moisture content can be maintained at these levels, mold growth would be prevented or at least it would remain at an insignificant level. Some genera and species isolated and identified from the foods analyzed are potentially producing toxins, which are known as mycotoxins. This involves a risk for animal health.

Download Full-text

Mixed dermatophytic infections: a learning perspective and report of ten cases

International Journal of Advances in Medicine ◽

10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20190126 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 174

Author(s):

Pooja Singla ◽

Priyadarshini Sahu ◽

Pratibha Mane ◽

Prakriti Vohra

Keyword(s):

Tinea Capitis ◽

Fungal Infections ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Body Site ◽

Rare Entity ◽

Sample Collection ◽

Tinea Cruris ◽

Wet Mount ◽

Hair Samples ◽

Cotton Blue

Background: Isolation of two or more than two pathogenic fungi from the same body site in a patient is considered as a rare entity and very few cases have been reported in literature. These types of infections are called as mixed/ combined fungal infections. Author are enumerating ten cases of superficial mycoses in which two different dermatophytes were grown from the same focus.Methods: From clinically suspected cases of dermatophytosis, skin and hair samples were collected from the affected sites and examined by standard mycological procedures. Microscopy was done by using 10% KOH wet mount. Culture was put on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar with cyclohexamide medium. Growth was identified by lactophenol cotton blue mount.Results: Mixed dermatophytes were obtained from tinea corporis (five cases), tinea capitis (four cases) and tinea cruris (one case) patients. Fungal combinations from given cases involved two different species of genus Trichophyton which were as follows: T. violaceum+T. tonsurans, T. verrucosum+T. tonsurans, T. violaceum (violet) and T. violaceum (white), T. mentagrophytes+T. Violaceum, T. rubrum+T. tonsurans, T. violaceum+T. rubrum, T. rubrum+T. mentagrophytes, T. verrucosum+T. mentagrophytes, T. mentagrophytes+T. tonsurans, Malassezia+T. mentagrophytes.Conclusions: Inspite of the frequent occurrence of dermatophytic infections worldwide, reports on mixed dermatophytes are very few. With proper sample collection and proper identification procedures, more cases can be identified and added to the existing literature.

Download Full-text