scholarly journals Kontrol Pipet Otomatis Dalam Pengambilan Sampel Plasma Darah Dengan Metode Fuzzy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Ahmad Rofii ◽  
Khairul Anam ◽  
Widya Cahyadi
Keyword(s):  
Mini Pump

Perkembangan teknologi yang semakin pesat menyebabkan peralihan teknologi yang masih manual menjadi teknologi yang lebih canggih. Pada bidang kesehatan, juga diharapkan terus dikembangkan alat-alat maupun teknologi yang semakin canggih. Salah satu alat dibidang kesehatan yang saat ini masih dapat dikembangkan, yaitu pipet yang berfungsi untuk mengambil sampel berupa cairan. Pada umunya, pipet yang digunakan dibidang laboratorium kesehatan masih bersifat manual dan diharapkan banyak dikembangkan pipet otomatis yang mempercepat dan mempermudah pengambilan sampel. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan kontrol pipet otomatis menggunakan metode fuzzy untuk pengambilan sampel plasma darah. Hal ini bertujuan agar proses pengambilan sampel yang berupa plasma darah dapat dilakukan dengan cepat dan teliti. Dua metode penyimpulan fuzzy digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu fuzzy mamdani dan sugeno. Tahapan pertama dari penelitian ini adalah perancangan kontrol pipet otomatis. Kontrol pipet otomatis yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini terdiri atas LDR, LED, resistor, sensor servo, mini pump, dan rangkaian LCD yang dihubungkan dengan Arduino. Tahapan selanjutnya yaitu pengujian kinerja sensor. Kinerja sensor dan alat pada sistem diketahui dengan melakukan beberapa pengujian, yaitu pengujian sensor yang berupa uji kalibrasi, akurasi, dan presisi. Hasil pengujian akurasi sensor menunjukkan rata-rata error di bawah 5 % yang berarti sensor yang dirancang cukup akurat. Selain itu nilai lumen yang di uji pada tiap sensor tidak mengalami perubahan yang besar yang menunjukkan sensor pada alat presisi. Hasil pengujian alat juga menunjukkan bahwa kinerja alat yang mengunakan metode fuzzy mamdani dan fuzzy sugeno berjalan baik hal ini terlihat pada pengujian sampel yang sama diperoleh nilai input yang cenderung sama dan nilai output yang cenderung sama

A novel shaft-less double suction mini pump

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
XianWu Luo ◽  
Lei Zhu ◽  
BaoTang Zhuang ◽  
HongYuan Xu ◽  
WeiPing Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mini Pump

Abstract 445: A Pro-Fibrotic Role of Interleukin-4 in Cardiac Remodeling and Dysfunction

Hypertension ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongmei Peng ◽  
Oscar Carretero ◽  
Xiao-Ping Yang ◽  
Pablo Nakagawa ◽  
Jiang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Fibrosis ◽  
Cardiac Fibroblasts ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Collagen Production ◽  
And Function ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mini Pump

Elevated interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels are positively related to cardiac fibrosis in heart failure and hypertension. Using Balb/c exhibiting high circulating IL-4, Balb/c- Il4 tm2Nnt (IL-4 knockout with Balb/c background, IL-4 -/- ) and C57BL/6 mice, as well as cultured cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), we hypothesized that 1) high levels of IL-4 result in cardiac fibrosis, making the heart susceptible to angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced damage, and 2) IL-4 potently stimulates collagen production by CFs. Each strain (9- to 12-week old male) received vehicle or Ang II (1.4 mg/kg/day, s.c. via osmotic mini-pump) for 8 weeks. Cardiac fibrosis and function were determined by histology and echocardiography, respectively. Compared to C57BL/6, Balb/c mice had doubled interstitial collagen in the heart, enlarged left ventricle and decreased cardiac function along with elevated cardiac IL-4 protein (1.00±0.08 in C57BL/6 vs 2.61±0.46 in Balb/c, p <0.05); all those changes were significantly attenuated in IL-4 -/- (Table 1). Ang II further deteriorated cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction in Balb/c; these detrimental effects were attenuated in IL-4 -/- , although the three strains had a similar level of hypertension. In vitro study revealed that IL-4Rα was constitutively expressed in CFs (Western blot), and IL-4 potently stimulated collagen production by CFs (hydroxproline assay, from 18.89±0.85 to 38.81±3.61 μg/mg at 10 ng/ml, p <0.01). Our study demonstrates for the first time that IL-4, as a potent pro-fibrotic cytokine in the heart, contributes to cardiac fibrotic remodeling and dysfunction. Thus IL-4 may be a potential therapeutic target for cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction.

Abstract 15848: Restoration of Normal Cardiomyocyte Basal and β-Adrenergic Receptor (AR) Subtype Modulation in Heart Failure by Chronic Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibition With Sildenafil

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiankai Li ◽  
Heng-Jie Cheng ◽  
Shadi A Qasem ◽  
Michael Callahan ◽  
Wei-Min Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Pde5 Inhibitor ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cell Contractility ◽  
Lv Dysfunction ◽  
Myocyte Function ◽  
Phosphodiesterase Type ◽  
Β Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Mini Pump

Background: We have shown that Sildenafil (SIL), a selective PDE5 inhibitor reversed left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and β- adrenergic receptors (AR) desensitization in heart failure (HF). However the mechanism is not yet clear. Recent evidence suggests that normal myocardial performance depend on the balance in cardiomyocyte β 3 -, β 1 -, and β 2 -AR. Pivotal restructuring of β-AR system resulting in decline of β-adrenergic reserve plays a crucial role in the development of HF. We assessed the hypothesis that chronic SIL would prevent HF-induced abnormalities of β-AR subtype-stimulated regulation on intrinsic LV myocyte function and [Ca 2+ ] i regulation, thus restoring cardiac function. Methods: Studies were conducted in 3 groups (10/group) of rats: 1) HF, 12 weeks (W) after receiving isoproterenol (ISO) (170 mg/kg sq for 2 days); 2) HF/SIL, 8W after receiving ISO, SIL (70 μg/kg/day sq via mini pump) was initiated and given for 1 M; and 3) controls. After 12W, we compared LV myocyte contractile and [Ca 2+ ] iT responses to β-AR subtype stimulation by random exposure of myocytes to ISO (10 -8 M) or a selective β 1 -, β 2 -, or β 3 -agonist, Norepinephrine (NE, 10 -7 M), Zinterol (ZIN, 10 -5 M) and BRL-37,344 (BRL, 10 -8 M), respectively, during drug superfusion. Results: Only ISO-treated rats had HF showed 46% decreased LV contractility (E ES ) and extensive LV myocardium fibrosis. Compared with normal myocytes (N), in HF myocytes, basal cell contractility (dL/dt max , HF: 77 vs N: 136 μm/s), relaxation and [Ca 2+ ] iT all significantly decreased. ISO-stimulated dL/dt max (31% vs 67%) was attenuated accompanied by a diminished NE-mediated increase in dL/dt max (13% vs 49%), but enhanced BRL-induced decreases in dL/dt max (-29% vs -16%).The response of dL/dt max (25% vs 15%) to ZIN was increased. Importantly, in HF/SIL myocytes, the basal dL/dt max (139 μm/s) and [Ca 2+ ] iT remained close to control values with preserved β-stimulated positive modulation on cell contraction. The increases in dL/dt max in response to ISO (70%) and NE (44%) were similar as in normal myocytes, but repose to ZIN (27%) was enhanced. Conclusions: Chronic SIL reverses β-adrenergic signaling defects, resensitizing the β-AR subtype system modulation on LV myocytes function, thus playing a salutary role in HF.

Comparison of intraperitoneal, intraportal and intravenous insulin infusion

1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Dirch Poulsen ◽  
Mogens Smith ◽  
Marja Deckert ◽  
Torsten Deckert
Keyword(s):  
Portal Vein ◽  
Peritoneal Cavity ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
Peripheral Vein ◽  
Intravenous Insulin ◽  
Intraperitoneal Insulin ◽  
Arterial Plasma ◽  
Mini Pump

Abstract. In order to avoid complications induced by long-term infusions of insulin into the portal vein, we examined the effect of intraperitoneal (ip) insulin infusion on arterial plasma insulin and glucose concentrations in 6 pigs, made diabetic by a constant intravenous (iv) infusion of glucose, epinephrine and propranolol. Insulin was infused by an electromechanical programmable mini-pump (Pharmaject Micro Infusion System®, Pharmacia Electronics) as a booster injection of 46 mU highly purified porcine insulin Leo®/kg body weight, followed by 3 infusion periods of 30 min each with stepwise decreasing infusion rates of 1.6–0.8 and 0.2 mU/kg/min in a total volume of 192 μ1. Insulin was infused in a peripheral vein, a portal vein and into the peritoneal cavity. A steep rise of arterial plasma insulin was demonstrated followed by a slow and identical decline in the peripheral and portal experiments, whereas only a small increase of plasma insulin was seen in the ip experiment, indicating insufficient absorption of insulin from the peritoneal cavity. The decrease of plasma glucose was identical in the peripheral and portal vein experiments, indicating that insulin infused in the portal vein does not seem to have a higher hypoglycaemic effect, than insulin infused in a peripheral vein. Intraperitoneal insulin infusion seems not to be a practical substitute for iv insulin infusion.

Abstract 16216: Increases in Renal Nkcc2 and Ncc Preceded the Elevation of Blood Pressure in Mice Treated With Clozapine

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyun Ren ◽  
Laureano D Asico ◽  
Xiaoyan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Sodium Transport ◽  
Transport Proteins ◽  
No Synthase ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Mini Pump

One of major side effects of clozapine, a common antipsychotic drug, is hypertension. In order to explore the pathogenesis of the drug-induced hypertension, we examined the renal sodium transport proteins and BP in the C57Bl6/J male mice treated with clozapine at different doses for 1 week. Clozapine at 20mg/kg/day via osmotic mini-pump increased SBP ( 110±0.6,mmHg, femoral artery, under anesthesia) and DBP (76.7±1) relative to vehicle (97.6±1.2/71.2±2.7) while the renal protein expression of NKCC2 (180±21, % of vehicle) and NCC (171±22), and ENaC-α (140±7), β(166±21) and γ(130±7) was increased without changes in NHE3 and α1-NKA (n=5/group). Clozapine at lower doses (5&10mg/kg/day,IP) did not change the conscious SBP and DBP monitored daily by tail-cuff, even on day 7 in 5 mg/kg group (115.61±1.6/90.1±1.3) and in 10mg/kg group (116.8±2/89.0±1.6) relative to vehicle (111.9±1.5/86.9±1.4) (n=4/group). Urinary excretion of Na + & K + and serum concentrations of Na + , K + , Cl - , creatinine were similar in all groups. However, renal protein expression of NKCC2 was increased in 5mg/kg (360±80, % of vehicle) and 10mg/kg (247±50) groups; NCC was increased at 5 mg/kg (175±9); α1-NKA was increased in 5mg/kg (216±5) and 10mg/kg (163±2) groups. No increases were found in the protein expression of NHE3 and ENaCs. Those increases in renal NKCC2 &NCC at 5 & 10 mg/kg were consistent with those at 20 mg/kg. AT1R was increased at 5 (221±20) &10mg/kg (255±21) while renin (186±15) and ACE1 (186±5), not ACE2, were increased at 5 mg/kg suggesting an activation of RAAS in kidney. NOX4, not NOX2, was increased at 5 mg/kg (453±69) while NOS3, not NOS1&2, was decreased at 5 (60±21) and 10mg/kg (64±5) groups. TNFα, not IL-6 was increased at 5 (222±18) &10 mg/kg (321±26). In cultured mouse distal convoluted tubule cells, clozapine also increased NCC and α1-NKA at 1nM (169±4;156±7) and 10nm(175±23;183±15) respectively ( 24h,n=4/group). Those changes in kidney, including increases in sodium transport proteins, RAAS components, ROS generation enzymes, inflammation factors and decrease in NO synthase, preceded the elevation of BP suggesting that direct or indirect regulations of clozapine on those proteins may play an important role in the pathogenesis of the drug-induced hypertension.

An Implantable Microbolus Pump With Contactless Rechargeable Battery Power Source Triggered by Remote Activation

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina K. Givrad ◽  
Daniel P. Holschneider ◽  
William H. Moore ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Jean-Michel I. Maarek
Keyword(s):  
Infusion Pump ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Rechargeable Battery ◽  
Power Transfer ◽  
Inductive Power Transfer ◽  
Transmitter Coil ◽  
Design And Testing ◽  
Mini Pump ◽  
Inductive Power

We describe the design and testing of an implantable miniature infusion pump that uses a rechargeable battery as a power source. This design includes a receiver printed coil that allows inductive power transfer from a transmitter coil wound around a 20 cm diameter charging unit and a frequency-gated optical sensor that allows activation of the pump at a distance using pulses of infrared light. This mini pump can be charged in the home cage by inductive power transfer, and then operates independently from its power link in freely moving animals.

Study on the large flow rate piezoelectric mini-pump with metal check valve

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zunqiang Fan ◽  
Jianfang Liu ◽  
Jingshi Dong ◽  
Jianqiao Li ◽  
Bin Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Check Valve ◽  
Large Flow Rate ◽  
Large Flow ◽  
Mini Pump

Evaluation of Stability of a Sucrose-Formulated, Full-Length rFVIII for Use in Continuous Infusion Therapy.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 4114-4114
Author(s):  
Uri Martinowitz ◽  
Aaron Lubetsky ◽  
Ilia Tamarin ◽  
Jacob Luboshitz
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Infusion ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Infusion Therapy ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Fviii Activity ◽  
Normal Water ◽  
Recombinant Fviii ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Excellent Stability ◽  
Mini Pump

Abstract Introduction: Stability of a FVIII preparation in mini-pumps is an important consideration for its use in a continuous infusion manner. Our goal was to evaluate the stability of a specific recombinant FVIII (Kogenate®FS; KOGENATE®Bayer) in two commonly used infusion mini-pumps, with and without anticoagulant additives that may be used in clinical practice to prevent local thrombophlebitis. Methods: Kogenate® FS (250 IU/vial and 1000 IU/vial) was reconstituted using aseptic technique according to the manufacturer’s instructions with normal water for injection (100 IU/ml and 400 IU/ml, respectively); an additional dilution of 100 IU/ml was made from the 1000 IU/vial size. Reconstituted material was spiked with unfractionated heparin (UFH) or low molecular weight heparin (LMWH; Enoxaparin/Clexane) to a final concentration ~5 U/ml, or left untreated and then transferred to reservoirs of 2 mini-pumps (Walkmed, Medfusion Inc., Duluth, GA and CADD, Deltec, Inc., St. Paul, MN). All bags were stored in a light-protected environment at room temperature (22°C) for 7 days. Samples were drawn at baseline (immediately post reconstitution), 3h, 6h, 12h, 24h, and days 2–7, frozen at −30°C, and assayed for FVIII activity by one-stage assay. On Day 7, the residual volume of the mini-pump containers was cultured for bacteria. Results: All samples except one* had FVIII activity >90% of baseline. Conclusions: Kogenate® FS appears to retain excellent stability at room temperature during 7 days in both CADD and Walkmed infusion pumps with and without addition of UFH or LMWFH. No bacterial growth was observed. These results indicate that Kogenate® FS may be useful in continuous infusion therapy. Figure Figure

C11 Effects of Tip Clearance on the Hydraulic Performance of Mini Pump Impeller

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006.59 (0) ◽  
pp. 63-64
Author(s):  
Michihiro NISHI ◽  
Kouichi YOSHIDA ◽  
Hitoshi DOHZONO ◽  
Junichi OHKUBO
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Performance ◽  
Tip Clearance ◽  
Pump Impeller ◽  
Mini Pump
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