scholarly journals VIRULENCE OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES TO THREE SOFT SCALE INSECT SPECIES

Redia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 193-197
Author(s):  
NIKOLA GRUJIĆ ◽  
DRAGA GRAORA ◽  
BRANIMIR NJEŽIĆ ◽  
BORUT BOSANČIĆ ◽  
EUSTACHIO TARASCO
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
Native Strain ◽  
Soft Scale ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Potential Use

Virulence of commercial strains of entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser), Steinernema feltiae Filipjev and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae, Heterorhabditidae), were tested on young females of Pulvinaria hydrangeae Steinweden, Partenolecanium corni (Bouché) and Coccus pseudomagnoliarum (Kuwana) (Hemiptera, Coccidae) and a native strain of H. bacteriophora was tested on citricola scale, C. pseudomagnoliarum. The laboratory tests were carried out in small plastic Petri dishes with infective juveniles (IJ) applied on filter paper covering the bottom. Results showed that all EPN tested were virulent to all three soft scale insect species. Recorded mortality of insects at the highest concentration of approximately 50 IJ per cm2 exceeded 64% in all combinations of nematode and scale species tested. Within the same nematode concentration, scales’ mortality of 90% and above was recorded for P. corni with all nematode species, P. hydrangeae with S. carpocapsae (Nemastar) and C. pseudomagnoliarum with native H. bacteriophora strain. All scale species were good hosts for all nematode species. This is the first report of EPNs to parasitize soft scale insects and one of the few among Coccoidea. The level of parasitism recorded is promising for potential use in management of scale insects.

scholarly journals Non-indigenous scale insects on ornamental plants in Bulgaria and China: A survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 114 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Trencheva ◽  
G. Trenchev ◽  
R. Tomov ◽  
S.-A. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
First Report ◽  
The Family

A preliminary list of non-indigenous scale insect species on ornamental plants in Bulgaria and China is presented. The sampling was done between April and November, 2009, in the framework of the project “Invasive scale insects on ornamental plants in Bulgaria and China”. The insects were collected in nurseries, parks, gardens, botanical collections and greenhouses. Representatives from four families have been identified in Bulgaria, the most numerous of which are the Diaspididae (eight species), Coccidae (four species), Pseudococcidae (two species) and Margarodidae (one species). Three species of non-indigenous scale insects associated with ornamental plants were collected in China, all belonging to the family Pseudococcidae. A list of alien scale insect species on ornamental plants is given, including the sampling sites, host plants on which they were found, origin and first report in both countries.

scholarly journals New scale insects (Homoptera: Coccinea) from the Cape Floristic Region

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya A. Gavrilov-Zimin ◽  
Philipp E. Chetverikov
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Cape Floristic Region ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Western Cape Province ◽  
The Family

Three new scale insect species, Coccidohystrix daedalea Gavrilov-Zimin sp. nov., Mirococcopsis ptilura Gavrilov-Zimin sp. nov. (both from the family Pseudococcidae) and Cryptinglisia millari Gavrilov-Zimin sp. nov. (family Coccidae), are described and illustrated from the Western Cape Province of South Africa.

scholarly journals Description of a New Genus and New Species of Soft Scale Insect (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) from Cuba

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 117954331878514
Author(s):  
Nereida Mestre-Novoa ◽  
Takumasa Kondo
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Related Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Rhizophora Mangle ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Soft Scale

A new neotropical genus and species of soft scale insect from Cuba, Hamonicoccus Mestre and Kondo gen. nov. is described and Hamonicoccus alayoi Mestre and Kondo sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) is described and illustrated based on the adult female. The species was collected in Cayos de las Cinco Leguas, Matanzas Province, on Capparis cynophallophora (Capparaceae), and in Surgidero de Batabanó, Mayabeque Province, on Rhizophora mangle (Rhizophoraceae). The affinities of H alayoi sp. nov. with closely related species is discussed based on published literature. An updated list of soft scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccidae) known from Cuba is provided.

Lecanicillium sabanense sp. nov. (Cordycipitaceae) a new fungal entomopathogen of coccids

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 234 (1) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan S Chiriví-Salomón ◽  
Giovanna Danies ◽  
Silvia Restrepo ◽  
Tatiana Sanjuan
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
New Species ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Soft Scale ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Fungal Entomopathogen

A new species of Lecanicillium was found associated with the soft scale insect Pulvinaria caballeroramosae (Coccidae), an important pest of Ficus soatensis (Moraceae) in Bogotá, Colombia. Lecanicillium sabanense sp. nov. differs from similar Lecanicillium spp. mainly in the size of the conidia, in the vertical arrangement of phialides on the host, and in the tomentose mycelium that sparsely covers the cuticle of the host. Phylogenetic analyses using ITS, SSU, LSU, TEF, RPB1, and RPB2 also confirmed the distinctness of this new species. Fungal epizootics were found on female soft scale insects, which may have implications for biological control in the forestry program of the city. The ecology of the fungus as well as its potential use as a biological control agent are further discussed.

scholarly journals Coccidae, Pseudococcidae, Ortheziidae, and Monophlebidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of Espírito Santo, Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Paul Culik ◽  
David dos Santos Martins ◽  
José Aires Ventura ◽  
Ana Lúcia Benfatti Gonzalez Peronti ◽  
Penny Jean Gullan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Record ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Pseudococcus Longispinus ◽  
Coccus Viridis ◽  
Phenacoccus Madeirensis ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
First Time

New plant hosts are recorded for nine scale insect species recently collected in Espírito Santo, Brazil, and eleven scale insect species are recorded for the first time from the state: Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock, Coccus longulus (Douglas), Coccus viridis (Green), Eucalymnatus tesselatus (Signoret), Pseudokermes sp., Saissetia coffeae (Walker), Phenacoccus madeirensis Green, Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi Gimpel & Miller, Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti), Icerya purchasi Maskell, and Icerya genistae Hempel. This is also the first record of Co. longulus in Brazil. Information on the host plants and geographic distribution of the 26 species of scale insects of the families Coccidae, Pseudococcidae, Ortheziidae, and Monophlebidae, currently known from Espírito Santo is provided.

scholarly journals Review of the direct and indirect effects of warming and drought on scale insect pests of forest systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D Frank
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Tree Quality

Abstract Higher temperatures and drought are key aspects of global change with the potential to alter the distribution and severity of many arthropod pests in forest systems. Scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) infest many tree species and are among the most important pests of trees in urban and rural forests, plantations and other forest systems. Infestations of native or exotic scale insects can kill or sicken trees with economic and ecosystem-wide consequences. Warming can have direct effects on the life history, fitness and population dynamics of many scale insect species by increasing development rate, survival or fecundity. These direct benefits can increase the geographic distribution of scale insects and their consequences for tree health. Warming and drought can affect scale insects indirectly by altering the quality of their host trees. Additive or interactive effects of warming and drought can change tree quality in such a way that it increases scale insect fitness and population growth. However, the effects are species- and context-dependent with some scale insect species negatively affected by drought-induced changes in tree quality. Warming and drought are often coincident in urban forests and predicted to co-occur in many parts of the world under climate change scenarios. The individual and interactive effects of these factors require further research to inform predictions and management of scale insect pests. Warming also indirectly affects scale insects by altering interactions with natural enemies. This includes changes in natural enemy phenology, community composition and abundance. In addition, warming can alter scale insect phenology or voltinism causing asynchrony with natural enemies or population growth too rapid for natural enemies to suppress. Direct and indirect effects of warming and drought on scale insects can increase the potential for some exotic species to become established and for some native species to become invasive. Unfortunately, much research on scale insects is confined to a few particularly important native or exotic pests which limits our ability to predict the effects of warming on many current or potential pests. More research is required to understand how warming and drought affect scale insects, scale insect management and the forest systems they inhabit.

scholarly journals Activity of four entomopathogenic nematode species against different developmental stages of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Trdan ◽  
M. Vidrih ◽  
L. Andjus ◽  
Ž. Laznik
Keyword(s):  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Different Temperatures

AbstractFour entomopathogenic nematode species (Steinernema feltiae, S. carpocapsae, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, and H. megidis) were tested in a laboratory bioassay for the efficacy of these pathogens in controlling the larvae and adults of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata. The main aim of the study was to develop an efficient sustainable control method against the pest. With this we could develop a strategy of potato production with the intention of diminishing or even preventing the appearance of pest resistance to insecticides. The activity of these biological agents was assessed at three different temperatures (15, 20, and 25 °C) and three concentrations (200, 1000, and 2000 infective juveniles per individual). Mortality of three stages (young and old larvae and adults) was determined 2, 4, and 7 days after treatment. At 15 °C entomopathogenic nematodes showed the lowest efficacy against all insect stages. No significant differences in efficacy was determined at 20 and 25 °C as all nematodes caused prompt death of all stages. At all temperatures young larvae were most susceptible. However, when controlling overwintered adults for the purpose of preventing the mass appearance of Colorado potato beetle, we recommend an application of higher concentrations of S. feltiae suspension.

scholarly journals Scale insect species (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) and their natural enemies, recorded on agricultural, ornamental and forest plant species in the wider area of Messenian Province (Peloponnese, Greece), 2000 – 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-64
Author(s):  
G.J. Stathas ◽  
E.D. Kartsonas ◽  
A.I. Darras ◽  
P.J. Skouras
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Aonidiella Aurantii ◽  
Phenacoccus Madeirensis ◽  
Forest Plant Species ◽  
Chrysomphalus Aonidum ◽  
Protopulvinaria Pyriformis

Summary The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) recorded on agricultural, ornamental and forest plant species in the wider area of Messenian Province (Peloponnese, Greece) during the years 2000 – 2020 are reviewed. Twenty species were recorded, which belong to four families: Diaspididae: Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell), Chrysomphalus aonidum (L.), Diaspis echinocacti (Bouché), Dynaspidiotus abieticola (Koroneos), D. abietis (Schrank), Lepidosaphes beckii (Newman), L. gloverii (Packard), Lineaspis striata (Newstead), Targionia vitis (Signoret); Coccidae: Ceroplastes rusci (L.), Eulecanium sericeum (Lindinger), Nemolecanium graniformis (Wünn), Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché), P. persicae (Fabricius), Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman), P. inopinatus Danzig and Kozár, Protopulvinaria pyriformis (Cockerell); Pseudococcidae: Phenacoccus madeirensis Green, Planococcus vovae (Nasonov) and Kermesidae: Kermes echinatus Balachowsky. The biology, phenology and natural enemies in Messenia are discussed for fifteen of these scale species.

scholarly journals Some additions to the Scale insect fauna (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of Crete with a check list of the species known from the island

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Pellizzari ◽  
Francesco Porcelli ◽  
Gabrijel Seljak ◽  
Ferenc Kozár
Keyword(s):  
Scale Insect ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Check List ◽  
Insect Fauna ◽  
Greek Island

A list of the scale insects (Homoptera: C occoidea) recorded by the authors for the Greek island of C rete is reported. This includes twenty-seven species new to the island The most interesting records are Kermes palestiniensis Balachowsky (Kermesidae), only recorded previously from Israel, and Getulaspis bupleuri (Marchal) (Diaspididae), only known previously from North A frica and the Middle E ast. With the present additions, the number of scale insect species recorded on C rete has reached 82. A revised check list of the scales presently known from the island is also provided.

scholarly journals The Inventory of Scale Insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) Associated With Olive Tree in North of Tunisia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naceur gharbi
Keyword(s):  
Olive Tree ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
The Family ◽  
Olive Groves ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background: This study was realized for more than four years (from 2014 to 2018) in olive groves of northern Tunisian governorates. Scale insect samples were collected from leaves, stems and fruits.Results: An annotated list of 22 scale insect species has been recorded. These species divided into 4 families. The family Diaspididae is the most species-rich, with 14 species in 9 genera; Coccidae contains 4 species in 3 genera; Pseudococcidae contains 3 species in 3 genera; and Asterolecaniidae contains 1 species in 1 genus.Conclusions: This paper contains 3 species recorded for the first time in the Tunisian fauna: Saissetia coffeae (Walker), Diaspidiotus ostreaeformis (Curtis) and Lepidosaphes conchiformis (Gmelin).

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