Impact of the year of graduation on the positioning of nutrition professionals regarding the vegetarian diet Impacto do ano de formacilo no posicionamento dos profissionais de nutricao face a dieta vegetariana

The adoption of a vegetarian diet increased over the years. In Portugal, is estimated that 1.2% of the population follows this food pattern. A cross-sectional study was carried out, including a final sample of 74 nutrition professionals to assess their position concerning the vegetarian diet (VD) according to their year of graduation (YG). The results analyses demonstrated that 23 nutrition professionals graduated between 1980 and 2009; and 51 between 2010 and 2019. There were statistically significant differences regarding the possibility of keeping a VD throughout life, since 81.1% of the participants consider it possible, most of them belonging to the group who graduated after 2009. As for supplements, 13% of the nutrition professionals who graduated until 2009 believe it possible to adhere to a VD without resorting to supplements, however, the percentage increases significantly to 39.2% in nutrition professionals trained after 2009. The percentage of nutrition professionals that approved the adherence of athletes to VD increased statistically in recent years, however, most believe this adherence is only possible with the use of supplements. Adherence to VD has increased over the past few years, however, the opinion of nutrition professionals is not unanimous regarding its safety, effectiveness in weight loss, and use of supplementation.

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Grazing Behavior Hinders Weight Loss in Long-Term Post Bariatric Surgery: a Cross-Sectional Study

Obesity Surgery ◽

10.1007/s11695-021-05533-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Larissa Cristina Lins Berber ◽

Mariana Silva Melendez-Araújo ◽

Eduardo Yoshio Nakano ◽

Kênia Mara Baiocchi de Carvalho ◽

Eliane Said Dutra

Keyword(s):

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Grazing Behavior ◽

Post Bariatric Surgery

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Factors associated with HIV testing among traditional healers and their clients in rural Uganda: Results from a cross-sectional study

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/09564624211015028 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 095646242110150

Author(s):

Doreen Nabukalu ◽

Matthew Ponticiello ◽

Thomas Bennett ◽

Sunday Clark ◽

Rachel King ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rural Communities ◽

Hiv Testing ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Traditional Healers ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Past ◽

Male Clients ◽

Hiv Test ◽

Testing Uptake

Uptake of HIV testing is suboptimal in Uganda, particularly in rural communities. Reaching UNAIDS 95-95-95 goals requires strategies to increase HIV testing among hard-to-reach populations. This cross-sectional study sought to characterize engagement with HIV testing among traditional healers and their clients in rural Uganda. We enrolled 175 traditional healers and 392 adult clients of healers in Mbarara District. The primary outcome for this study was having received an HIV test in the prior 12 months. Most clients ( n = 236, 65.9%) had received an HIV test within 12 months, compared to less than half of healers ( n = 75, 46.3%) who had not. In multivariate regression models, male clients of healers were half as likely to have tested in the past year, compared with female (adjusted odds ratios (AORs) = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.26–0.70). Increasing age negatively predicted testing within the past year (AOR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.93–0.97) for clients. Among healers, more sexual partners predicted knowing ones serostatus (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.03–2.48). Healers (AOR = 1.16, 95% CI 1.07–1.26) and clients (AOR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.13–1.34 for clients) with greater numbers of lifetime HIV tests were more likely to have tested in the past year. Traditional healers and their clients lag behind UNAIDS benchmarks and would benefit from programs to increase HIV testing uptake.

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Use of electronic cigarettes and secondhand exposure to their aerosols are associated with asthma symptoms among adolescents: a cross-sectional study

Respiratory Research ◽

10.1186/s12931-020-01569-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Abdullah Alnajem ◽

Abdullah Redha ◽

Dalal Alroumi ◽

Ahmed Alshammasi ◽

Mohamad Ali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Uncontrolled Asthma ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Current Asthma ◽

The Past ◽

Asthma Symptoms ◽

History Of

Abstract Background Globally, a surge in electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has been observed in recent years, with youth being the most susceptible group. Given their recent emergence, studies assessing the health consequences of using e-cigarettes and exposure to their secondhand aerosols (SHA) are limited. Hence, this study sought to assess associations between e-cigarette use and household exposure to SHA from e-cigarettes with asthma symptoms among adolescents. Methods A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted by enrolling high school students (n = 1565; aged 16–19 years) in Kuwait. Participants self-completed a questionnaire on tobacco products use (e-cigarettes and cigarettes) and asthma symptoms. Current e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking were defined as any use in the past 30 days. Household exposure to SHA from e-cigarettes in the past 7 days was reported as none (0 days), infrequent (1–2 days), and frequent (≥ 3 days). Asthma symptoms included current (past 12 months) wheeze, current asthma (history of clinical diagnosis and current wheeze and/or medication use), and current symptoms of uncontrolled asthma (≥ 4 attacks of wheeze, ≥ 1 night per week sleep disturbance from wheeze, and/or wheeze affecting speech). Associations were assessed using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation, and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. Results Among the analytical study sample (n = 1345), current e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking was reported by 369 (27.4%) and 358 (26.6%) participants, respectively. Compared to never e-cigarette users and never cigarette smokers, current e-cigarette users with no history of cigarette smoking had increased prevalence of current wheeze (aPR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.01–2.45) and current asthma (aPR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.03–3.41). Moreover, the frequency of exposure to household SHA from e-cigarettes was associated with asthma symptoms. For example, compared to those with no exposure to household SHA, frequent exposure to household SHA was associated with current wheeze (aPR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.04–1.59), current asthma (aPR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.13–2.16), and current uncontrolled asthma symptoms (aPR = 1.88, 95% CI 1.35–2.62). Conclusions E-cigarette use and their household SHA exposure were independently associated with asthma symptoms among adolescents. Hence, such observations indicate that e-cigarette use and passive exposure to their aerosols negatively impact respiratory health among adolescents.

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Awareness and concern towards anesthesia among patients undergoing surgical procedure: A cross-sectional study at pre-anesthetic clinic of a Teaching Hospital

Journal of Kathmandu Medical College ◽

10.3126/jkmc.v8i2.28168 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 76-80

Author(s):

Sushila Lama Moktan ◽

Ujma Shrestha ◽

Mona Sharma ◽

Manan Karki

Keyword(s):

Questionnaire Survey ◽

Surgical Procedure ◽

Educational Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Surgical Patients ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Poor Knowledge ◽

The Past

Background: With the advent of anesthesia, surgery is no longer a race against the clock and surgeons. Many studies in the past have demonstrated limited knowledge among patients about various aspects of anesthesia.Objectives: To assess the awareness and concern of elective surgical patients towards anesthesia.Methodology: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted over two months’ period in adult patients of age eighteen years and above. Two hundred surgical patients accessing services at the pre-anesthesia check-up clinic were interviewed using 12 questions assessing demographic characteristics, educational status and their knowledge about anesthesia.Results: Out of 200 patients, only 32% knew that anesthesiologists provide anesthesia. It was found that 63% didn’t have any knowledge about the types of anesthesia. The most common fear among the participants about anesthesia was the fear of pain during surgery.Conclusion: The study showed poor knowledge of patients regarding anesthesia.

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Comparing women pharmacy consumers’ experiences with weight loss treatment in Victoria and Nottingham: a cross-sectional study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/1471-2458-14-662 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Souhiela Fakih ◽

Jennifer L Marriott ◽

Helen Boardman ◽

Claire Anderson ◽

Safeera Y Hussainy

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Weight Loss Treatment ◽

Cross Sectional

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Characterization of the Subgingival Cultivable Microbiota in Patients with Different Stages of Periodontitis in Spain and Colombia. A Cross-Sectional Study

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9091940 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1940

Author(s):

Roquelina Pianeta ◽

Margarita Iniesta ◽

Diana Marcela Castillo ◽

Gloria I. Lafaurie ◽

Mariano Sanz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Species ◽

Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Campylobacter Rectus ◽

Parvimonas Micra ◽

Final Sample

The objective was to characterize and compare the subgingival microbiota in patients diagnosed according to the World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions 2018. For this cross-sectional study, Spanish and Colombian subjects (characterized as health/gingivitis, periodontitis in stages I-II or stages III-IV) were clinically assessed, and subgingival samples were taken and processed by culture. The comparisons among patients with periodontal status (and between countries) was made using Mann–Whitney, Kruskal–Wallis, ANOVA and chi-square tests. The final sample consisted of 167 subjects. Eikenella corrodens and Parvimonas micra were more frequently detected in health/gingivitis and Porphyromonas gingivalis in periodontitis (p < 0.05). Higher total counts were observed in Colombia (p = 0.036). In Spain, significantly higher levels of P. gingivalis and Campylobacter rectus were observed, and of Tannerella forsythia, P. micra, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Actinomyces odontolyticus and Capnocytophaga spp. in Colombia (p < 0.001). P. micra was more prevalent in health/gingivitis and stage I-II periodontitis in Colombia, and P. gingivalis in all periodontitis groups in Spain (p < 0.05). As conclusions, significant differences were detected in the microbiota between health/gingivitis and periodontitis, with minor differences between stages of periodontitis. Differences were also relevant between countries, with Colombia showing larger counts and variability of bacterial species.

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Physical activity-related injuries among university students: a multicentre cross-sectional study in China

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021845 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. e021845 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Yang Gao ◽

Weicong Cai ◽

Lijie Gao ◽

Jingjing Wang ◽

Jiehui Liang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

University Students ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Sleep Time ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Medical Attention ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Past ◽

Epidemiological Characteristics

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and preliminarily explore possible risk factors of physical activity-related injury (PARI) occurrences among Chinese university students via a multicentre mixed survey.DesignCross-sectional study.ParticipantsA total of 4758 undergraduates graded 1–3 in nine universities in three Chinese cities were enrolled via cluster random sampling and completed the self-administered online questionnaires during March and April 2017.Main outcome measuresPARI in the past 12 months.ResultsOf the 4758 participants, 1081 sustained PARI in the past 12 months, with an overall PARI incidence rate of 22.7% (27.3% (367/1343) in males and 20.9%(714/3415) in females). Around one-quarter of the injured (26.4%) suffered from PARI over at least three episodes. More than half of the injured subjects experienced physical activity (PA) absenteeism and sought medical attention. All PA indicators were significantly and positively associated with PARI, with a frequency of sports and leisure-time vigorous-intensity PA (VPA) participation being the strongest (adjusted OR: 1.079, 95% CI: 1.018 to 1.144). Moreover, males (OR=1.199), Shantou students (OR=4.239), year 1 students (OR=1.287), university and other sports team members (OR=1.717–2.360) and those with insufficient sleep time (OR=1.262–1.333) were also at a higher risk of PARI.ConclusionsPARI is prevalent among university students in China. The frequency of sports and leisure-time VPA participation was most strongly associated with PARI among all PA indicators. These data can inform future programmes for injury intervention among university students. Safety issues should also be emphasised when promoting PA among the public to reduce PARI.

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Food Insecurity and Associated Health and Academic Measures Among College Students in Connecticut

American Journal of Health Studies ◽

10.47779/ajhs.2020.254 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Victoria A. Zigmont ◽

Abigail Linsmeier ◽

Peggy Gallup

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Public University ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Depression Diagnosis ◽

The Past ◽

Effective Interventions

This cross-sectional study explored the health and academic impacts of food insecurity among undergraduates at a public university. A representative campus-wide sample (n=792) found that roughly 30% of students were food insecure, based upon a single validated question about the student’s experience over the past year. Food insecure students had lower GPAs (3.09 vs. 3.25), a higher proportion had a depression diagnosis (22.4 vs. 14.3), and a higher proportion ate fewer than three servings of fruits and vegetables per day (14.4% vs. 7.3%) compared to food secure students. A marginally higher proportion of food insecure students had an anxiety diagnosis (22.8% vs. 14.3%) More research is needed to understand the extent and manifestation of food insecurity so effective interventions can be developed.

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Disruptive behaviors among nurses in Israel – association with listening, wellbeing and feeling as a victim: a cross-sectional study

Israel Journal of Health Policy Research ◽

10.1186/s13584-019-0340-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sigal Shafran Tikva ◽

Avraham N. Kluger ◽

Yulia Lerman

Keyword(s):

Disruptive Behavior ◽

Disruptive Behaviors ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Incremental Validity ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Final Sample ◽

Low Levels ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Objectives To examine the association between listening and disruptive behaviors and the association between disruptive behavior and the wellbeing of the nurse. To test whether constructive and destructive listening has an incremental validity. Methods A structured questionnaire survey that measured the (constructive & destructive) listening climate at work, exposure to disruptive behaviors, well-being and feeling as a victim. We presented this survey using the Qualtrics software. Results Of the final sample of 567 respondents who reported that they were nurses, MAge = 38.41, 67% indicated that they were exposed to some form of disruptive behavior. Experiencing listening in the ward was associated with low levels of exposure to disruptive behaviors; exposure to disruptive behaviors, in turn, predicted reduction in the nurses’ wellbeing; the reduction in wellbeing was especially pronounced among nurses who felt like a victim. Each of the facets of the listening measure—constructive listening and destructive listening—had incremental validity in predicting exposure to disruptive behaviors. Finally, the effect of exposure to disruptive behavior on wellbeing was curvilinear. Conclusions Disruptive behavior is a major challenge to the workplace well-being for nurses. The victim mentality has an adverse impact on nurses. Preventive efforts aimed at reducing disruptive behaviors among nurses and decreasing their sense of victimization are crucial for the well-being of nurses.

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