ANALISA PERFORMA DAN KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR PADA MESIN 4-TAK 113CC MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN BAKAR CAMPURAN PREMIUM DAN ETHANOL

The use of a fuel mixture of gasoline and ethanol can reduce the PM2.5 (Particulate Matter) value in the air by 0.3-0.4 µg m-3. This research aims to see the performance of a 4-stroke engine 113cc in standard conditions using a mixture of premium and ethanol. This research learns 5 types of mixture, E0, E10, E15, E20, and E25. The fuels was tested at 5 engine speed 4000, 4500, 5000, 5500, and 6000 rpm, at prony brake dynamometer to measuring performance, fuel consumption and Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC). The results of research show that the highest torque and power is the E15 mixture, that is 8.90 Nm at 5500 rpm and the power obtained is 5.529 kW at 6000 rpm. Meanwhile, the lowest fuel consumption value is found in the E10 with a value of 169.78 gr/hour at 4500 rpm. The lowest SFC value of all fuels is the E15 at 5000 rpm on 27.565 gr/kW.h. This is the lowest of any other fuel, because the Research Octane Number value is following the compression ratio of the engine, so there is no delay in ignition symptoms that occur during the combustion system. The viscosity value also contributes to the difference in data.

ANALISIS OVERALL EQUIPMENT EFFECTIVENESS (OEE) PADA MESIN CNC CUTTING

PT PAL Indonesia (Persero) is one of the state-owned industries and manufactures engaged in the maritime sector. This company has production equipment complete enough to carry out its production of ship components. There is a problem in this machine, it can be seen by the frequency of damage that occurs to machines or equipment due to the damage so that the production target is sometimes not achieved. Another consequence caused by damage to machines or equipment is in terms of the quality of the resulting product, where products that do not comply with quality standards will be reprocessed. Increasing production efficiency at this company is to measure the effectiveness of CNC Cutting machines using the OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) method. The results of this study suggest that the company should pay more attention to factors of use of production time, work according to standards, operator knowledge, and maintenance of machines. By paying attention to these factors, it is expected that the company's productivity will increase and the production process will run effectively and efficiently.

RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENGASAPAN IKAN DENGAN SIRKULASI ASAP TERSEBAR MERATA

The processing of smoked fish that is carried out by the XIII Koto Kampar community is still relatively simple, the weaknesses caused by traditional fish smoked include the appearance of being less attractive (partially charred) difficult temperature control and polluting the air. In this research, a fish smoking system was designed using and oven model with a separate combustion chamber, the smoke is flowed through a pipe equipped with a filter and piping design to circulate the smoke evenly to the smoke cabinet. Retrieval of test data in the form of; Efficiency of smoking time by measuring temperature on each shelf and air humidity (RH) in the fumigation chamber, taking proximate content test data to determine moisture, ash, protein and fat content. Temperature testing for 480 minutes while maintaining the temperature between 30-40 ◦C. Humidity at 55% during the curing process and moisture content from 65-48%.

KARAKTERISASI KEKERASAN DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO BAJA AISI 410 PADA PROSES TEMPERING DENGAN VARIASI MEDIA PENDINGIN

In AISI 410 steel, the characteristic changes observed in this study were the value of hardness, and microstructure shape. Material samples heated on temperature 9000C and held for 45 minutes, with cooling medium variation used are water, used oil, and SAE 20W-50 oil. In the process, tempering the material sample returns heated on 3000C and held for 15 minutes, then cooled in the room open. The results showed that the microstructure formed in AISI 410 steel after heat treatment is martensite lath, ferrite and austenite. From the results has been obtained, that the quenching process with a variety of cooling media used and followed by the tempering process can affect the shape of the microstructure of AISI 410 steel, changes that occur are increase in the hardness value of the material. The results showed that the sample quenching water had the highest hardness is 378 HV, followed by quenching of SAE 20W-50 oil and used oil with grades of 377 and 362 HV, respectively. The increase in hardness value occurs due to changes in the micro structure that occur due to the heat treatment process. The increase in the value of hardness that occurred in the material was 143.7%.

RANCANG BANGUN SIMULATOR SISTEM TREATMENT BAHAN BAKAR BIODISEL B20 PADA TANKI INDUK BAHAN BAKAR KRI YOS SUDARSO

Biodiesel B20 is a mixture of 80% fossil diesel fuel and 20% biofuel. When using B20, the fuel has problems in the form of jelly or mud deposition, so it needs to be overcome by treatment. The treatment that is used today uses a circulation pump but has shortcomings and is not efficient so it needs to be modified using a stirrer. In this research, an analysis of the stirrer treatment using ANSYS software simulation method was carried out to determine the change of sediment before and after stirring, with stirring speed 150 rpm. The use of a stirrer simulation is to make 2 simulation models in the main tank as the largest volume and the daily tank as the smallest volume aims to determine the differences in the results of stirring in the largest and smallest tank.. At the time of stirring, the result is a decrease in sediment from 0 minutes to 4 minutes, then 4 minutes to 8 minutes, then 8 minutes to 12 minutes, then 12 minutes to 16 minutes, then 16 minutes to 20 minutes the fuel has decreased very much and the sediment is almost gone. When stirring is carried out for 20 minutes, the sediment in the fuel tank has not reached 0% so it needs to be stirred continuously until the deposit is 0%. After the fuel has not settled, the fuel is transferred to the main engine using a transfer pump.

KAJIAN EMISI DAN KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR DALAM PENGGUNAAN CAMPURAN BAHAN BAKAR BIOSOLAR PADA KENDARAAN PENUMPANG

Research has been conducted to determne the effect of using biodiesesl on emission and fuel efficiencyin diesel engine vehicle. Testing was conducted on vehicle 2500 cc fuelled with 2 base fuel of diesel fuel 48 and diesel fuel Euro4 standard in which both of base fuel was blended with biofuel in form of FAME and HVO with ratio of 30% (B30). Test method was using United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, yakni UN ECE R83 and R10. The results showed the addition of 30% FAME and 30% HVO in petrodiesel and diesel fuel 48, was able to reduce CO and HC emissions. While for NOx emissions there has not been a significant change. The addition of FAME to both base fuels was able to reduce particulate emissions, but conversely with the addition of HVO, particulate emissions were higher. The addition of FAME and HVO to petrodiesel has not been able to save fuel consumption, instead there was a slight increase of 0.1% for FAME and 0.5% HVO. Meanwhile for diesel fuel 48 the addition of FAME is more economical around 5.5%, while the addition of HVO is a little extravagant around 1.8%.%.

KARAKTERISTIK SPRAY BAHAN BAKAR CAMPURAN MINYAK DIESEL DAN BIODIESEL CALLOPHYLLUM INOPHYLLUM

The characteristic of spray largely determines of combustion quality. Before testing the fuel of diesel engine, characteristic of spray is needed to know. Biodiesel made from nyamplung seeds (callophyllum inophylum) mixed with diesel oil for spray characteristics test. The research was conducted at 1 atm ambient pressure, 15 MPa injection pressure. The fuel used Oil diesel added biodiesel variation B0, B20, B30, dan B100. The fuel mixture sprayed by nozzle tester and recorded using a 480 fps camera at 224x168 resolution to cognize spray tip penetration and spray angle. The result of research showing viscosity of fuel mixture has huge impact on spray characteristic. At high viscosity, longer spray tip penetration longer and smaller spray angle. Its affects the homogeneity of the mixture of fuel and the air. Keywords: spray characteristic, biodiesel, callophyllum inophylum

PENGARUH PARAMETER SPRAY GUN TERHADAP KEKILAPAN PADA PELAPISAN BAJA KARBON RENDAH (ST37)

Two purposes of painting of the automobile body, i.e. protection and aesthetic. For the aesthetic one, scientifically measured its glossiness. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of painting parameters using a spray to its glossiness. Three parameters varied were: (i) comparison of paint composition and thinner (1:1.2; 1:1.4 and 1:1.6), (ii) spraying distance (110 mm, 130 mm and 150 mm), and air pressure (3.5 bar; 4.5 bar and 5.5 bar, while the glossiness measured in gloss unit (GU) using a gloss meter. The experimental design method used was the response surface method with Box-Behnken design. A series of tests were carried out prior to ANOVA and optimization with Minitab: (i) lack of fit test, (ii) simultaneous parameter test, (iii) the coefficient of determination test, (iv) identical test, (v) independent test and (vi) normal distribution test. Out of three parameters, the most influential one is composition with a coefficient of mathematical equation of 6.592. In this study, the highest value in the 10th trial was 57.3 GU which was occurred when the parameters used were: distance of 130 mm, composition 1: 1.6 and pressure 3.5 bar. On the contrary, the smallest value GU in the 7th experiment was 35 GU with a distance of 110 mm, composition 1:1.4 and pressure 5.5 bar. From processing data using Minitab, the maximum gloss value was 58.76 GU with distance 116.86 mm, composition 1: 1.6 and pressure 3.5 bar. Keywords: painting, Box-Behnken design, gloss meter

SIMULASI LENSA GRATING TERHADAP EFISIENSI DIFRAKSI GRATING PADA SISTEM PEMISAH CAHAYA SPEKTRAL CONCENTRATED PHOTOVOLTAIC/THERMAL

A spectral beam splitting concentrated photovoltaic/thermal (SBS CPVT) system is a new technology in PV areas . In order to split the sunlight, the grating lens is used in this study. The tool of this study is G-Solver software which simulates the diffraction efficiency of visible light and infrared light of the blazed and binary grating lens. The aim of this paper is to analyze the potential of the diffraction efficiency of grating lens when applied in SBS CPVT. The result show that binary grating, the highest diffraction efficiency for the visible light is also almost unchanged for the aspect ratio from 1.4 to 2, but the peak wavelength shift from around 360 nm to 510 nm, while, for IR light, the diffraction efficiency decrease from aspect ratio 1.4 to 2. On the other hand, blazed grating, The highest diffraction efficiency for the visible light is almost unchanged for the aspect ratio from 1.4 to 2, but the peak wavelengths shift from around 350 nm to 500 nm. While IR light, the diffraction efficiency decrease with the aspect ratio 1.4 to 2

UNJUK KERJA COOL BOX BERBASIS THERMOELEKTRIK COOLER DENGAN SINGLE DAN MULTI-STAGE TERMOELEKTRIK

Thermoelectric technology works by converting thermal energy into electricity directly or preferably. Thermoelectric technology works by converting thermal energy into electricity directly or preferably. Theuse of thermoelectric as a cooler in cool box systems has been extensively studied. The thermoelectric cool ability can be achieved depending on the design of a good system. Therefore, this study aims to determine the performance of thermoelectric cooler cool box based on single and multi stage. Tests carried out using cool boxes of dimensions of 31 cm x 19 cm x 24 cm witha thickness of 3 cm and with the TEC1 12706 module. The voltage used in each configuration is 12 Volts. Temperature data readings on laptops using DAQNavi_SDK data logger connected to type K thermocouples. The result showed the multi stage configuration reached a room temperature of around 19.3 oC and 21.8 oC for single stage. Meanwhile, the multi stage configuration COP value is 1.36 and with a single stage configuration is0.88. It can be concluded that the thermoelectric configuration has an influence on the performance of the cool box system. Keywords: Cool box, Thermoelectric module, Multi stage, single stage, COP