PENAMBAHAN SERAT TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT (TKKS) DALAM RANGKA MEREDUKSI BERAT KOMPOSIT PAPAN SEMEN

ROTOR ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Tarkono - Tarkono ◽  
Hadi - Ali
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Marble Powder ◽  
Technical Material ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Cement Board

Inventories of oil palm empty fruit bunches palm (EFBP) at oil palm factories are very abundant. This will be a problem if the handling is not serious. Utilization of EFBP fiber as a technical material is one effort that can be done in order to help reduce the problem of EFBP waste in palm oil mill. EFBP fibers as the substance of fibrous cement board aims to reduce to the weight of the material without lowering its strength. The method of making fibrous cement board by mixing EFBP fiber into dough with 12% marble powder ratio, 10% CaCO3 powder and EFBP fiber volume and portland cement are varied. The addition of EFBP fibers as much as 16% of the total volume can decrease the weight by 15.2%. The results showed that the cement board based on EFBP fibers under optimum conditions has a tensile strength of 1.58 Mpa, density (ρ) of 1519 k g / cm3 and bending strength of 2.61 MPa. Thus, the addition of EFBP fiber to the production of cement board has the potential to be mass produced Keywords : cement board , fibre, EFBP

APPLICATION OF OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH FIBERS IN STRENGTH IMPROVEMENT AS A FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-170
Author(s):  
Henny Lydiasari ◽  
Ari Yusman Manalu ◽  
Rahmi Karolina
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Crack Length ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Structural Concrete ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Construction Products ◽  
By Products ◽  
Strength Improvement

The potency of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) fibers as one of the by-products of processing oil palm is increasing significantly so that proper management is needed in reducing environmental impact. One of the utilization of OPEFB fibers is as a substitution material in construction which usually the material is derived from non-renewable mining materials so that the number is increasingly limited. Therefore, it is necessary to study to know the performance of OPEFB fiber in making construction products especially concrete. In this case, the experiment was conducted using experimental method with variation of fiber addition by 0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%. Each specimen was tested by weight, slump value, compressive strength, tensile strength, elasticity and crack length. As the results, the variation of fibers addition by 10%, decrease of slump value is 7%, concrete weight is 3% and crack length is 8% while increase of the compressive strength is 2.7% and the modulus of elasticity is 33.3% but its tensile strength decreased insignificantly by 0.05% . Furthermore, the addition of fibers above 10% to 30% decreased compressive strength is still below 10% and tensile strength below 2% while the weight of concrete, slump value and crack length decreased. Therefore, the addition of 10% can replace the performance of concrete without fiber but the addition of above 10% can still be used on non-structural concrete.

scholarly journals Flammability, Tensile, and Morphological Properties of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Fiber/Pet Yarn-Reinforced Epoxy Fire Retardant Hybrid Polymer Composites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1282
Author(s):  
M.J. Suriani ◽  
Fathin Sakinah Mohd Radzi ◽  
R.A. Ilyas ◽  
Michal Petrů ◽  
S.M. Sapuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Hybrid Polymer ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Fiber Loading ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) fiber is a natural fiber that possesses many advantages, such as biodegradability, eco-friendly, and renewable nature. The effect of the OPEFB fiber loading reinforced fire retardant epoxy composites on flammability and tensile properties of the polymer biocomposites were investigated. The tests were carried out with four parameters, which were specimen A (constant), specimen B (20% of fiber), specimen C (35% of fiber), and specimen D (50% of fiber). The PET yarn and magnesium hydroxide were used as the reinforcement material and fire retardant agent, respectively. The results were obtained from several tests, which were the horizontal burning test, tensile test, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The result for the burning test showed that specimen B exhibited better flammability properties, which had the lowest average burning rate (11.47 mm/min). From the tensile strength, specimen A revealed the highest value of 10.79 N/mm2. For the SEM morphological test, increasing defects on the surface ruptured were observed that resulted in decreased tensile properties of the composites. It can be summarized that the flammability and tensile properties of OPEFB fiber reinforced fire retardant epoxy composites were reduced when the fiber volume contents were increased at the optimal loading of 20%, with the values of 11.47 mm/min and 4.29 KPa, respectively.

Evaluation of Aerobic and Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Tetraselmis suecica and Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches by Response Surface Methodology

2014 ◽  
Vol 925 ◽  
pp. 243-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashfaq Ahmad ◽  
Syed Muhammad Usman Shah ◽  
Azizul Buang ◽  
Mohd Fariduddin Othman ◽  
Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Tetraselmis Suecica ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Order Polynomial ◽  
Biomethane Production ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

This study investigated co-cultivation of Tetraselmis suecica microalgae with Oil Palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) for anaerobic biomethane production and Palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment. The highest specific biogas production (0.1162 m3 kg-1 COD day-1) and biomethane yield (3900.8 mL CH4 L-1 POME day-1) was achieved with microalgae at 2 mL mL-1 POME, and OPEFB at 0.12 g mL-1 POME. Without co-digestion of microalgae, higher specific biogas production (0.1269 m3 kg-1 COD day-1) but lower biomethane yield (3641.8 mL CH4 L-1 POME day-1) were observed. Second order polynomial model fits the data well with less than 5% error. Higher removal efficiency (62-95%) of COD, BOD, TOC and TN were achieved by aerobic and anaerobic treatment of POME with microalgae than without microalgal treatment after 3 and 7 days of hydraulic retention time (HRT).

scholarly journals PEMBUATAN SELULOSA ASETAT DARI α -SELULOSA TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Roganda L Lumban Gaol ◽  
Roganda Sitorus ◽  
Yanthi S ◽  
Indra Surya ◽  
Renita Manurung
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Glacial Acetic Acid ◽  
Acid Anhydride ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Last Stage ◽  
Cellulose Materials

Utilization of empty fruit bunches of oil palm in Indonesia is still very low, so it should be developed further. One of them by researching the manufacture of cellulose acetate from oil palm empty fruit bunches. The process used in this study is the cellanase with α-cellulose materials. Stages reaction is activation, acetylation, hydrolysis, neutralization and drying. Activation in thethree-neck flask with the addition of 50 ml of glacial acetic acid and stirredfor 3 hour,then added 15 ml of acetic acid anhydride as acetylation agent. Acetylation performed with the variation of time, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5 hours.  In the hydrolysis step, add 2 ml of water and5 ml of glacial acetic acid. The reaction lasted for 30 minutes, then added 1 g of sodium acetate for neutralization, neutralization lasts for 5 minutes.  Then do the washing up to the smell of acetic acid is lost, and the last stage is the drying is done with a temperature below 50 oC.  The resulting products are then analyzed the degree of substitution, melting point, and then carried out FTIR analysis.  The results obtained when the optimum conditions for the acetylation reaction is 2.5 - 3 hours.

scholarly journals Review Journal Thermodynamics Carbon Active Adsorption Empty Fruit bunch of Heavy Metal from Liquid Waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Kurnia Sandi ◽  
Ricky Andi Syahputra ◽  
Moondra Zubir
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Batch Method ◽  
Constant Weight ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Layer Adsorption ◽  
Metal Absorption

Research on metal adsorption isotherms with activated carbon oil palm empty fruit bunches in liquid waste. Oil palm empty fruit bunches are used as adsorbent for metal absorption. Oil palm empty fruit bunches are prepared at 105O C for 24 hours to get a constant weight then are characterized by SEM. Oil palm empty fruit bunches are heated at temperatures (400O C – 700O C) to get activated carbon. Re-characterization using SEM at optimum conditions shows that the pore surface is expanding. Then with a batch method for metal absorption (Cu, Pb, Hg) and analyzed using AAS. The most common absorption of activated carbon of oil palm empty fruit bunches is Cu (II). Based on the Langmuir and Freundlich R2 models close to 1, which means that multi-layer adsorption occurs.

scholarly journals Determination of Tensile Properties for Twisted Fibre Bundles of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch at Different Diameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
Nik N. Nasri ◽  
Nazmi M. Nawi ◽  
Azhari S. Baharuddin ◽  
Saripa M. Lazim
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Fibre Bundle ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Tensile Load ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Different Diameters

The potential use of natural fibre extracted from oil palm empty fruit bunches has gained wide attention among researchers. This natural fibre comes from fibrous strands which form fibre bundle after shredding process at a mill. The measurement of tensile properties is important to understand the mechanical performance of this fibre bundle. This study was undertaken to determine the tensile properties of the fibre bundle from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB). Fibrous strands of the OPEFB extracted from shredded empty fruit bunches were twisted to form fibre bundle specimens at different diameters varying from 1 to 5 mm. The tensile properties measured in this study including tensile strength, tensile load and tensile modulus. The measurements were performed using Instron Universal Test Machine (IUTM) model 5000. From the results, it was found that the specimens at 1 and 5 mm in diameter required 71.25 and 429.68 N of the tensile load to break, respectively. The specimen with 1 mm in diameter recorded the highest tensile strength of 90.72 MPa while the specimen with 5 mm in diameter recorded only 21.88 MPa. The highest tensile modulus with value of 662.50 MPa was obtained from the specimen with 1 mm in diameter while the specimen with 5 mm in diameter had the tensile modulus value of 157.47 MPa. It was also found that the tensile strength and tensile modulus decreased when the diameter of the specimens increased. The findings reported in this study can serve as an engineering basis for the design specification in the development of the future in-silo composting machine.

Optimum conditions for maximising pyrolysis liquids of oil palm empty fruit bunches

Energy ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 2352-2359 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Sulaiman ◽  
N. Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Pyrolysis Liquids

scholarly journals Thermoplastic Cassava Starch-PVA Composite Films with Cellulose Nanofibers from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches as Reinforcement Agent

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Fahma ◽  
Sugiarto ◽  
Titi Candra Sunarti ◽  
Sabrina Manora Indriyani ◽  
Nurmalisa Lisdayana
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Water Vapor Transmission Rate ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Water Vapor Transmission

Thermoplastic starch-polyvinyl alcohol composite films were prepared by casting method with cellulose nanofibers as reinforcement agent and glycerol as plasticizer. The obtained cellulose nanofibers with a diameter of 27.23±8.21 nm were isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFBs) by mechanical treatment. The addition of cellulose nanofibers until 3 wt% increased tensile strength and crystallinity of the composite films. In contrast, it decreased their elongation at break and water vapor transmission rate. Meanwhile, the addition of glycerol increased elongation at break and water vapor transmission rate of film matrix but lowers tensile strength of composite films.

scholarly journals Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Papan Semen dari Serat Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (The Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cement Board Made from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Fibers)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djoko Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Screw Withdrawal ◽  
Cement Board

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) fiber were industrial waste that has not been widely used by the community, only stacked and cause odors that interfere with the surrounding environment. This research studied the utilization of OPEFB fiber for cement board products using cement as resin and CaCl2 as accelerator. Laboratory scale cement board made from OPEFB fiber were mixed with cement, and CaCl2. The composition of fiber and cement were 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, and CaCl2 variations were 0%, 1% and 3%. A mixture of fibers, cement and CaCl2 was compressed at the pressure of 4 ton for 24 hours. The cement boards were tested for physical and mechanical properties according to JIS A 5417-1992, and the results were compared to the requirements of the cement board JIS A 5417-1992. Cement board made from fiber and cement composition 1:1.5 and CaCl2 content 3% produced moisture content, thickness swelling, water absorption, density, modulus of rupture/MOR, modulus of elasticity/MOE and screw withdrawal strength that met the requirement of JIS A 5417-1992. The composition of fiber and cement and the variations of CaCl2 content produced significant effect on water content, water absorption, thickness swelling, modulus of rupture/MOR, modulus of elasticity/MOE and screw withdrawal strength on cement boards.Keywords : oil palm empty fruit bunches fiber, cement boards, physical and mechanical properties

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