scholarly journals Challenges for Developing National Innovation Systems: the Possibilities and Limitations of Business and Science Cooperation

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-89
Author(s):  
Svetlana A. Samovoleva
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Academic Capitalism ◽  
Research Organization ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
Science Collaboration

Many governments try to promote organizing the partnership and cooperation of national innovation system actors because these processes have a significant positive impact on this system. The collaboration between science and business is becoming central for innovation-driven industries. The study aim is to identify the effects of the partnership and cooperation of firms with universities and research organization. The paper describes both positive and negative effects such as “mercantilization of knowledge” and academic capitalism. Also, the role of the universities and research organization as knowledge sources to the process of technological innovation creation is revealed. The analysis of the factors facilitating and hindering partnership and cooperation in innovation carried out. The result of the investigation is the classification of barriers to business-science collaboration.

Social capital and national innovation system: a cross-country analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepehr Ghazinoory ◽  
Ali Bitaab ◽  
Ardeshir Lohrasbi
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
National Level ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose – In the last two decades, researchers have paid much attention to the role of cultural values on economic and social development. In particular, the crucial role of different aspects of culture on the development of innovation has been stressed in the literature. Consequently, it is vital to understand how social capital, as a core cultural value, affects the innovation process and the innovative performance at the national level. However, to date, the impact of different dimensions of social capital and innovation has not been properly portrayed or explained. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of four different dimensions of social capital (institutional and interpersonal, associational life and norms) on two of the main functions of national innovation system (NIS) (entrepreneurship and knowledge creation) based on over 50,000 observations in 34 countries. Design/methodology/approach – In this regard, national-level data from the World Values Survey database was employed to quantify social capital. Entrepreneurship is, in turn, assumed to consist of three sub-indexes and 14 indicators based on the Global Entrepreneurship Index. Knowledge creation is also measured through US Patent Office applications. Also, exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling approach were used to build the measurement model and investigate the impact that each factor of social capital had on entrepreneurship and knowledge application, respectively. Measurement and structural models were built and their reliability and validity were tested using various fit indices. Research findings suggest the strong positive effect of institutional trust and networking on entrepreneurship. Also, interpersonal trust and networks were shown to have high influence on knowledge development at the national level. Norms appear to have naïve to medium negative effects on both functions. Findings – Research findings suggest the strong positive effect of institutional trust and networking on entrepreneurship. Also, interpersonal trust and networks were shown to have high influence on knowledge development at the national level. Norms appear to have naïve to medium negative effects on both functions. Originality/value – However, to date, the impact of different dimensions of social capital and innovation has not been properly portrayed or explained.

scholarly journals The Role of Humour in the Social Care Professions: An Exploratory Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 778-796
Author(s):  
Molly Fogarty ◽  
Dely Lazarte Elliot
Keyword(s):  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Care Training ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract Six social care professionals were recruited to take part in in-depth interviews that sought to explore their phenomenological experiences of humour within their place of work. Using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach, the results suggest that humour serves various important functions within social care. Humour can allow social care professionals to relieve themselves of negative emotions, to avoid stress and cynicism, to achieve a sense of normality and perspective and to engage with service users. The positive impact humour appears to have upon these professionals is in keeping with the humour–health hypothesis, which posits that humour enhances well-being. However, results from this study also suggest that humour may be capable of negatively impacting well-being. Arguably, these findings highlight the need to extend the humour–health hypothesis and incorporate the negative effects humour can have upon well-being. Results also indicate that, if used appropriately, humour can be utilised to benefit work performance and service user outcomes. The findings of this research hold important implications for how humour may be understood and fostered in social care training, practice and policy.

Enhancing customer experience using technological innovations

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deependra Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Customer Experience ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Senior Managers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
True Representation ◽  
Hotel Managers

Purpose The study aims to provide a comparative analysis of diverse challenges faced by different categories of hotels during the adoption of technological innovation. It also examines the role of technological innovations in enhancing the customer experience from a practitioner’s perspective. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative research is used to better understand the prevailing trends and execution challenges, using the interview method of collecting data. The sample includes owners and senior managers responsible for managing the property. Findings Indian hotels have lagged behind in technology adoption compared with their western counterparts, though the situation is now changing. The paper highlights the positive impact of technological innovation on customer experience and also identifies constraints in adopting technological innovations. Research limitations/implications All hotels participating in this study were selected from a single region of India. Hence, the results may not be a true representation of comparable hotels nationwide. Practical implications Findings of this study enable hotel managers and owners to appreciate the role of technological innovation as a differentiator and to understand a variety of nuances associated with technological innovation. Understanding of these dimensions will enable them to take cautious decisions about allocating resources for technological innovation and also to ensure that their customers are being offered maximum value-for-money. Originality/value The study was conducted in a developing economy where technological innovation is at a relatively early stage. This study explores its objectives from a practitioner’s perspective.

scholarly journals PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVELOPMENT FROM NEW ORDER REGIME TO REFORMATION REGIME IN INDONESIA: PERSPECTIVE OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION SYSTEM

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Anugerah Yuka Asmara ◽  
Toshio Mitsufuji
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Resource ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
New Order ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Role Of Government

<p>PV has been firstly introduced in Indonesia by government as part of new and renewable enegies (NREs) since new order regime. During this regime, directive of PV development was totally determined by strong role of government. Afterwards, in reformation regime, role of enterprises to develop PV appeared when government issued regulation about use of local products as well as formation of the directorate of NREs at Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resource (ESDM) in 2010. To capture phenomena of PV development during new order regime to reformation regime, technological innovation system (TIS) is used on this study. This study is a qualitative analysis using case study method developed by Yin. Finding of this study is that PV projects and its technology cannot be massively developed without intervention of government both in new order regime and reformation regime.</p><em></em>

scholarly journals Own Video Content of Libraries: Trends and Prospects for Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-270
Author(s):  
Nadezhda V. Popova
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Video Content ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Media ◽  
Goals And Objectives

Changing of media consumption in the digital age is the object of focus attention of both Russian and foreign researchers. Modern cultural studies note the increasing role of video content in the media environment. Taking into account current trends, libraries more often create their own video materials to implement various goals and objectives. Thus, creation of own video content is rapidly becoming an integral part of the work of modern library. However, despite some established experience of libraries in this area, there is still not enough research of general and theoretical nature on the content, guidelines and prospects for the development of activities related to the creation and use of library video content, and there is no its classification.The purpose of this work is to conduct analysis of the video content in libraries, identify the most common materials, as well as to determine the prospects for using this tool to reach their own goals. The article discusses definitions of the term “video content”. The author presents the main types of videos produced by libraries, their characteristics and features. Special attention is paid to video projects of libraries in Russia. The article reveals the experience of the Astrakhan Library for Youth named after B. Shakhovsky in using its own video content. The paper discusses the issue of classification of video materials produced by libraries. The author proposes the following classification of library videos: video review, virtual book exhibition, webinar (online seminar or web conference), interview, humorous video, webcast, event announcement, video report and booktrailer. The author indicates the main reasons hindering the demand for library video content among the wide range of Internet users and gives the rationale for the necessity and importance of this type of activity and proposes possible prospects for using own video content of libraries. Thanks to its presence, the library ceases to be a closed institution storing knowledge within itself that produces positive impact on its image. Using means of communication that are understandable to a person of visual culture, it changes stereotypes and demonstrates its modern capabilities.

scholarly journals MANAGING KNOWLEDGE-RELATED BARRIERS TO TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION THROUGH EXPLOITATIVE AND EXPLORATIVE ORGANISATIONAL STRATEGIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 1950035 ◽  
Author(s):  
NUTTANEEYA (ANN) TORUGSA ◽  
WAYNE O’DONOHUE
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Negative Interaction ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Workplace Creativity

This study uses data from a sample of 31,948 European innovating firms to examine the impact that knowledge-related barriers to technological innovation have on the link between the level of such innovation and firm performance, and, to investigate the role of “exploitative” and “explorative” organisational strategies in moderating such impact. Exploitative strategies are measured by the level of organisational innovations, and exploratory strategies are measured by the level of methods for fostering workplace creativity. Using moderated hierarchical regression, the results reveal a negative effect of the interaction between technological innovation and related knowledge constraints on firm performance. They also reveal that the negative interaction effect becomes positive at high levels of organisational innovations and creativity-fostering methods. The study findings thus indicate the need for managers of technologically innovative firms to implement both exploitative and explorative organisational strategies. Doing so could help minimise the negative effects of knowledge-related barriers to technological innovation, and in turn promote innovation-based competitiveness and business success.

scholarly journals Public politics and innovation of the telecommunications sector

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Milton de Abreu Campanario ◽  
Daniel Reichstul
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Telecommunication Sector ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Politics ◽  
Service Attendance

The present article evaluates the public policy towards the telecommunication sector in Brazil, taking into consideration the dead scheme of state monopoly and the introduction of processes of privatization, economic liberalization and technological innovation. It is described the increase in direct foreign investments, new forms of technology innovation, introduction of regulatory institutions, goals for investments and scopes of service attendance. Through a wide bibliographical review, data analysis and interviews with specialists, entrepreneurs and public policy makers, it was possible to better understand the role of the public policy on the national technological innovation capabilities in the sector. The results demonstrate that the commercial balance in telecommunication's equipments has increased its deficit as well as the expenses with the foreign technology transfer contracts. The new market structure was achieved mainly due to an elevation of internal prices to international levels and the legislation favorable to the competition among incumbents. It is identified an absence of policies and incentives of the public sector in the telecommunications technology innovation system, allowing an increased Brazilian dependence on foreign supply.

scholarly journals COMPLETENESS AND ACCURACY OF THE DEBTOR FINANCIAL ANALYSIS IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS

2014 ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Rudakova ◽  
T. A. Rudakova
Keyword(s):  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
The State ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Stable Development

The state of national innovation systems of Russia and EU countries in the context of these systems elements interaction with industrial enterprises is analyzed in the article. It is determined that it is necessary to significantly increase the role of enterprises in the national innovation system and the enterprises should keep to the proactive innovation policy for the long-term stable development of the Russian economics.

Describing Health Ecosystem in NIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 203-229
Author(s):  
Işıl Çekçi ◽  
Serhat Burmaoglu ◽  
Dilek Ozdemir Gungor ◽  
Levent B. Kidak
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
Scientific Publications

Technological innovation has been a key driving force for economic growth, industrial development, and increasing welfare. Two dominant streams of theories as market-failure and system-failure oriented the domain to reach development economy objectives for countries. In this case, national innovation systems have been recognized by the rising understanding of systems of innovation. National Innovation Systems have been considered as complex and multi-faceted. Therefore, for overcoming this complexity and make it simplified analytically, in this chapter only the healthcare field has been examined by considering University Hospital cases. It is aimed to understand cognitive contribution of university hospitals to health innovation system by examining scientific publications. It is found that regional perspective should be applied to create more applicable policies.

The role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (9) ◽  
pp. 106-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
R E Tokmachev ◽  
A V Budnevsky ◽  
A Ya Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Local Synthesis ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Synthesis Of Hormones

The review considers the main points of the concept of progressive chronic heart failure (CHF). The neurohumoral model of CHF pathogenesis could create novel approaches to treating these patients. However, recent studies have shown that the ways of activating the neurohumoral systems in CHF are much more complex. The increased local synthesis of hormones causes the activation of proinflammatory cytokines and proto-oncogenes, which have a number of negative effects. Multiple studies have formulated the immunoinflammatory concept of CHF pathogenesis, according to which the increased concentration of interleukin-6 is a marker of poor prognosis in CHF, and the level of tumor necrosis factor-α directly correlates with the severity of its clinical manifestations and the activity of the neurohumoral background in decompensation. The review gives a classification of cytokines and describes the reasons for their elevated plasma concentration, their possible role in the occurrence and progression of CHF, and their prognostic significance. The pathogenesis of CHF, which includes cytokine aggression, requires further studies of the effect of the inflammatory component on the course of heart failure.

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