Management of the snow clearing equipment operation on tram tracks

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
S. A. Doronicheva ◽  
◽  
M. V. Malakhov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Practical Importance ◽  
Climatic Influence ◽  
Equipment Operation ◽  
Railway Traffic ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Street Railways ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Objective: To develop recommendations for the management of snow clearing of street railways in urban settlements. Methods: The article analyzes the Russian regional climatic influence on the management of street railway traffic and the current maintenance of tram tracks, and the indicators to be monitored when planning the work of snow clearing equipment. The requirements for the maintenance of tram tracks in winter in heavy snowfalls and blizzards have been described. An overview of the snow clearing equipment available in the soviet and present times, as well as its application has been discussed. Results: Recommendations for the management of various types of snow clearing equipment for various types of tram tracks are given. The justifying calculations of the size of the snow clearing fleet in relation to regional climatic indicators are presented. Practical importance: The article demonstrates the preference of introduction of special rail snow clearing equipment for the tram track routine maintenance in winter, especially in snow heavy areas, both tram type based on tram dimensions and hybrid road-rail type. Practical recommendations for the conditions for the use of various types of snow clearing equipment have been developed

scholarly journals SYSTEMIC APPROACH TO ENTERPRISE DEBT MANAGEMENT

2019 ◽  
pp. 70-79
Author(s):  
Ie. Mordan ◽  
A. Solomakha
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Debt Management ◽  
Accounts Receivable ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Fierce Competition ◽  
And Control ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
Practical Recommendations

The article is devoted to generalization of theoretical bases and practical recommendations on improvement of the system of receivables management in the period of fierce competition and intensive development of debt relations between enterprises. In order to build an effective system, the management object - receivables - has been studied in detail. The approaches to understanding the nature of accounts receivable and the author's definition of it are distinguished. Receivables are grouped according to different classification characteristics, which is primarily of practical importance, allowing to build a clear system for accounting and analysis of the presence and movement of receivables and to form an effective system for their management by individual types. The reasons for the objective necessity of forming receivables as a certain form of working capital existence are identified. A thorough analysis of the concepts in the scientific literature of the concept of "management of accounts receivable". The researches made it possible to create a comprehensive system of receivables management, which is based on the interaction of the target, organizational, structural, management and information subsystems. A characteristic is given to each subsystem and its constituent elements. The subjects and objects of management are specified, their interaction is considered, goals and tasks are outlined. It is determined that the functions of the management system are analysis, planning, regulation and control, the principles on which it is based are continuity, periodicity, consistency, autonomy, prudence and full coverage, and the methods of management are psychological, economic, legal and alternative instruments. The implementation of the receivables management system implies the implementation of a series of sequential measures in the form of certain steps, which are considered in the work, aimed at reducing the risk of arrears or bad receivables. Keywords: accounts receivable, accounts receivable management, management system, accounts receivable.

scholarly journals Innovative potential of a region and the efficiency of its use

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Dorina ◽  
Elena Kadovba
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Main Condition ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Innovative Potential ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Practical Recommendations

 The interest in the topic of innovative development of regions has increased in recent years. The main condition for building an economy based on innovation is the presence of innovative potential as a set of opportunities in innovation. At the same time, it is not only the innovative potential important itself, but it is also important the effectiveness of its use. Thus, the problem of increasing of the innovative potential of the region and the effectiveness of its use is relevant, and this fact led to the choice of research direction, the results of which are presented in this work. Modern research of innovative potential is mainly associated with the development of its theoretical aspects and the methods of its evaluation. There is a growing interest in the concept of "knowledge economy", and in the question of the ensuring of the sustainability and security of regional development now, so in connection with it the works at the intersection of these problems and the problem of formation and development of innovative potential appear. It should be noted that in the scientific literature and in practice, the problem of assessing and improving of the efficiency of the innovative potential of regions is given relatively little attention, and therefore this area of research has novelty and is of scientific and practical importance. So, the purpose of this study was to determine the directions of increasing of the innovative potential of the regions and the effectiveness of its use, in particular, on the example of the regions of the Republic of Belarus. In the course of the study, such methods as the analysis of scientific literature, legislation, statistical research data; analysis and synthesis; tabular and graphical methods of data visualization and others were used. The result of this study is the development of conceptual directions and practical recommendations of improving of the innovative potential of the regions of the Republic of Belarus and the effectiveness of its use. The results of the study can be of scientific, theoretical and practical interest and can be used by regional governments in the process of making of informed management decisions in the field of innovation. The implementation of the measures of improving of the efficiency of the innovative potential of the regions will contribute to their socio-economic development.

scholarly journals Organisational features in the work of a railway station complex during the launch of “Aeroexpress”

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-527
Author(s):  
Oksana D. POKROVSKAYA ◽  
◽  
Artem V. SUGOROVSKY ◽  
Irina V. RYBAKOVA ◽  
Maxim A. MARCHENKO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Railway Station ◽  
Passenger Transportation ◽  
Service Activities ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Objective: To consider the change in the operation of the St. Petersburg transport hub station and the railway station when launching the Aeroexpress. Methods: Means and methods of logistics, general theory of systems, terminalistics, system and economic analysis, as well as management of operational work of railways are used. Results: Alternative options for changing the operation of the station and the station at the launch of the Aeroexpress are proposed in the conditions of the St. Petersburg transport hub station. The fi rst option involves organizing the reception and departure of Aeroexpress trains on the existing track intended for suburban traffi c. The second option assumes to specialize for the reception and departure of fast suburban electric trains in communication with Pulkovo airport the existing apron electrifi ed receiving and receiving track in a complex with an island passenger platform located nearby. When passenger fl ows change at the station complex, the number of ticket offi ces is calculated. The issues of organizing service activities for servicing Aeroexpress passengers at the station complex are considered. Based on the economic calculations carried out and based on the results of the survey of potential Aeroexpress passengers, practical recommendations were made for launching an Aeroexpress train in the conditions of the St. Petersburg transport hub. Practical importance: The results obtained can be applied in the implementation of the concept of development of the St. Petersburg transport hub, in the design of individual elements and devices of the railway hub to improve the organization of passenger transportation, as well as in determining the prospects for the development of railway complexes.

scholarly journals Factors hindering the development of agricultural cooperatives in Georgia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Hamlet Sanikidze
Keyword(s):  
Practical Importance ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Service Industries ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Cooperative ◽  
Economic Basis ◽  
Specific Tax ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Introduction. The lack of an appropriate methodological basis for creating agricultural cooperative system prevents the process of organizing formation of new agricultural cooperatives, which leads to an objective need to develop the organizational and economic basis for the formation and operation of agricultural cooperatives. In this regard, the research and study of theoretical aspects, analysis of objective conditions for the formation and operation of agricultural cooperatives, development of methodological provisions and practical recommendations to substantiate their organizational and economic mechanism, including matters of management, profit, price, credit, formation and distribution are topical to the issue and most of the components listed above are of great practical importance. Aim and tasks. The aim of the research is to develop scientific, organizational and economic basis for the establishment and operation of agricultural cooperatives in a multistructural economy. The objectives of the research are: identifying the essence of the cooperative, adding several principles to the formation and classification of agricultural cooperatives, determining the conditions and factors necessary for their creation. Results. Theoretical and regulatory aspects of formation and development of agricultural cooperatives were specified taking into account the introduction of new principles for their operation: mandatory creation of indivisible funds for innovative activities, agricultural producers’ interest and expediency for their participation in the associations; and classification of cooperatives in the production and service industries. Conclusions. Based on consideration of the integrated approach to the formation of cooperatives and farmers’ organizations, necessary documentation and calculation of economic efficiency, the methodological provisions developed in the process of the research on the establishment and operation of agricultural cooperatives will allow agricultural producers to approach the formation of necessary cooperatives skillfully, easily determine the absolute and specific tax burden of agricultural cooperatives.

Practical Importance of Spatial Resolution and Analytical Sensitivity in AEM X-ray Microanalysis

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 432-433
Author(s):  
J. Zhang ◽  
D.B. Williams ◽  
J.I. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Beam Current ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Analytical Sensitivity ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Probe Size ◽  
Excitation Volume ◽  
Two Parameters

Analytical sensitivity and spatial resolution are important and closely related factors in x-ray microanalysis using the AEM. Analytical sensitivity is the ability to distinguish, for a given element under given conditions, between two concentrations that are nearly equal. The analytical sensitivity is directly related to the number of x-ray counts collected and, therefore, to the probe current, specimen thickness and counting time. The spatial resolution in AEM analysis is determined by the probe size and beam broadening in the specimen. A finer probe and a thinner specimen give a higher spatial resolution. However, the resulting lower beam current and smaller X-ray excitation volume degrade analytical sensitivity. A compromise must be made between high spatial resolution and an acceptable analytical sensitivity. In this paper, we show the necessity of evaluating these two parameters in order to determine the low temperature Fe-Ni phase diagram.A Phillips EM400T AEM with an EDAX/TN2000 EDS/MCA system and a VG HB501 FEG STEM with a LINK AN10 EDS/MCA system were used.

Contrasts of planar defects in reflection electron microscopy

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1004-1005
Author(s):  
Feng Tsai ◽  
J. M. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Theoretical Treatment ◽  
Crystal Surfaces ◽  
Planar Defects ◽  
Surface Steps ◽  
Surface Reconstructions ◽  
Domain Boundaries ◽  
Reflection Electron Microscopy

Reflection electron microscopy (REM) has been used to study surface defects such as surface steps, dislocations emerging on crystal surfaces, and surface reconstructions. However, only a few REM studies have been reported about the planar defects emerging on surfaces. The interaction of planar defects with surfaces may be of considerable practical importance but so far there seems to be only one relatively simple theoretical treatment of the REM contrast and very little experimental evidence to support its predications. Recently, intersections of both 90° and 180° ferroelectric domain boundaries with BaTiO3 crystal surfaces have been investigated by Tsai and Cowley with REM.The REM observations of several planar defects, such as stacking faults and domain boundaries have been continued by the present authors. All REM observations are performed on a JEM-2000FX transmission electron microscope. The sample preparations may be seen somewhere else. In REM, the incident electron beam strikes the surface of a crystal with a small glancing angle.

Motors for Street Railways

1886 ◽  
Vol 21 (530supp) ◽  
pp. 8458-8461
Author(s):  
Captain Douglas Galton
Keyword(s):  
Street Railways

Simulation of vibration piercing of pipe blank at press

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 1128-1138
Author(s):  
S. R. Rakhmanov
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Deformation Zone ◽  
Pipe Blank ◽  
Equipment Operation ◽  
Metal Deformation ◽  
Technological Tool ◽  
High Frequency Vibrations ◽  
Pipe Blanks ◽  
Wave Phenomena

In some cases, the processes of piercing or expanding pipe blanks involve the use of high-frequency active vibrations. However, due to insufficient knowledge, these processes are not widely used in the practice of seamless pipes production. In particular, the problems of increasing the efficiency of the processes of piercing or expanding a pipe blank at a piercing press using high-frequency vibrations are being solved without proper research and, as a rule, by experiments. The elaboration of modern technological processes for the production of seamless pipes using high-frequency vibrations is directly related to the choice of rational modes of metal deformation and the prediction resistance indicators of technological tools and the reliability of equipment operation. The creation of a mathematical model of the process of vibrating piercing (expansion) of an axisymmetric pipe blank at a piercing press of a pipe press facility is an actual task. A calculation scheme for the process of piercing a pipe plank has been elaborated. A dependence was obtained characterizing the speed of front of plastic deformation propagation on the speed of penetration of a vibrated axisymmetric mandrel into the pipe workpiece being pierced. The dynamic characteristics of the occurrence of wave phenomena in the metal being pierced under the influence of a vibrated tool have been determined, which significantly complements the previously known ideas about the stress-strain state of the metal in the deformation zone. The deformation fields in the zones of the disturbed region of the deformation zone were established, taking into account the high-frequency vibrations of the technological tool. It has been established that the choice of rational parameters (amplitude-frequency characteristics) of the vibration piercing process of a pipe blank results in significant increase in the efficiency of the process, the durability of the technological tool and the quality of the pierced blanks.

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