scholarly journals Kwestie prawne związane z rozwiązaniem zrzeszeń wolnomularskich w II Rzeczypospolitej

Prawo ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 187-201
Author(s):  
Józef Koredczuk
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Political System ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Political Views

Legal matters connected with the dissolution of Masonic associations in the Second Polish RepublicThe author presents abrief overview of the importance of Freemasons in the political life of the Second Polish Republic. He then discusses the background and circumstances of the issuance by the President of Poland of adecree dissolving Masonic associations on 22 November 1938. Next he carries out adetailed legal analysis of the document, comparing it to the bill on fighting Freemasonry submitted in parliament by the MP Wacław Budzyński. He concludes with reflections on fighting political views, especially of opposition groups, by means of instruments under criminal law. That such instruments are used is evidence, according to the author, of the weakness of the political system in agiven country.Rechtliche Aspekte der Auflösung der Freimaurerverbände in der Zweiten Polnischen RepublikDer Autor stellt in dem Beitrag zuerst eine kurze Charakteristik der Bedeutung der Freimaurer im politischen Leben der Zweiten Polnischen Republik dar. Dann bespricht er den Hintergrund und die Umstände der Herausgabe durch den Präsidenten der Polnischen Republik am 22.  November 1938 des Dekrets über die Auflösung der Freimaurerverbände. Danach kommt seine eingehende rechtliche Analyse, im Vergleich zu dem Projekt des Gesetzes über die Bekämpfung der Freimaurerei, das der Abgeordnete Wacław Budzyński dem Sejm vorgelegt hat. Die Überlegungen werden mit Reflexionen über die Bekämpfung politischer Ansichten, insbesondere der oppositionellen Gruppierungen, mit Hilfe strafrechtlicher Instrumente zusammengefasst. Werden diese Instrumente ergriffen, zeugt das nach Meinung des Autors von einer Schwäche des politischen Systems in dem gegebenen Staat.

scholarly journals Criminal Law And The Functioning Of The Political System: Philosophical And Political Approaches

2019 ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
I.V. Kozych
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Political System ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Science Literature

In the article the author studies the functioning of criminal policy as a component of the political system of society. It is determined that the political system of any society is characterized by the presence of certain mechanisms that guarantee its stability and viability. An important element of this mechanism is the system of socio­political principles and norms, as well as traditions, morals, ethics of political life. The political system also includes a communication mechanism that ensures the direct and feedback of social groups and members of society with political power. With their help, social contradictions and conflicts are solved, efforts of various social groups, organizations and movements are coordinated, social relations are harmonized, consensus is reached on values, goals and directions of social development. The author supports the positions in the philosophical and political science literature that the political system is a real socio-political phenomenon that performs certain functions in society.

Electoral system as a motivation to reforming political system- The Iraqi model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamall Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Political Reform ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Electoral Laws ◽  
The Masses

The flaws and major flaws in the political systems represent one of the main motives that push the political elite towards making fundamental reforms, especially if those reforms have become necessary matters so that: Postponing them or achieving them affects the survival of the system and the political entity. Thus, repair is an internal cumulative process. It is cumulative based on the accumulated experience of the historical experience of the same political elite that decided to carry out reforms, and it is also an internal process because the decision to reform comes from the political elite that run the political process. There is no doubt that one means of political reform is to push the masses towards participation in political life. Changing the electoral system, through electoral laws issued by the legislative establishment, may be the beginning of political reform (or vice versa), taking into account the uncertainty of the political process, especially in societies that suffer from the decline of democratic values, represented by the processes of election from one cycle to another. Based on the foregoing, this paper seeks to analyze the relationship between the Electoral and political system, in particular, tracking and studying the Iraqi experience from the first parliamentary session until the issuance of the Election Law No. (9) for the year (2020).

scholarly journals The Nature and Practices of Social Justice in the View of Sayyid Qutb

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
ASYRAF HJ. AB. RAHMAN
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Political System ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Human Situation ◽  
Sayyid Qutb ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Alternative Solutions

This paper discusses the nature of social justice as enunciated by Sayyid Qutb, an Egyptian prominent scholar in the 1960s. Failure of the political system, economic disparity, coupled with the British interference in many aspects of Egyptian socio-political life led to the so called ‘Egyptian disillusionment’ with the existing problems facing their country. Qutb’s notion of social justice is all embracing; spiritual and material life, and is not merely limited to economic justice. Together with other Egyptian intellectuals like Najib Mahfuz, Muhammad al-Ghazali, and Imad al-Din Abd al-Hamid, Sayyid Qutb managed to propose some alternative solutions in the form of writings including that of books and journal articles. Some major issues discussed in Sayyid Qutb’s works:’al-Adalah al-Ijtimaiiyah fil Islam, Ma’rakat al-Islam wal Ra’samaliyyah and his article al-Fikr al-Jadid, will then be analyzed as to see their importance in articulating some social solutions in a practical and realistic manner, in true accord both with the spirit of Islam and the contemporary human situation.  

Politicians, Judges, and the Charter

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-238
Author(s):  
L.W. Sumner
Keyword(s):  
Judicial Review ◽  
Political System ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
The Political ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Democratic Process ◽  
Political Views ◽  
Political Right

The complaint is a familiar one: unelected, politically unaccountable judges are using their powers of judicial review to subvert the democratic process by shaping public policy in accordance with their own personal moral/political views. It is tempting to dismiss this complaint as the grumbling of those, usually (though not invariably) on the political right, who have been disaffected by court decisions with which they personally disagree. But this temptation must be resisted, since the critics of judicial review, such as Jeremy Waldron, raise important issues about the role of judges in a democratic political system. In his recent book A Common Law Theory of Judicial Review, Wil Waluchow responds to the critics' arguments. This Critical Notice outlines his response and assesses its adequacy.

The Fragility of Power

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Rebeggiani
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Imperial Rome ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
Political Views ◽  
The Veil ◽  
Intellectual Activities

A new reading of Statius’ main poem and its relationship with the cultural and political life at Rome under Domitian is given. This book studies in detail the poem’s view of power and its interaction with historical contexts. Written under Domitian and in the aftermath of the civil war of 69 CE, the Thebaid uses the veil of myth to reflect on the political reality of Imperial Rome. The poem presents itself to its audience and to the emperor as a lesson on effective kingship and a warning on the fragility of power. Rooted in a pessimistic view of human beings and human relationships, the Thebaid reflects on the harsh necessity of monarchical power as the only antidote to a world always on the verge of returning to chaos. In the absence of the gods, the fate of human communities lies in the hands of the individuals in power. Although humans, and especially kings, are fragile and often the prey of irrational passions, the Thebaid expresses the hope that an illuminated sovereign endowed with clementia [mercy] may offer a solution to the political crisis of the Roman Empire. Statius’ narrative also responds to Domitian’s problematic interaction with Nero, whom Domitian regarded as both a negative model and a source of inspiration. This book shows that the Thebaid is particularly close to the intellectual activities and political views formulated by groups of Roman aristocrats who survived Nero’s repression and that the poem is influenced by an initial phase in Domitian’s regime characterized by a positive relationship between the emperor and the Roman elite.

Modern Polities in Thailand

1962 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-182
Author(s):  
Frank C. Darling
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Military Officers ◽  
Constitutional Democracy ◽  
Military Leader ◽  
Present Trend ◽  
The Government ◽  
Constitutional Regime

The seizure of the government by Field Marshal Sarit Thanarat in September, 1957, was more than the assumption of political power by another military leader in Thailand, and the overthrow of the former regime headed by Field Marshal Phibun Songkhram marked a definite turning point in the evolution of the Thai political system. After experimenting with constitutional democracy for almost twenty-five years, Thailand turned to a new form of political rule. The purpose of this article is to survey briefly the development of the Thai political system since the beginning of the constitutional regime in June, 1932, and to assess the present trend of the Sarit government in a country where military officers have long played a pre-eminent role in the political life of the nation.

The Polish Crisis and Myrdal's Model of Circular Causation

1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Tarkowski
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Mass Public ◽  
Structural Nature ◽  
Intractable Problems ◽  
Transient Feature ◽  
Economic Underdevelopment ◽  
Polish Crisis

After analysing the structural nature of the Polish crisis, Myrdal's model of economic underdevelopment as due to a self-reinforcing rather than self-correcting social process is applied to Poland. Poland's cumulative backwardness is a permanent rather than a transient feature of her economic, administrative and political life and affects the mass public as well as the leaders and middle-rank officials. Many of those who seek reforms do not support the political system, while many who support the political system do not favour reform. The predicament of how to break the vicious circle of self-perpetuating backwardness poses intractable problems for the reformers.

Ideological Correlates of Right Wing Political Alienation in Mexico

1965 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 656-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth F. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Political Alienation ◽  
Partido Revolucionario Institucional ◽  
Popular Appeal ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
Political Groups

Evaluations of single-party democracy in Mexico have yielded a substantial literature from the researches of contemporary scholars. Their primary subjects of treatment have been the institutionalized agents of moderation and compromise that have made Mexico one of Latin America's more stable political systems. In prosecuting these studies, however, only scant attention has been given to political groups outside the officially sanctioned “revolutionary famity” of the Partido Revolucionario Institucional. The PRI has maintained a virtual monopoly of elective and appointive offices since 1929 and traditionally has been thought of as affiliating to itself the only politically relevant groups in Mexico.Modern Mexican political life has always had its “out groups” and splinter parties. Mostly, they have come and gone, leaving little or no impact upon the political system which they have attempted to influence. Howard Cline has contended that opposition groups in Mexico find it impossible to woo the electorate away from the PRI and thus feel forced to adopt demagoguery and other extreme postures which serve only to reduce their popular appeal.

scholarly journals The evolution of the criminal law protection of electoral rights in China

2021 ◽  
pp. 155-158
Author(s):  
Heng Zhou ◽  
Guanglong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Political System ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Regimes ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Second Period

In comparison with other crimes, the political system has had and still has a great infl uence on the essence and legal registration of crimes against electoral rights. After the 20s of the XX century, the protection of electoral rights by criminal law in China can be divided into two periods: 1) in the conditions of the same political regime-until the end of the 80s and 2) in the conditions of different political regimes-from the end of the 80s to the present. In the fi rst period, the institution of protection of electoral rights by the criminal law of China was borrowed from Soviet Russia. In the second period after the adoption of the Criminal Code (1997), Article 256 has not yet undergone any changes. Currently, there is no incentive in China to change and improve the electoral and criminal laws.

scholarly journals PATRIOTIC VALUE ORIENTATIONS OF KAZAKHSTAN'S YOUTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
V.H. Nabiyev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Political System ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Special Role ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
People Today

The article examines the problem of patriotism, which plays a special role in the political life of modern Kazakhstan. In fact, in all over the world, young people today are in very difficult socio- economic and political conditions, when their entry into life is accompanied by changing and peculiar processes of change not only political system or economic mechanisms of management. The change in the system of spiritual and moral values, guidelines and ideals of all citizens, especially young people, is impressive.

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