scholarly journals Buying Voters: Money and Political Transaction in Legislative Elections.

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
M. Iqbal Fardian
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Cost ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Cultural Relations ◽  
Legislative Elections ◽  
Institutional Practice ◽  
General Elections ◽  
Democratic Systems ◽  
Political Praxis

Political transaction has become a common phenomenon that accompanies elections. It does not only occur in countries with well-established democratic systems, but also in developing nations. Academic engagement with the concept of democracy increasingly explores its links to the chaotic commodification of electors' votes. Political transactions can trigger several problems, such as political structures, citizenship awareness, or cultural relations issues that form a democratic structure of the country. Political transactions are processes of negotiation that take place between elites. This paper explores the contestation of social positions to gain electors' votes in the context of the legislative election conducted in Banyuwangi. The strategies used by legislative candidates to obtain votes through transactional relationships demonstrates the various actors involved in general elections. First, the researcher argues that democratization has transformed the sacred position of the elites, especially the religious elite. Second, the complexity of relations between elites presents the position of a broker, which emphasizes the character of democracy in Indonesia, which is marked by issues of clientelism. Thus, it is essential to observe Indonesia's political praxis from the institutional practice point of view and its social problems that distort democratic values. Keywords: Clientelism, Transaction Cost Politic, Money Politics

Determinants of Successful Financial Inclusion in Low-Income Rural Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-100
Author(s):  
Yashwant Kumar Vaid ◽  
Vikram Singh ◽  
Monika Sethi
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Developing Nation ◽  
Financial Products

Finance plays a key role in the growth of developed as well as developing nations. A financially well included society leads to stronger growth. Financial inclusion aims at providing easy and affordable access to financial products and services. The main concern for any developing nation from a growth point of view is advancement of low-income rural population just as much as the high-income population. Taking a note of this, identifying the key determinants that would lead to successful financial inclusion of low-income rural population is equally, if not more, important. The inclusion strategies have to be built around these determinants to promote inclusion and thus, a clear picture of these determinants is a must have for strategy and policy makers. Though the factors may be somewhat similar across the nation, but their significance and impact on financial inclusion varies greatly from one geographical area to other. In line with this, the purpose of this study is to identify the dimensions of successful financial inclusion in the low-income rural segments with special reference to Raipur, Chhattisgarh. The study uses factor analysis to identify the determinants and path analysis to analyse the significance of these factors in financial inclusion.

scholarly journals Reformulation of Money Politics Crime in Electoral Law as a Corruption Criminal Action

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiradhyaksa Mochamad Hariadi Putra ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Legislative Elections ◽  
Research Results ◽  
General Elections ◽  
Political Office ◽  
Political Crime ◽  
Electoral Law

Money politics is directly related to corruption crime since it has an element of bribery that can harm state finances if the doer occupies his political office. Money politics occurs during political campaigns until general elections day. Indonesian electoral law or regulation have not included money politics in corruption crime. This research examined and deeply discussed how the formulation of money politics crime in current election, what are the legal issues in election crimes, and how the reformulation of money politics in electoral law as a corruption criminal act. This study used a normative-juridicial research method. Based on this research results, it is known that the formulation of money politics crime in current election can only be interpreted implicitly. Legal issues in election crimes are still rampant today as exemplified by the author through political crime cases in regional and legislative elections. The reformulation can be carried out by including a corruption clause as special offense in electoral law.

scholarly journals Argentinian Elections

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Celeste Ratto ◽  
Michael S. Lewis-Beck
Keyword(s):  
Structural Models ◽  
Legislative Elections ◽  
National Elections ◽  
Election Forecasting ◽  
Vote Intention ◽  
Democratic Systems ◽  
Democratic Elections ◽  
Established Democracies ◽  
Public Opinion Polls ◽  
Opinion Polls

Election forecasts, based on public opinion polls or statistical structural models, regularly appear before national elections in established democracies around the world. However, in less established democratic systems, such as those in Latin America, scientific election forecasting by opinion polls is irregular and by statistical models is almost non-existent. Here we attempt to ameliorate this situation by exploring the leading case of Argentina, where democratic elections have prevailed for the last thirty-eight years. We demonstrate the strengths—and the weaknesses—of the two approaches, finally giving the nod to structural models based political and economic fundamentals. Investigating the presidential and legislative elections there, 1983 to 2019, our political economy model performs rather better than the more popular vote intention method from polling.

scholarly journals Intrinsic Variability of Wolf-Rayet Stars from an Observational Point of View

1991 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 109-124
Author(s):  
Anthony F. J. Moffat ◽  
Carmelle Robert
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Random Component ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Intrinsic Variability ◽  
Observational Point

Evidence is mounting that the dominant random component of variability in single WR stars can be explained by one common phenomenon: stochastic formation, propagation and decay of density enhancements in the winds.

The Hunger of Martha Nussbaum

2002 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Galt Harpham
Keyword(s):  
Developing Nations ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Martha Nussbaum ◽  
Literary Critic ◽  
Central Idea ◽  
Human Capabilities ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Academic Philosopher

The immediate problem confronted by readers of Martha Nussbaum's early work is that, from a professional point of view, the quality of mind behind the arguments seems far superior to the arguments themselves. From the point of view of the academic philosopher, Nussbaum is far too heavily invested in literature; while, from the point of view of the professional literary critic, she is far too deeply committed to a principle of realism, even to an affective relationship with literary characters, that is incompatible with academic norms. The central idea in her early work is not in fact conceptual or critical at all, but rather moral: a fundamental transformation of life based on a relinquishing of mastery,a submission of the mind to emotion, especially erotic emotion. Nussbaum has commented on the formative impact of an adolescent reading of Plato's Phaedrus, in which she identified herself with the younger partner of the Platonic homosexual couple, the apprentice learner bound to the master by erotic and intellectual ties, and we can see in Nussbaum'searly work residues of this identification. In ''phase two'' of Nussbaum'swork, we can, however,trace a further conversion, in which Nussbaum positions herself not as the apprentice but as the master. In most of the work she has produced since the late 1980s, the values and orientations of her early work are precisely inverted: emotions are now checked or carefully contained, an emphasis on erotic passion is transformed into a zeal for social and educational reform, the personal gives way to the cosmopolitan and even the universal; Stoic or Kantian reason becomes the dominant emphasis as Nussbaum attempts to articulate a general account of ''the human.'' Nussbaum's public disputes over the past decade reveal, in addition to the differences that continue to separate her from her contemporaries, a complex attempt to negotiate the differences that divide her from herself. The most characteristic gesture of the work of the past ten years is an often-revised ''List of Human Capabilities'' that she proposes as a way of guiding quality-of-life assessments, especially in developing nations. The conception behind such a list may represent, as her critics charge, a grossly unprofessional failure of professionalism, as well as moral arrogance; but it may also, perhaps, actually be useful.

Earliest historic reference of ’tinnitus’ is controversial

2004 ◽  
Vol 118 (7) ◽  
pp. 487-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Original Source ◽  
The Past ◽  
Health History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Modern Status

Tinnitus, that is defined as ’ringing in the ear’, is and has probably always been a very common phenomenon in the health history of mankind. A variety of pathomechanisms for its onset has been proposed in the past and this trend sees no stopping. Precise pathomechanisms still remain unclear. From the historical point of view, tinnitus is a very interesting topic but there is a lack of scientific enquiries. As its earliest historic reference, the Papyrus Ebers is often cited. By reviewing the original source, however, it is very unlikely that this contains the earliest historic reference of tinnitus. It is rather likely indeed that tinnitus was a known symptom in the ancient Egypt but it has never been exclusively been written down. This article reviews data provided by this fascinating historical period on the questionable reference and highlights the impact of history on the modern status of tinnitus.

Human resource development in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-44
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource Development ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Resource Development ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach – This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings – Globalization has inspired and created numerous questions, including many within the realms of human resource development (HRD). However, the focus of these questions tends to be from the point of view of developed nations and the effect on either their own HRD issues, and rarely consider what the effects are on developing nations and their HRD activities and policies. Yet, these questions should not be pushed to the back of the queue, as the extent to which HRD can progress effectively is dependent on both sides of the equation. Practical implications – The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. Originality/value – The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

scholarly journals Youth Perception of Legislative General Elections in Pidie Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1262-1269
Author(s):  
Rozaili Rozaili ◽  
Zulfikar Zulfikar
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Voting Rights ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Legislative Elections ◽  
Financial Factors ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Good State ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Idea ◽  
General Elections

Democracy is a brilliant idea that changes the politics of the world. The emergence of democracy is something that is considered important because it is a political idea containing values that are indispensable as a reference for managing the life of the nation and a good state. Based on the description above, researchers can formulate the problem as follows: 1 ) What is the youth's response to the legislative elections in 2019? 2) What is the level of youth awareness towards the legislative elections in 2019? The approach used in this research is a quantitative approach with descriptive type. A quantitative approach with a descriptive type aims to explain, summarize various conditions, various situations, or various variables that arise in the community that become the object based on what is happening. From the results of the study found 37% of youth did not use their voting rights and 63% used their voting rights. This is the benchmark among young people so apathetic towards the politics that are running in this country. The disappointment that young people get from previous legislators is their benchmark for voting in this election, guided by this research, it will be the biggest disaster for youth in the world of politics. As for the youth who belong to the group chose almost half of them chose because of financial factors and encouragement from others and very few chose according to conscience, For this reason, they chose not to be involved in legislative elections this year, and to take care of more important matters according to them.

scholarly journals The Influence of Artificial Intelligence on the Human Potential Development: The Views of Orthodox Clergy and Parishioners

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (65) ◽  
pp. 400-418
Author(s):  
Mikhail V. Vinichenko ◽  
Marina V. Rybakova ◽  
Galina Y. Nikiporets-Takigawa ◽  
Oхana L. Chulanova ◽  
Natalia V. Ljapunova
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Conceptual Apparatus ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
The Social

The article discusses the nature of the influence of artificial intelligence on the development of human potential from the point of view of the Orthodox clergy and their parishioners. Methodologically, surveys and statistics were used to find out the opinion of the study subjects. A common phenomenon in the study was a unique consolidated position of all categories of Orthodox respondents on the danger that artificial intelligence represents. Most Orthodox are concerned about the unpredictability of creating and using artificial intelligence, especially in a pandemic. The authors considered the position of clergy, parishioners with and without a church on the nature of artificial intelligence's influence on human potential, the threats and risks to humans that come from artificial intelligence. The main advantage of the work is the results obtained on the basis of the comparative analysis of the positions of different categories of orthodox respondents on the nature of the influence of artificial intelligence on the development of human potential. In conclusion, the results can be used to develop a categorical-conceptual apparatus, to systematize knowledge about the use of artificial intelligence in the social and spiritual spheres.

scholarly journals Optimizing The Role of the General Election Commission in Realizing Democratic Elections in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Ta’mirotul Biroroh
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
General Election ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
The People ◽  
State Administration ◽  
General Elections ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Democratic Elections ◽  
Election Commission

The mechanism for transferring people's sovereignty is carried out through general elections to elect leaders and representatives of the people who will be mandated to carry out state and government affairs in accordance with the provisions contained in the legislation. One of the interesting developments from the point of view of the Indonesian state administration began when Indonesia experienced a transitional period of general elections (elections) which are one of the main pillars of democracy. In Indonesia, the existence of an election management body has existed since the 1955 general election until now. In every course of political history, Indonesia has several different institutional models of election management from time to time.  The General Election Commission in Indonesia it is called Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) is an institution that carries out the function of organizing elections in Indonesia. In addition to the KPU, there are institutions that also play an important role in the implementation of elections and are closely related to the existence of the KPU, namely survey institutions that carry out quick count processes. The survey institutions in a number of developing countries, especially those that are actively building democracy, are also not a little doubted by their moral honesty, at least being sued with a critical attitude such as the existence of a poll on the existence of a political survey institution, which has resulted in an attitude of uncertainty about the performance survey agency. This condition makes people less confident in the survey results which are considered no longer independent. It is proven that every time an election is held, a number of survey institutions seem to want to lead public opinion towards certain contestants. This is certainly very unfortunate considering that the survey results are one of the important instruments in democracy.

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