scholarly journals Utilizing Production Sharing Contracts (PSCs) as a Means for the Protection of Indonesia’s Natural Resources

Lentera Hukum ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 393
Author(s):  
Hari Sutra Disemadi ◽  
Sahuri Lasmadi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
State Control ◽  
Production Sharing ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

Indonesia has the potential to manage natural resources in such a way that social justice, public welfare, and the prosperity of the people is also realized. Contract law is the primary legal umbrella used in efforts to protect natural resources from exploitation. This study uses normative juridical methods that prioritize secondary data as the primary sources. This study shows the form of the legal protection of state assets related to oil and gas management including the government has the right of immunity, the existence of provisions regarding state revenue, state levies, and bonuses and the existence of provisions for contractors to distribute a portion of the production share. Thus, the government uses Production Sharing Contracts (PSC) to enter into oil and gas management agreements with contractors, specifically regarding upstream business activities. The Oil and Gas Law does not elaborate on the meaning of the PSC. Rather, it only states that the PSC is one form of the contracts. Keywords: Production Sharing Contract, State Control, Protection of Natural Resources.

scholarly journals Public Perception and Participation in Environmental Preservation of Watershed

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Andi Bustan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Illegal Mining ◽  
The People ◽  
People’S Perception ◽  
Financial Interests ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government

Environmental aspects have been some of the most argued about topics in society, including the role of the government as a stakeholder. Deforestation and illegal mining have been destroying the many ecosystems and rainforest habitats, including along the Katingan Watershed. The research objective is to describe public perception and participation in environmental preservation. The research used descriptive qualitative method and applying Spradley Domain Analysis. Primary and secondary data were obtained directly from field informants using interviews, observations and documentation. The research results show that the people’s perception and participation in environmental preservation was categorized into two groups. The first group one stated that they did contributed out of personal and financial interests, whilst the second groups were simply following the instructions of the government and local leaders. In general, locals have different perception on how they utilize the natural resources. The management of natural resources was perceived as being done for economic reasons, with the assumption that it were used sustainably. People’s involvement in preserving nature were affected their own needs either individually or collectively. Participation of the people in the conservation around the watersheds area was done for reasons of individual desire, solidarity, and to follow instructions from the government and Katingan Hilir leader. Environmental effort is carried out in activities aiming to protect and prevent damage to the area of the Katingan River. This lead to argue that diverse people’s perception to preserving environment generates the difference participation in their awareness.

scholarly journals Kajian Yuridis Tentang Kesadaran Warga Negara Untuk Menggunakan Hak Pilih Dalam Melaksanakan Demokrasi Pada Pemilihan Kepala Daerah

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Muzayanah Muzayanah
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Voting Rights ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Leadership Management ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The People ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Regional Leaders

The Republic of Indonesia is a state based on the rule of law in implementing state administration based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. The administration of government with a democratic system in which the highest sovereignty is in the hands of the people and in its implementation the people elect a leader to run the government. To determine the regional leader / regional head must be carried out through regional head elections. Regional head elections are intended to continue the government which has ended its term of office. Therefore, regional head elections must be held simultaneously throughout the territory of the Republic of Indonesia. The holding of regional head elections is a big job and is the responsibility of all parties, including all citizens of the Republic of Indonesia, so that the implementation of regional head elections runs well. The regional head elections in question have been held and are the result of the hard work of various relevant state institutions that have carried out their duties and responsibilities, in this case the General Election Commission (KPU) which has held regional head elections simultaneously throughout the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI). ). The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia regulates the voting rights of citizens to participate and actively participate in determining regional leaders / regional heads who will lead in their respective territories. Citizens have the right to vote to vote at regional head elections. This is of course an awareness and responsibility as citizens so that regional leaders / regional heads are elected who are able to organize government and create prosperity and justice based on the values contained in the principles of Pancasila. The problem in this research is how a juridical study of the awareness of citizens to use their voting rights in implementing democracy in regional head elections?This research is a normative juridical research with the Library Research research method. The data collection method uses secondary data in the form of primary legal materials and secondary and tertiary legal materials. The population in this study is a random population of residents / community of Pengkol hamlet, Mangunsari village, Gunung pati District, Semarang City. The results of the research show that people in this region as citizens of the Republic of Indonesia have the awareness and responsibility to exercise their voting rights in the implementation of regional head elections, especially the election for Mayor and Deputy Mayor of Semarang on December 9, 2020. Regional head elections in this region have been going well and in a conducive situation even though it was held during the Covid-19 pandemic. It is hoped that the holding of this regional head election will produce regional leaders who have reliable and quality leadership management and are able to bring the community to realize social justice for all Indonesian people.

scholarly journals PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PASIEN KEGAWATDARURATAN BPJS DENGAN DIAGNOSA DI LUAR DAFTAR DIAGNOSA GAWAT DARURAT DI RSUD KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Triana Widati ◽  
Hudi Asrori ◽  
Pujiyono ,
Keyword(s):  
Health Service ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The People ◽  
Legal Factor ◽  
Key Word ◽  
The Right

<p>Abstract<br />This article examines the legal protection of BPJS emergency patients with diagnoses beyond the emergency diagnostic list and factors that may inhibit the emergency services for BPJS user patients at the Sukoharjo District Hospital. This type of research is empirical. Form of research is deskriptif. The dara used are primary data, secondary data and tertiery data collection methode of documentation and interviews. Analysis of data using qualitative analysis. Based on the description of the results of research and discussion in connection with the considered promblems with the teory of the working of the legal system and the legal protection teory, it can be concluded that the legal protection of BPJS participants and the right to submit a complaint related to the health service in the National Health Insurance (JKN). Based on Article 25 letter b of Presidential Regulation Number 12 of 2013, services that are not guaranteed are services performed in health facilities that are not cooperated with BPJS Health, except in emergency conditions, but the emergency condition condition has also been determined, if the people who have emergency discharge. Factors that can inhibit the emergency services for patients using BPJS in RSUD Sukoharjo District, among others, the legal factor which limits the emergency conditions.<br />Key Word: Legal Protection; Patients; Emergency Diagnosis</p><p>Abstrak<br />Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perlindungan hukum bagi pasien kegawatdaruratan BPJS dengan diagnosa di luar daftar diagnosa gawat darurat dan faktor-faktor yang dapat menghambat <br />dalam  pelayanan  kegawatdaruratan  bagi  pasien  pengguna  BPJS    di    RSUD  Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Jenis penelitian ini adalah empiris. Bentuk penelitian deskriptif analitis. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer, sekunder dan tersier dengan pengumpulan data dokumentasi dan wawancara. Analisis data menggunakan analisis kualitatif. Berdasarkan deskripsi hasil penelitian dan pembahasan sehubungan dengan masalah yang dikaji dengan teori bekerjanya hukum dan teori perlindungan hukum dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlindungan hukum peserta BPJS didasari oleh perlindungan hak memperoleh pelayanan kesehatan sebagai peserta BPJS dan hak menyampaikan keluhan terkait dengan pelayanan kesehatan dalam Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN). Berdasarkan Pasal 25 huruf b Perpres Nomor 12 tahun 2013 pelayanan yang tidak dijamin adalah pelayanan yang dilakukan di fasilitas kesehatan yang tidak bekerjasama dengan BPJS Kesehatan, kecuali dalam kondisi gawat darurat, namun demikian kondisi kegawat daruratannya juga telah ditentukan, apabila orang-orang yang mengalami kegawatdaruratan yang tidak tertulis maka tidak ditanggung oleh BPJS. Faktor-faktor yang dapat menghambat dalam pelayanan kegawatdaruratan bagi pasien pengguna BPJS  di  RSUD Kabupaten Sukoharjo antara lain faktor hukum yang membatasi kondisi kegawatdaruratan. <br />Kata kunci: Perlindungan Hukum; Pasien; Kegawatdaruratan.</p>

scholarly journals Political Health Law in Indonesia in Baros District, Serang District

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Sulastri Sulastri ◽  
Yuliana Yuli W ◽  
Dwi Aryanti R ◽  
Satino Satino
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Health Law ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Political Health ◽  
Health Laws

Everyone has a desire that he is always in a healthy condition and that public health must get legal guarantees and protection from the government. This is also damaging to the community in Baros Village, Baro District, Serang Regency. Health insurance and legal protection obtained by the community in the form of physical and spiritual welfare, shelter or a place to take refuge, a healthy environmental life and there is no discrimination in obtaining health care and obtaining legal protection for their health. As for the formulation of the problem in research on how to protect health laws in Baros Village. In this study, researchers used the literature study method and the type of dat used was secondary data. Law politics has a very strategic role. A political-law approach is needed so that the law that is enforced must always be based on national interests, then a political-law approach is needed. Likewise in matters of health, law politics is needed so that all people can obtain protection of the right to health which is a basic right of everyone.

Efektifitas Kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar Dalam Masa Pandemi Corona Virus 2019 oleh Pemerintah Sesuai Amanat UUD NRI Tahun 1945

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aprista Ristyawati
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Mutual Care ◽  
The Right

The current global pandemic clearly raises public concern. Therefore, the Government must provide protection to the community in the prevention and handling of COVID-19 cases in accordance with the mandate of UUD NRI Tahun 1945. during the effective Pandemic period according to UUD NRI Tahun 1945. The method of approach used in this research is normative juridical and analytical descriptive that is describing the object that is the subject of the problem, from the depiction taken an analysis adapted to existing legal theories and putting the law as a norm building system. The results of this study indicate that if it is associated with the mandate of UUD NRI Tahun 1945, many PSBB policies are less effective because surely the community feels that they have not fully received legal protection over the existing policies made by the current government. To avoid other levels of infertility, the following efforts were made so that the PSBB policies provided during the effective pandemic period in accordance with UUD NRI Tahun 1945 include (1) the Central Government and Regional Governments ensuring the disclosure of public information in a real way to be able to know the chain of spread of the virus, (2 ) must be able to guarantee and ensure especially to the lower middle class are able to meet their needs to guarantee the right to life of their people and not diminish any dignity of the people (in accordance with the mandate of UUD NRI Tahun 1945 and the need for public roles in terms of mutual care, mutual reminding, and help each other.            Keywords:  Effectiveness, PSBB, UUD NRI Tahun 1945  Abstrak Pandemi global yang terjadi saat ini jelas menimbulkan kekhawatiran masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, Pemerintah harus memberikan perlindungan kepada masyarakat dalam pencegahan maupun penanganan kasus COVID-19 sesuai amanat Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas kebijakan  pemerintah pada masa pandemi dan bagaimana upaya yang dilakukan agar kebijakan yang diberikan selama masa Pandemi efektif sesuai UUD NRI Tahun 1945. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dan bersifat deskriptif analitis yaitu menggambarkan objek yang menjadi pokok permasalahan, dari penggambaran tersebut diambil suatu analisa yang disesuaikan dengan teori-teori hukum yang ada dan meletakan hukum sebagai sebuah bangunan sistem norma. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jika dikaitkan dengan amanat Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, kebijakan PSBB banyak yang kurang efektif karena pasti masyarakat merasa bahwa belum sepenuhnya mendapatkan perlindungan hukum atas kebijakan yang ada yang dibuat oleh pemerintah saat ini. Untuk menghindari tingkat kefatalan lainnya, berikut upaya yang dilakukan agar kebijakan PSBB yang diberikan selama masa pandemi efektif sesuai UUD NRI Tahun 1945 antara lain (1) Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Daerah memastikan keterbukaan informasi publik secara nyata untuk dapat mengetahui rantai penyebaran virus tersebut, (2) harus dapat menjamin dan memastikan terutama kepada kaum menengah ke bawah mampu memenuhi kebutuhannya untuk menjamin hak atas hidup masyarakatnya dan tidak terkurangi suatu apapun harkat martabat masyarakatnya (sesuai amanat UUD NRI Tahun 1945) dan perlunya peran publik dalam hal saling menjaga, saling mengingatkan, dan saling membantu satu sama lain.            Kata Kunci : Efektifitas, PSBB, UUD NRI Tahun 1945

scholarly journals PEMBERIAN PATEN OBAT-OBATAN DAN PEMENUHAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA TERHADAP KESEHATAN DI INDONESIA

PRANATA HUKUM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-221
Author(s):  
Chandra Muliawan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Patent Law ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
High Price ◽  
Business Interests ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

Patent which one part of the IPR, are legal protection for inventor of an invention both process and product in the field of technology that can be applied in industry. Granting of patents in the pharmaceutical field impact on the high price of the medicines, it affects of public to access health right which a part of human rights. Based on it, the government should be protecting business interests (private) coincide with the protection, respect and fulfillment of the interests of public health (public health). The problem approach in this study normatively by using secondary data is used as supporting data. The requirements and procedure for patent applications are found in Article 24 paragraph (1) of the Patent Law including those granted based on the application. Procedures and descriptions of registered patents are also regulated as fulfilling prior priority rights for inventors who register their inventions. Priority rights also apply to foreigners who are members of the Paris Convention provided for in Article 1 number 12 of the Patent Law. Article 36 paragraphs (1) and (2) of the Health Law state that the Government has an obligation to guarantee the availability, equity and affordability of health supplies, especially essential medicines. Medicine is part of the needs of the wider community which is also an obligation of the Government to fulfill the right to health as part of human rights.

scholarly journals Gross Split Contract Framework Regulation on the Caring for People

BESTUUR ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Kirana Intaniasari
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Production Sharing ◽  
The People ◽  
The Times ◽  
Sharing Patterns

<p>This study aims to determine the model of oil and gas governance in Indonesia in terms of the interests of the State to protect natural resources that should be controlled for maximum use for the prosperity of the people. This study is based on the results of normative legal studies that are descriptive. The type of data used is secondary data obtained from literature study data collection techniques, which are then analyzed by carrying out systematic interpretation of the law. Systematic means, making a classification of written legal materials, to facilitate the work of analysis and construction. The results of this study show that oil and gas management arrangements began in the Dutch colonial period and continue to change with the times up to now, specifically the regulation of upstream oil and gas. Upstream oil and gas management has changed several times, namely the Concession system, the Contract of Work system, Production Sharing Contract (PSC) and finally the Gross Split Production Sharing Contract. The emergence of Gross Split aims to improve the PSC system and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of oil and gas production sharing patterns. Even though Gross Split still has weaknesses, but when compared to the previous system, Gross Split is more in line with the country's goal of being as broad as possible for the people.</p><p> </p><p><strong>  </strong><strong>Keywords:</strong> Mining; Gross Split; Welfare State.</p>

IMPLIKASI BERUBAHNYA KONTRAK BAGI HASIL (PRODUCT SHARING CONTRACT) KE KONTRAK BAGI HASIL GROSS SPLIT TERHADAP INVESTASI MINYAK DAN GAS BUMI DI INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Andrey Hernandoko ◽  
Mochammad Najib Imanullah
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Cost Recovery ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Internal Rate ◽  
Production Sharing ◽  
The Government ◽  
Construction Works

<p>Abstract<br />This study is aimed to know the differences between Product Sharing Contract and Gross Split along with the effects that appear in investment sector on the change of Product Sharing Contract to Gross Split. This study is based on the result of normative law study which has descriptive characteristic. The kind of data which was used was secondary data which was obtained by using literature review data collecting technique, the next was analyzed by doing law interpretation systematically. Systematic means by making classifications toward those written law materials to ease analysis and construction works. The results of this study showed the differences between Production Sharing Contract and Gross Split were that in Gross split has no longer familiar with cost recovery and base split in gross split were 57%:43% for oil production and 52%:48% for natural gas production. Moreover, in Gross split there was no First Tranche Petroleum and inside Gross Split there were variable components and progressive components to the additional of contractor split. Beside that, the authority of SKK Migas in the post implementation of Gross Split was changed in their orientations into focusing on exploration production, security, work safety, domestic component,even human resources matter. The second, Gross Split could give and increase oil and gas investmentclimate in Indonesia because it was more profitable than PSC. This was showed from Internal Rate of Return (IRR) Gross Split which bigger than PSC (Gross Split 28,8%, PSC 24,8%) if the contractor is efficient in operating and managing faster time than Production Sharing Contract, but the government needs to make a rule in Gross Split become Government Regulations and make easier the permission so that it can optimize oil and gas investment situation in Indonesia.</p><p>Key words: product sharing contract; gross split; implication; investment.</p><p>Abstrak<br />Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan antara Kontrak Bagi Hasil (Product Sharing Contract) dan Kontrak Bagi Hasil Gross Split serta akibat yang ditimbulkan di bidang investasi atas perubahan Kontrak Bagi Hasil (Product Sharing Contract) ke Kontrak Bagi Hasil Gross Split. Kajian ini didasarkan atas  hasil  kajian  hukum  normatif  yang  bersifat  deskriptif.  Jenis  data  yang  digunakan  berupa  data sekunder yang diperoleh teknik pengumpulan data studi pustaka, yang selanjutnya dianalisis dengan melaksanakan penafsiran hukum secara sistematis. Sistemasi berarti, membuat klasifikasi terhadap bahan-bahan hukum tertulis tersebut, untuk memudahkan kerjaan analisa dan konstruksi. Hasil dari kajian ini menunjukkan perbedaan antara Production Sharing Contract dengan Gross Split adalah dalam Gross Split sudah tidak mengenal cost recovery dan base split dalam gross split adalah 57%:43% untuk produksi minyak dan 52%:48% untuk produksi gas bumi. Selain itu di dalam Gross Split sudah tidak ada lagi First Tranche Petroleum, dan di dalam Gross Split terdapat komponen variabel dan komponen progresif untuk tambahan split kontraktor. Selain itu kewenangan SKK Migas pasca penerapan Gross Split berubah orientasinya menjadi fokus pada produksi eksplorasi, keamanan, dan keselamatan kerja, Tingkat Komponen Dalam Negeri (TKDN), hingga persoalan sumber daya manusia. Yang kedua, Gross Split dapat memberikan iklim investasi migas di Indonesia meningkat karena lebih menguntungkan dari PSC. Hal ini terlihat dari Internal Rate of Return (IRR) Gross Split yang lebih besar yakni sebesar 28,8% daripada PSC yang hanya 24,8% jika kontraktor dapat efisien dalam beroperasi dan efisiensi waktu yang <br />lebih cepat daripada Production Sharing Contract, namun pemerintah perlu membuat aturan Gross Split  menjadi Peraturan Pemerintah dan lebih mempermudah perizinan agar dapat mengoptimalkan suasana investasi migas di Indonesia.</p><p>Kata Kunci: kontrak bagi hasil; kontrak bagi hasil gross split; implikasi; investasi.</p>

scholarly journals Government Discretion of the Regional Election Implementation During Covid-19 Pandemic Through Technology Utilitization

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-524
Author(s):  
Dani Habibi ◽  
Danang Ari Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
The People ◽  
Election System ◽  
Right To Vote ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Regional Elections

The simultaneous regional elections held in 2020 in Indonesia encountered a problem. The constraints experienced are not due to a lack of supply materials for the elections or the absence of regulations on the regional elections, but to a condition experienced by the whole world, namely the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. This research is included in normative research with a statutory and conceptual approach. This research aims to formulate the discretion that the government must carry out so that simultaneous regional elections are still carried out as a form of legal protection for the people regarding the right to vote and be elected in simultaneous regional elections, namely elections electronically with the use of technology and then the authors analyse and reconstruct Law Number 6 of 2020 concerning the simultaneous regional elections to formulate rules regarding the existence of an electronic election system to minimize the occurrence of population mobilization.

scholarly journals Land Acquisition for Public Interests: A Review from the Human Rights Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Yesi Nurmantiyas Sari ◽  
Rizal Nugroho ◽  
Al Khanif
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

Land acquisition for public purposes is an activity intended for the public interest that uses community land. To be able to carry out development in the public interest, the government uses state land. If state land is not sufficient or cannot maximize development, the government can use land from individuals or groups by carrying out the land acquisition. In implementing land acquisition, the land acquisition team must pay attention to the rights of the people affected by land acquisition. Irregularities that often occur in the implementation of land acquisition are related to discrimination, intimidation, and violence. These rights are included in human rights, which must be upheld and protected because this is closely related to property rights. Human rights give an understanding that the right to own something is the right of every citizen, including the right to own land is one of the human rights inherent in each person per person in groups. While property rights must not be taken arbitrarily and against the law, such matters are regulated in Article 28H of the 1945 Constitution. This paper concludes that the construction activities of the New Yogyakarta International Airport (NYIA) carried out violated human rights; this is because the land acquisition team has committed violence, discrimination, and violence against the people affected by land acquisition. The form of legal protection provided by the government is proper compensation. 

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