scholarly journals Wpływ ochotniczych straży pożarnych na  poziom kultury bezpieczeństwa  ekologicznego

Prawo ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 326 ◽  
pp. 209-219
Author(s):  
Maciej Gałęski ◽  
Elżbieta Lorenc-Mytnik

Influence of volunteer fire departments on  the  culture level of ecological safetyEcological safety is one of the fundamental types of safety. It is a  kind of safety in which every matter including man comes into direct contact at every moment of existence because it relates to the ecosystem. People are both creators and recipients of this safety. The subject matter therefore is about how we threaten the environment and about the ways in which the environment generates these threats. This is the reason why the principles of sustainable development are so pertinent in every human endevour. Unfortunately, man — the creator has been having an increasingly destructive influence causing a  mechanical feedback of threats that endanger man — the recipient. Under these premises, the cultural education of ecological safety is a  task of paramount importance. In the process of creating such a  culture local communities have an unquestionable importance and volunteer fire departments constitute an integral aspect in such communities. It should be noted that both legal and sociological conditions give VFD a  unique role which refers to the enormous potential of impact on the culture of ecological security. This applies in particular to the development of sensitivity, awareness and educational activities. It is worth emphasizing the fact that activities directed inwardly to a  given VFD automatically affect local society, as members of a  given VFD belong to the local community. External actions addressed to non members but to other people gain importance and effectiveness when cooperating with other entities of a  given local society. So the potential of Volunteer Fire Departments and their impact on the culture of ecological safety is undeniable. At the same time, however, it is “only” a  potential that needs to be transformed into concrete actions. What we are facing is an oppurtunity dependant on the readiness of man being the creator and recipient.

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Alice Haddad

How do undemocratic civic organizations become compatible with democratic civil society? How do local organizations merge older patriarchal, hierarchical values and practices with newer more egalitarian, democratic ones? This article tells the story of how volunteer fire departments have done this in Japan. Their transformation from centralized war instruments of an authoritarian regime to local community safety organizations of a full-fledged democracy did not happen overnight. A slow process of demographic and value changes helped the organizations adjust to more democratic social values and practices. The way in which these organizations have made the transition offers important lessons for emerging democracies around the world.


2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Degel ◽  
Sebastian Rachuba ◽  
Brigitte Werners ◽  
Lara Wiesche

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Cristiane Rosa Guedes ◽  
Bianca Del Ducca Alvarenga ◽  
Isabella Rotella ◽  
Débora Vitória Alexandrina Lisboa Vilella

RESUMOObjetivo: Identificar o significado para o enfermeiro em prestar cuidados para pacientes com Depressão.  Materiais e métodos: Estudo exploratório e descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, a amostra foi de 12 enfermeiras, o cenário de estudo foram Unidades Básicas de Saúde e Estratégias de Saúde da Família, urbanas da cidade de Itajubá-MG. A coleta de dados foi por meio do roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada composta por questionário contendo uma pergunta inerente ao assunto. Resultados: Encontramos oito categorias como estigma da depressão, suicídio, dificuldade em lidar, tempo escasso, envolvimento familiar, aceitação da doença, acolhimento e dar medicamento, de acordo com os discursos dos sujeitos coletados na entrevista. Conclusão: Os enfermeiros não estão em contato direto com portadores de depressão no seu trabalho, não entendem que é sua tarefa identificar e encaminha-los para tratamento especializado. Sugerimos que outros estudos sejam desenvolvidos sobre essa temática.Palavras-chave: Depressão. Relação Enfermeiro-Paciente. Assistência de Enfermagem. ABSTRACTObjective: To identify the meaning for nurses when providing care for patients with depression. Materials and Methods: exploratory and descriptive study with qualitative approach, the sample consisted of 12 nurses, the study scenario was the urban Unidades Básicas de Saúde e Estrategia de Saúde da Família, in the city of Itajubá. Data collection was done through semi-structured interview guides consisting of a questionnaire containing a question related to the subject. Results and Discussion: we found eight categories as stigma of depression, suicide, coping difficulties, scarce time, family involvement, acceptance of the disease, host and give medicine, according to the speeches of the subjects collected in the interview. Conclusion: nurses are not in direct contact with individuals with depression in their work, do not understand that it is their job to identify and refer them to specialized treatment. We suggest that other studies be developed on this theme.Keywords: Depression, Nurse-patient Relationship, Nursing care.


2015 ◽  
Vol 1092-1093 ◽  
pp. 1081-1086
Author(s):  
Zhao Yan Diao ◽  
De Rong Su ◽  
Shi Hai Lv ◽  
Zhi Rong Zheng ◽  
Sheng Xing Ye ◽  
...  

Based on TM remote sensing image and topographic map, the spatial information of landscape pattern was extracted in study areas in 1990, 2000 and 2010. With the principles and methods of landscape ecology, land use/cover change, ecosystem service values were selected to construct the ecological safety index which was used to quantitatively analyze the dynamic changes of landscape pattern and elucidated ecological safety status in study area. Result showed that During the 20 years from 1990 to 2010, as human factors interference increase, the farmland and construction land increased by 21.11% and 15.38% respectively, the grassland area is reduced by 27.57%.Cropland had an increased trend during the period of 1990 to 2010 period, The wood land and swamp land had an increased trend during the period of 1990 to 2000 area also, but reduced during from 2000 to 2010.From 1990 to 2010, the whole study area lied in the level of relatively safer, but the safe area was reduced the amount of 4967 ha during 2000 to 2010. The relatively safer land areas was increased first then reduced during the whole study period, the relatively non-safer level land and relatively safer level land areas were accounting for 10.81% and 2.92% of the total area respectively.


Author(s):  
Вячеслав Иванович Моисеев

В статье даётся краткий очерк антиномической природы биоэтического дискурса и возможностей его геометрической визуализации. Рассматриваются два варианта визуализации. Первый связан с представлением той или иной ситуации как системы полярностей, которая в свою очередь моделируется в рамках векторной модели. В простейшем случае тезис и антитезис рассматриваются как два перпендикулярных вектора, а синтез – как их векторная сумма. В этом случае можно ввести и более количественную оценку «меры многомерности» полярной системы – как величины проекции её векторного представления на суммарный вектор. С использованием этих конструкций разбирается один пример из биоэтики, связанный со столкновением принципов милосердия и правдивости (проблема «лжи во спасение»). Деяние (действие или бездействие) интерпретируется как своеобразный оператор на событиях, который переводит одни события в другие. Предполагается, что субъект в своих деяниях рассматривает различные возможности и выбирает те из них, которые максимизируют ту или иную ценностную меру субъекта, в данном случае – меру векторной проекции полярного вектора ситуации на суммарный вектор – вектор синтеза базисных полярностей. Второй вариант визуализации связан с понятием антиномий в биоэтике – таких противоречий, которые не являются формально-логическими ошибками. В отличие от последних, в антиномиях как тезис, так и антитезис имеют свой момент оправдания в рамках тех или иных условий. Используется также понятие «антинома» – логического субъекта антиномии, который предицируется тезисом и антитезисом антиномии. Редукции антиномии соответствуют двум крайним аспектам антинома, которые называются его «редуктами» – по аналогии с редукцией волновой функции в квантовой механике. Приводятся различные примеры антиномов: биоэты, глоболоки, холомеры. В биоэтах один редукт выражает в большей мере биологические (биоредукт), второй – этические (эторедукт) определения антинома. В глоболоках выделяются глобальный (глоборедукт) и локальный (локоредукт) виды редуктов: первый выражает более глобальные (универсальные) этические определения, второй – более локальные, связанные с ценностями и нормами того или иного сообщества. Наконец, холомеры – вид антиномов, где антиномически соединяются определения целого (холоредукт) и части (мероредукт). Даётся их интерпретация как многомерных ментальных объектов в некотором обобщённом пространстве, так что крайние их аспекты (редукции антиномии) можно представить как проекции более многомерного состояния. В заключении делается предположение о связи биоэтических проблем с идеей ментальной многомерности, что составляет основу возможной визуализации как интерпретации ментальной многомерности на векторном её представлении. The article provides a brief outline of the antinomic nature of bioethical discourse and the possibilities of its geometric visualization. Two visualization options are considered. The first is associated with the representation of a particular situation as a system of polarities, which in turn is modeled in the framework of a vector model. In the simplest case, the thesis and the antithesis are considered as two orthogonal vectors P1 and P2, and the synthesis is considered as their vector sum S = P1+P2. In this case, we can also introduce a more quantitative estimate of the “measure of multidimensionality” M(P) of the polar system – as the magnitude of the projection of its vector representation P on the sum vector S, i.e. M(P) = (P,es), where es = S/|S| is the unit vector of the vector S, and (P,es) is the scalar product of the vectors P and es. Using these constructs, the author analyzes one example from bioethics related to the clash of the principles of mercy and truthfulness (the problem of “lying for salvation”). An act (action or omission) is interpreted as a kind of an operator on events that transforms some events into others. It is assumed that the subject considers various possibilities in their actions and chooses those that maximize a particular value measure of the subject, in our case, the measure M(P) of the vector projection of the polar vector P of the situation on the sum vector S – the vector of synthesis of basic polarities. The second version of visualization is related to the concept of antinomies – such contradictions that are not formal logical errors – in bioethics. In contrast to errors, in antinomies, both the thesis and the antithesis have their moment of justification within the framework of certain conditions. The concept “antinome” is also used; it is the logical subject of antinomy, which is predicated by the thesis and the antithesis of antinomy. Antinomy reductions correspond to two extreme aspects of the antinome, which are called its “reducts” – by analogy with the reduction of the wave function in quantum mechanics. Various examples of antinomes are given: bioets, globolocs, and holomers. In bioets, one reduct expresses the biological (bioreduct) definition of the antinome, another the ethical (ethoreduct) one. In globolocs, global (globoreduct) and local (locoreduct) types of reducts are distinguished: the former expresses more global (universal) ethical definitions, the latter more local ones, related to the values and norms of a particular local community. Finally, holomers are a kind of antinomes in which the definitions of the whole (holoreduct) and the part (meroreduct) are antinomically connected. They are interpreted as multidimensional mental objects in some generalized space, so that their extreme aspects (antinomy reductions) can be represented as generalized projections of a more multidimensional state within certain constricted conditions (reduction intervals). In this case, it is possible to geometrically visualize such states as, for example, three-dimensional objects in space, through which antinomes can be modeled, and their reducts as two-dimensional projections of a three-dimensional body on certain projection planes (intervals of reducts). In this case, one of the central tasks of bioethics is to determine the boundaries of the demarcation of some intervals from others. For example, in solving the problem of abortion and the status of the human embryo, such a demarcation is expressed in the search for a time point that would separate the phase of a more biological definition (bioreduct) of the embryo from its more ethical state (ethoreduct). In conclusion, the author suggests that bioethical problems are connected with the idea of mental multidimensionality, which forms the basis of a possible visualization as an interpretation of mental multidimensionality in its vector representation.


2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-274
Author(s):  
Ichsan Habibi

Positive contributions and trends in the tourism sector on Bangka Island, especially in the Matras Tourism Village, need to receive appreciation and support from all stakeholders through the management of environmentally friendly and sustainable tourist objects / attractions. To realize this mission, it is necessary to do ecological propaganda (religious values ​​originating from the Qur'an and Hadith) that are in accordance with the sociocultural characteristics of society. This issue is the subject of discussion in this study, especially regarding the values ​​of ecological preaching implemented in the development program of the Mattress Tourism Village. For this reason, a descriptive-qualitative study was conducted by collecting purposive-snowball data from the sample. Furthermore, the collected data was analyzed descriptively-qualitatively so that the values ​​of ecological preaching that had been implemented were identified and the form and process of implementation by the Matras Tourism Village community. The findings show that there are five types of ecological preaching values ​​that have been implemented, namely al-Is (justice), al-Tawazun (balance), al-Intifa 'wa laa al-Fasad (taking benefits without damage), ar-Riayah wa laa al -Israf (nurturing without exaggeration), and al-Tahdits wa al-Istikhlaf (renewal). Unfortunately, the value of al-Tahdits wa al-Istikhlaf is still not optimal due to the quality of science and technology. However, the local community has become more aware and intelligent about the importance of ecological preaching values ​​in the development of Mattress Tourism Village. In the future, besides needing to intensify and harmonize the role of ulama and Umara, it must also be carried out to increase the capacity of religious institutions, knowledge and appropriate technology for program implementers, and to involve community participation in planning, implementing and evaluating the Matras Tourism Village development program.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-296
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman Widani ◽  
Wiya Suktiningsih

Abstract Banjar Tegal Gundul as tourist villages in the province of Bali, which visits by foreign and domestic tourists. Every years the number of foreign and domestic tourists to the Banjar Tegal Bald is increases. This situation makes the tourism sector as the main livelihood of local people. That's condition become the background of this research, they are: 1) to understand how to influence tourist entities to the English language skills of local people in Banjal Tegal Gundul and 2) how language attitude of local society towards English. The research uses the method of observation and questionnaire submitted to 24 respondents, who are local people as workers and business owners in the area. This study is found that the language functions used by local people to communicate with foreign tourists is: Greetings, Offering, asking for information, giving information, Saying Like, Giving an opinion, persuading, asking someone to do something, Accepting invitations, apologizing, persuading, and saying / returning thanks. The sentences are used in grammatical rules in English. The language attitudes towards English seen from the cogBanjar Tegal Gundul is one of the tourist villages in the village area of ​​Tibubeneng, North Kuta, Badung, Bali, which receives visits by foreign and domestic tourists. Every year the number of foreign and domestic tourist arrivals to the Banjar Tegal Gundul region has increased. The situation makes the tourism sector as the main livelihood of the local community Banjar Tegal Gundul. The situation is the background of this research, namely: 1) to find out how the influence of foreign tourist entities on the English language ability of local people in Banjar Tegal Gundul and 2) how the attitude of the local people's language towards English. The research uses the method of observation and distributes questionnaires to 24 respondents, who are local people as workers and business owners who are in the area of ​​the area. The step taken in this study is to analyze the language functions used by local people when communicating with foreign tourists. The results obtained in this study indicate that local people are able to communicate with foreign tourists, by using language functions such as: Greeting, Offering, asking for information, giving information, Saying Like, Giving opinion, persuading, asking someone to do something, Accepting invitation, apologizing, persuading, and saying / reply to thank. The sentences are used in accordance with grammatical rules in English. For language attitudes towards English seen from the cognitive, affective and conative components, showing positive language attitudes by local people towards English. That is because the equality of local people's thought orientation will benefit from English, for the livelihoods of local people, both in terms of workers or business owners in the Banjar Tegal Gundul region.


1989 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-724
Author(s):  
S. Tamm ◽  
S.L. Tamm

We describe the first example of bare ciliary axonemes existing outside eukaryotic cells. The axonemes run in longitudinal invaginations of the surface membrane of giant smooth muscle cells in ctenophores. No motility of the surface-associated axonemes has been detected in living muscles. The axonemes are truly extracellular and in direct contact with the extracellular matrix (mesoglea), as shown by the ultrastructural tracer horseradish peroxidase. The axonemes appear partially degraded and disorganized, and individual doublet microtubules are difficult to distinguish. Nevertheless, immunofluorescence microscopy shows that the axonemes retain antigenic sites reacting with mouse monoclonal anti-beta-tubulin. The origin of the extracellular axonemes is unknown: no attached basal bodies (extracellular or intracellular) have been found. The muscle-associated axonemes may play a unique role in smooth muscle function and/or development, and may be related to the evolution of muscle cells in soft-bodied invertebrates that exploit cilia for a wide variety of functions.


2021 ◽  
pp. 158-198
Author(s):  
Hud Hudson

This final chapter begins by articulating a particular conception of the virtue of obedience and detailing its four components—humility, restraint, response, and love—and by showing how they work together both to nurture an abiding and deeply seated pro-attitude towards uniting one’s will with God’s will and also to create and maintain a robust and stable set of dispositions aimed at succeeding in this aim. It then illustrates the virtue of obedience in action, discusses its relation to happiness, and remarks on the role of perseverance, the difficult mission of anyone who commits to acquiring and developing this virtue in life. A refinement to the objective-list theories of well-being (or flourishing) is then proposed, followed by a formulation and defense of a new objective-list theory that attempts to state the conditions of receptivity in a subject in addition to identifying the range of welfare goods in the world. The virtue of obedience, it is argued, is not only one among many welfare goods, but plays a unique role vis-à-vis the other goods on the list, insofar as it serves as the priming condition under which they can realize the full extent of their value in the subject in which they manifest. Finally, the most worrisome aspects of the views defended in this book are identified, sympathetically presented with force and fairness, and addressed.


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