scholarly journals An outline of a stereotype of a Catholic and Catholicism in a discourse of the radical Orthodox Church movement in modern Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 169-185
Author(s):  
Piotr Zemszał
Keyword(s):  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Confessional Identity

The paper is an attempt to compare a medieval stereotype of Catholics and Catholicism existing in Rus against a contemporary stereotype functioning in the radical Orthodox Church environment. The main source of the research material are publications available at the website Москва — Третий Рим (https://3rm.info/), which publishes and aggregates content generated by radical Orthodox Church circles. The starting point is an analysis of the image of Catholics presented in one of more important chronicles of medieval Rus, which was conducted by Marianna Andreitcheva. The text answers a question about the extent to which this image is preserved in a contemporary stereotype of Catholics and Catholicism found in a discourse of the contemporary ultra-radical Orthodox Church circles, based on a sense of confessional identity, similarly to the discourse of Ruthenian authors.

scholarly journals Phraseologismen im Bereich der Sexualität. Eine lexikographische Analyse an deutschen und polnischen Beispielen

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Lidzba ◽  
Krystian Suchorab
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Unwritten Law ◽  
Linguistic Means

People’s sex life is very often, if not always, taboo in everyday life. The theming of this area of life is made possible by various linguistic means that allow one to speak about this content. Phraseological units also serve this purpose. The starting point of this article is the definition of phrasemes according to Burger (2015:11): “Firstly, they [phraseologisms] consist of more than one word; secondly, the words are not put together for this one occasion, but are combinations of words that we, as German speakers, know exactly in this combination (possibly with variants), similar to how we know German words as individual items”. In addition, it is noteworthy that thanks to the characteristic of idiomaticity (cf. Fleischer 1982:30), this taboo is particularly reinforced. At the center of our analysis are phrasemes related to sex life. The research material was taken from German and Polish dictionaries. The purpose of the presentation is to create a typology of thematic areas which are characterized with the help of phrasemes relating to sex life in German and Polish. The article is based on the following definition of a taboo: “an unwritten law that forbids doing certain things based on certain beliefs within a society” (Duden 2015:1735).

scholarly journals Credo in unam sanctam…

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-106
Author(s):  
Alejandro Zafeiropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Positive Answer ◽  
Church Of Christ ◽  
Roman Catholic Church ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Trinity

Is the Church of Christ the Roman Catholic Church? Could it be argued in parallel that the Church of Christ is the Orthodox Church? And could one accept a positive answer to these first two questions and still affirm that the Roman Catholic Church is not the Orthodox Church, and all this avoiding both a logical and a metaphysical contradiction? In this article I shall respond positively to each of these questions, avoiding the possible contradiction that such responses might involve. Taking as a starting point the philosophical and theological discussion of the Trinity within the analytical mainstream, I shall present the outline of an ecumenical ecclesiology based on the metaphysical relation of constitution. Thanks to this strategy, it is possible to think of a universal ecclesiology capable of explaining better not the diversity but the unity of the Church of Christ. Resumen: ¿La Iglesia de Cristo es la Iglesia católica romana? ¿Podría defenderse paralelamente que la Iglesia de Cristo es la Iglesia ortodoxa? Y, ¿se podría aceptar una respuesta positiva a estas dos primeras preguntas y afirmar que la Iglesia católica romana no es la Iglesia ortodoxa, y todo esto evitando tanto una contradicción lógica como metafísica? En el presente artículo se desea responder de manera positiva a cada una de estas preguntas, evitando la posible contradicción que dicha respuesta podría involucrar. Para esto y tomando como punto de partida las discusiones filosóficas y teológicas sobre la Trinidad dentro de la corriente analítica, presentaremos el bosquejo de una eclesiología ecuménica basada en la relación metafísica de constitución. Gracias a esta estrategia, se puede pensar una eclesiología universal capaz de explicar mejor, no la diversidad sino la unidad de la Iglesia de Cristo.  

scholarly journals Religious Outlook in Times of Deep Mediatization. A Case Study of the Print Media of the Russian Orthodox Church in Great Britain and Ireland

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Łukasz Fajfer
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Official Journal ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Narratives ◽  
The Church

<p>This paper discusses the religious outlook of the Russian Orthodox Church in Great Britain and Ireland constructed in its official journal. Starting point for the discussion is the social-constructivist approach to mediatization highlighting the role of media in the construction of social reality. In accordance with this approach the question is asked how the Church uses its printed media to construct (reimagine) its religious outlook. In order to answer this question the most important topics, motives and phrases published in issues of the official journal of the Church are identified and grouped into analytical categories. In this way a matrix of distinctive features of an Orthodox outlook is created and analysed. The analysis in this article shows that this outlook mostly consists of references to history and rituals. The other important features include topics such as: religious leaders, myths and heroes. This paper shows that the construction of religious outlook is not influenced by the media narratives of main stream media since the topics such as Brexit and refugee crisis do not appear in the journal.</p>

The Romanian Peace Movements as Ecumenical Initiatives Reflected in Református Szemle

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
Olga Lukács
Keyword(s):  
Church History ◽  
The State ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Peace Movements ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Conference Presentations ◽  
Muslim Communities

"The Bucharest Conference convened by Iustinian, the Patriarch of the Romani-an Orthodox Church, on 23 June 1949 marked the starting point of meetings be-tween the leaders of the Christian and non-Christian faiths in the country, and, ac-cording to the higher orders, these conferences took place annually during the communist period that followed, also being known as “peace conferences”. At the first conference, representatives of seven Christian denominations and those of the Jewish and Muslim communities signed a statement expressing their appreciation of religious freedom built on popular democracy and affirmed the equality of the vari-ous churches. In this “local ecumenism” that was prescribed by the state, the interconfessional conferences of the Orthodox and Protestant theology professors, which started in 1964 and alternately took place in Bucharest, Cluj, and Sibiu, proved to be very important. The topics of discussions at these conferences were theological issues; there was a forced search for aspects linking the two churches, and the guidelines prescribed for the churches by the state apparatus were also introduced. This study analyses the nature of the conference topics, namely the political im-plications by which “they wanted or had to please the state”. The conference presentations are even more significant as they served as a basis for the annual train-ing of priests and ministers, and the studies were published in the scientific journals of the churches as well. Keywords: communist regime, communist dictatorship, church history, peace conferences, interconfessional dialogue."

scholarly journals Tradition- and Science-Based Quality Control of Chinese MedicinesIntroducing the Phyto-True System

2010 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 1355-1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Y Leung
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Complex Materials ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Multicomponent Complex ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Active Chemical ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Botanical Medicines ◽  
True System

Abstract The current QC practice of quantifying presumed active chemicals or arbitrarily selected chemical markers is of doubtful value in assessing multicomponent complex traditional Chinese medicines (CMs) and often leads to an inconsistent or irreproducible research and clinical outcome. Consequently, the first and most important step in the QC of CMs (or other botanical medicines) whose exact active chemical components are unknown is to use analytical techniques that can comprehensively define the totality of the components/attributes making up their identity and quality. One of the most versatile techniques is HPTLC. Using HPTLC, along with other simple techniques such as FTIR spectroscopy and UV-Vis spectroscopy combined with complementary gene expression profiling, we have been able to correctly identify CM materials, detect adulterants, and differentiate closely related materials and botanical species. Our research has resulted in the introduction of the concept and specimens of Phyto-True Reference Material (PTRM™), aka Representative Botanical Reference/Research Material (RBRM™), now commercially available, and a novel patent-pending technology (Phyto-True™ system) that can serve as a starting point for the meaningful QC of traditional CMs so far not possible for these complex materials. Examples will be highlighted to demonstrate this new concept.

Oral Traditions as Historical Sources in Ethiopia: The Case of the Beta Israel (Falasha)

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 297-312
Author(s):  
James Quirin
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Limited Time ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Methodological Innovation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Beta Israel ◽  
Western View ◽  
Written Sources

It is axiomatic that historians should use all available sources. African historiography has been on the cutting edge of methodological innovation for the last three decades, utilizing written sources, oral traditions, archeology, linguistics, ethnography, musicology, botany, and other techniques to bring respect and maturity to the field.But the use of such a diverse methodology has brought controversy as well, particularly regarding oral traditions. Substantial criticisms have been raised concerning the problems of chronology and limited time depth, variations in different versions of the same events, and the problem of feedback between oral and written sources. A “structuralist” critique deriving from Claude Levi-Strauss's study of Amerindian mythology has provided a useful corrective to an overly-literal acceptance of oral traditions, but often went too far in throwing out the historical baby with the mythological bathwater, leading some historians to reject totally the use of oral data. A more balanced view has shown that a modified structural approach can be a useful tool in historical analysis. In Ethiopian historiography some preliminary speculations were made along structuralist lines,5 although in another sense such an approach was always implicit since the analysis of Ethiopie written hagiographies and royal chronicles required an awareness of the mythological or folk elements they contain.Two more difficult problems to overcome have been the Ethiopie written documents' centrist and elitist focus on the royal monarchy and Orthodox church. The old Western view that “history” required the existence of written documents and a state led to the paradigm of Ethiopia as an “outpost of Semitic civilization” and its historical and historiographical separation from the rest of Africa. The comparatively plentiful corpus of written documentation for Ethiopian history allowed such an approach, and the thousands of manuscripts made available to scholars on microfilm in the last fifteen years have demonstrated the wealth still to be found in written sources. However, such sources, although a starting point for research on Ethiopian history, no longer seem adequate in themselves because they focus primarily on political-military and religious events concerning the monarchy and church.

scholarly journals Gourmandise in the hierarchy of values: A case study of French and Belgian proverbs and sayings

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 969-990
Author(s):  
Natalia U. Nelyubova ◽  
Polina S. Syomina ◽  
Vitalija Kazlauskiene
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
French Language ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Starting Point

The paremiological stock of a language is an important source of axiological information that helps to identify the features of a culture, peoples mentality, and their worldview. The paper is devoted to the study of gourmandise as a component of the French and Belgian worldviews reflected in the French language paremias. The aim of the research is to determine its place in the hierarchy of values of the native speakers of French and its Belgian variant. The research material includes 202 units obtained from Dictionnaire de proverbes et dictons (121 units) and from Proverbes et dictons de Belgique francophonie (81 units). The research methods include semantic, axiological, quantitative, and comparative analyses. The results of the study indicate that 5,9% of French and 6,6% of Belgian units of the total number presented in the dictionaries are devoted to food and gourmandize, which proves that they occupy an important place in the hierarchy of values in both cultures. More than half of the gastronomic proverbs and sayings have a positive connotation. Some types of food, such as bread, butter, and eggs, are symbolic for both ethnic groups. The analysis of gastronomic realities has revealed similar French and Belgian values (such as wealth, prosperity, happiness, health, pleasure, life) and antivalues (poverty, hunger, misery, disease, death, etc.). The obtained data contribute to the axiological studies of the worldview of the native speakers of various variants of the French language and can serve as a starting point for conducting similar research of other values, including those based on the material of other languages and cultures.

scholarly journals Postawy internautów wobec szczepionek w dobie pandemii na przykładzie wybranych memów internetowych

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2 (11)) ◽  
pp. 217-228
Author(s):  
Magdalena Pataj ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
The Internet ◽  
General Category ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Active Audience ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Starting Point

The aim of this article is to discuss the attitudes exhibited by internet users to vaccines during the pandemic. It is assumed here that the activities of internet users fall within the general category of the activity of media users, while memes are a way to manifest the users’ attitude to specific issues. The article employs the active audience theory and elaborates on the phenomenon of internet memes as a key category of research. The research material comprises messages posted on Demotywatory.pl that are subject to content analysis. The material is first categorized on the basis of its connection to the COVID-19 pandemic. Subsequently, the internet users’ attitudes are determined – whether they support or reject vaccinations – and the implications of particular messages are analysed. The research results make it possible to pinpoint the attitude of a given group to the issue of vaccination. Further, they show that health issues are often a starting point for a broader discussion (and critique) on the level of political communication.

scholarly journals Švorc P. Od pluhu do senátorského kresla. Jurko Lažo a jeho doba (1867–1929). Prešov: Universum, 2018. 271 s.

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 187-192
Author(s):  
Mikhail Yu. Dronov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
National Language ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Valuable Contribution ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Political Activist ◽  
History Of ◽  
Confessional Identity ◽  
Recent Monograph

The review is dedicated to the recent monograph by the Slovak historian Peter Švorc on Jurij Lažo (1867–1929). The book is a meticulously researched biography of the Rusyn national political activist set against the background of the history of the Carpathian Rusyns, Austria-Hungary, and Czechoslovakia. The author pays increased attention to the issues of national and confessional identity of the Rusyn population of the Prešov region and Subcarpathian Rus’. J. Lažo went down in history primarily as a Senator who represented the interests of Rusyn villagers in the Czechoslovak Parliament, and as a fi ghter for the conversion of Greek Catholics to the Orthodox Church. Leger acted as a consistent proponent of the “all-Russian” (all-Eastern Slavic) national-language trend and a critic of the Magyarization and later Slovakization of the Rusyns. All six chapters of the monograph differ in their originality, and are based on documents from various archives in the Slovak Republic, the Czech Republic, and Austria. Despite the remain- ing gaps in the biography of Jurij Lažo, Peter Švorc’s book is a valuable contribution to the historiography of this topic.

The Russian Orthodox Church and the Secret Chancellery in the Context of Reforms of Peter the Great

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Aleksandr R. Pavlushkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Established Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church

Based on various sources, this article attempts to determine the scope and nature of the relationship between the Russian Orthodox Church and the Secret Chancellery during the reforms of Peter I. The chronological framework of the period under study is limited to 1718–1725. It should be noted that the number of works on this topic is rather small. The article dwells on the various aspects and forms of the relationship between the penal body and the Church as a whole. The starting point is the case of Tsarevich Alexei, which exposed the dissatisfaction of the clergy with the reforms of Peter I and initiated the strengthening of punitive policies, involving the tools of the Church. According to the author, the established relationship between the Church and the Secret Chancellery cannot be called sporadic, since there had been a certain unity of mutual interests between the parties. It is emphasized that contradictions had been accumulating between them, related to the violation of the secrecy of confession, lack of legal regulation of official relations, and structural vagueness of the institutions of the Most Holy Synod that had contacts with the Secret Chancellery. Nevertheless, in practice there had been developed a certain procedure for coordinating various issues, which both sides refrained from violating. Further, the author analyses the case of Tsarevich Alexei and the role of the first chief procurators of the Most Holy Synod in the context of the development of the relationship between the Church and the Secret Chancellery. Further, the article indicates the reasons for not only mutual interest, but also the subsequent crisis in their relationship that occurred in 1725. The author concludes that the relationship between the Russian Orthodox Church and the Secret Chancellery was in line with the policy of forming a police state.

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