Modelling international interaction schemes in Eurasian transport corridors based on railway infrastructure

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-148
Author(s):  
Natalia A. ZHURAVLEVA ◽  
◽  
Sergey V. URYVAEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Container Transportation ◽  
Elasticity Of Demand ◽  
Railway Infrastructure ◽  
Global Logistics ◽  
International Interaction ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Economic assessment of options for optimizing international interaction schemes in Eur-asian transport corridors based on railway infrastructure as the global logistics market is changing significantly under the impact of the economic post-crisis, as it is inextricably linked to all stages of production and sale of goods, redistribution of regional and international commodity markets. Methods: Statistical observation, sampling and correlation and regression analysis methods were used, taking into account big data on the status and trends of transport of EAEC, EU, PRC member states, and international organisations. Results: The methodological approach to justify the devel-opment of railway infrastructure in Eurasian transport corridors has been developed. The main fac-tors that determine (gravitation) freight traffic by modes of transport serving freight flows along the China–EU–EU axis are systematized and the impact of these factors on the performance of freight flows switched to the EAEU transport infrastructure is assessed (estimation of elasticity of demand for container transportation of goods by “convenience”). The results of modelling the transportation of goods re¬levant for switching to rail transport according to the assessment of the impact of the cost factor on the indicators of freight flows that are switched to the EEU transport infrastructure (assessment of the elasticity of demand for the transportation of goods in a contain-er according to the tariff) are presented. Practical importance: The obtained results reduce the level of uncertainty when making practical decisions on planning the activities of transport organiza-tions and cargo owners.

scholarly journals Economic Assessment of Seasonal Unevenness in Railway Infrastructure Loading

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-115
Author(s):  
D. A. Macheret ◽  
A. D. Razuvaev ◽  
A. Yu. Ledney
Keyword(s):  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Railway Infrastructure ◽  
Railway Industry ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
The Impact

The article considers the problem of seasonal uneven transportation and its impact on transport infrastructure loading. The objective of the study is to develop scientifically sound recommendations for monitoring seasonal unevenness of transportation and infrastructure loading based on its adequate assessment; conducting economic assessment of the impact of seasonality of transportation on the indicators of current and investment activity of railway transport; making recommendations to further reduce unevenness of transportation, or at least prevent its growth. The authors solved the following tasks: a reasoned, logically structured sequence of economic assessment of the impact of seasonality of transportation on the indicators of current and investment activities of railway transport was formed, and scientifically based recommendations were proposed to further reduce uneven transportation (toprevent its growth). The following methods were used: logical and analytical tools, methods of statistical analysis, economic-mathematical modelling and technical and economic calculations. As a result of the study, the authors revealed that seasonal uneven loading of railway infrastructure leads to a decrease in quality of transportation and a deterioration in the market image of the railway industry, an increase in operating costs and cost of transportation, that is, to a decrease in efficiency and competitiveness of railways. The uneven transportation negatively affects the effectiveness of investments in development of railway transport. The analysis made it possible to formulate a theoretical model of influence of seasonal unevenness of railway infrastructure loading on efficiency of its use and development. It is advisable to use the methodological toolkit for assessing seasonal unevenness of railway infrastructure loading for its in-depth retrospective analysis, identifying the main factors affecting unevenness indicators and determining the maximum permissible level of seasonal unevenness. The developed model of influence of seasonal unevenness of loading on use and development of railway infrastructure allows to carry out economic assessment of seasonal unevenness, is a tool to improve planning and management of transportation activities and development of railways. The reduction in seasonal unevenness of transportation should be considered as a factor increasing the economic efficiency of not only the current, but also investment activity of the railway transport, while its growth should be considered as a specific type of risk for effectiveness of implementation of railway infrastructure development projects.

scholarly journals The transport company capital assets modernization according to market condition dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-160
Author(s):  
Victor A. Podsorin ◽  
Elena N. Ovsiannikova
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Commodity Markets ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Market Condition ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
The Impact

Background: The active development of commodity-transport ties makes the issues of the influence of the situation on commodity markets on the directions and structure of freight traffic particularly important. Scientific understanding of the prospects for the development of transport communications in order to increase the efficiency of goods distribution in accordance with the growing requirements of the economy for its speed, reliability and cost allows us to determine economic indicators for the development of transport infrastructure and the need for investment in fixed assets of transport companies. Aim: Development of methodological tools for assessing the impact of commodity markets on the processes of updating fixed assets of a transport company. Methods: The methodological basis of the study is the work of domestic and foreign scientists, which examined the formation of a system of economic indicators - indicators of the state of technical means and systems, the problems of the development of railway transport in the context of macroeconomic changes, as well as the features of innovative activity in railway transport. To solve the tasks, the method of system analysis, methods of statistical analysis, methods of technical and economic calculations, etc. were used. Results: A methodological approach to the determination of economic indicators reflecting the need for investment when updating the fixed assets of a transport company is proposed taking into account the dynamics of the transport market. Conclusion: The economically feasible renewal of fixed assets of railways not only plays an exceptional role in creating the conditions for the efficient use of their production resources and their development in general, but also helps to create conditions for satisfying solvent demand in the transport market.

scholarly journals Ecological and economic assessment of military land use efficiency in the context of environmental security

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
A. Tretiak ◽  
N. Tretiak ◽  
Yu. Lobunko ◽  
M. Tretiak ◽  
A. Melnichuk
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Environmental Security ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Land Relations ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Military Facilities ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the study is to present the results of a methodological approach to environmental and economic assessment of land use efficiency in the context of environmental safety of the population within the territories where military facilities are located (on the example of land use within the Desnyansk united territorial community). As a result of the study, the authors presented a methodological approach to environmental and economic assessment of land use efficiency in the development of land relations, as well as in the context of environmental safety of the population of the territories where military facilities are located. According to the proposed methodological approach, the impact of military facilities and risks to the ecological instability of land use and anthropogenic impact on the territories, and, accordingly, the threat to the environmental safety of the population. The ecological and economic assessment of the efficiency of military land use substantiated by the authors allows to carry out appropriate measures for ecological safety in relation to public welfare.The scientific novelty of the work lies in the further application of theoretical, methodological and practical provisions that determine the ecological, economic and institutional principles of military land use in the context of environmental security, in particular in the development of land relations. Because this is one of the first studies, which is devoted to the environmental and economic assessment of land use efficiency in the context of environmental safety of life within the territories where military facilities are located.The authors believe that the significance of the declared study lies in the fact that ensuring the environmental safety of the population of the territories where military facilities are located through the prevention of dangerous situations, remains the main way to solve environmental, economic, and social problems.

scholarly journals Social Effects of Agglomeration. An Assessment of Intraregional Disparities in the South of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-126
Author(s):  
Anna MIKHAYLOVA ◽  
Vasilisa GOROCHNAYA
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The South ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

The growth of cities against the background of transport infrastructure development has led to the formation of urban agglomerations as systems of interconnected cities. Rural areas are the foundation for the growth of new actively developing urban spatial systems and become donors of labour resources. The redistribution of population between the city and the country entails a number of social effects. This study aims to assess the impact of agglomeration processes on the social sphere of municipalities in the region. The main focus of the study is the dynamically developing monocentric agglomeration in the south of Russia – the Rostov agglomeration. The methodological approach is based on assessing the gaps between different types of municipalities depending on their territorial location relative to the agglomeration centre presented in four groups of social indicators: urbanization, labour mobility, housing, and quality of life. The Agglomeration Social Impact Index was calculated. We learned there is significant heterogeneity in the level of social development among different types of municipalities. The decisive effect on social gaps is exerted by three factors: agglomeration, urbanization, transport and logistics. The most favourable living conditions are found in the municipalities located in the immediate vicinity of the agglomeration core.

scholarly journals Dostępność transportowa aglomeracji rzeszowskiej w kontekście realizowanych i planowanych inwestycji w infrastrukturze kolejowej

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Beata Gierczak-Korzeniowska
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Commercial Real Estate ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Transport Accessibility ◽  
Railway Infrastructure ◽  
The Impact

The article discusses the importance of investments in railway infrastructure for improving the transport accessibility of the Rzeszów agglomeration. For an intensively developing and expanding Rzeszów agglomeration, accessibility plays a key role not only in determining the value of residential and commercial real estate but, above all, in meeting the needs related to the mobility of the region’s inhabitants from one place to another (e.g. to work or school). Therefore, transport accessibility is an important element of spatial organization and has a significant impact on the level and pace of the socio-economic development in the region. The paper consists of a theoretical part and a case study characterising several investment projects in the railway transport infrastructure. The aim of the article is to present the impact planned and implemented investments in rail transport to improvement of accessibility, and thus the level and quality of life of the inhabitants of the Rzeszów agglomeration. The considerations were supplemented with an attempt to assess the current transport accessibility in the region and the changes that will occur as a result of the implemented investments.

scholarly journals Adapting Railway Maintenance to Climate Change

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13856
Author(s):  
A. H. S. Garmabaki ◽  
Adithya Thaduri ◽  
Stephen Famurewa ◽  
Uday Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Railway Infrastructure ◽  
Inherent Nature ◽  
Railway Maintenance ◽  
The Impact

Railway infrastructure is vulnerable to extreme weather events such as elevated temperature, flooding, storms, intense winds, sea level rise, poor visibility, etc. These events have extreme consequences for the dependability of railway infrastructure and the acceptable level of services by infrastructure managers and other stakeholders. It is quite complex and difficult to quantify the consequences of climate change on railway infrastructure because of the inherent nature of the railway itself. Hence, the main aim of this work is to qualitatively identify and assess the impact of climate change on railway infrastructure with associated risks and consequences. A qualitative research methodology is employed in the study using a questionnaire as a tool for information gathering from experts from several municipalities in Sweden, Swedish transport infrastructure managers, maintenance organizations, and train operators. The outcome of this questionnaire revealed that there was a lower level of awareness about the impact of climate change on the various facets of railway infrastructure. Furthermore, the work identifies the challenges and barriers for climate adaptation of railway infrastructure and suggests recommended actions to improve the resilience towards climate change. It also provides recommendations, including adaptation options to ensure an effective and efficient railway transport service.

The methodological approach for the determination of the pressure of artificial raindrops as a question of the theory of splash soil erosion

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Mihail Zver'kov
Keyword(s):  
Block Diagram ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Effective Pressure ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Splash Erosion ◽  
Rain Drops ◽  
Artificial Rain ◽  
The Impact

To the article the results of the theoretical and experimental researches are given on questions of estimates of the dynamic rate effect of raindrop impact on soil. The aim of this work was to analyze the current methods to determine the rate of artificial rain pressure on the soil for the assessment of splash erosion. There are the developed author’s method for calculation the pressure of artificial rain on the soil and the assessment of splash erosion. The study aims to the justification of evaluation methods and the obtaining of quantitative characteristics, prevention and elimination of accelerated (anthropogenic) erosion, the creation and the realization of the required erosion control measures. The paper considers the question of determining the pressure of artificial rain on the soil. At the moment of raindrops impact, there is the tension in the soil, which is called vertical effective pressure. It is noted that the impact of rain drops in the soil there are stresses called vertical effective pressure. The equation for calculation of vertical effective pressure is proposed in this study using the known spectrum of raindrops. Effective pressure was 1.4 Pa for the artificial rain by sprinkler machine «Fregat» and 5.9 Pa for long distance sprinkler DD-30. The article deals with a block diagram of the sequence for determining the effective pressure of rain drops on the soil. This diagram was created by the author’s method of calculation of the effective pressure of rain drops on the soil. The need for an integrated approach to the description of the artificial rain impact on the soil is noted. Various parameters characterizing drop erosion are considered. There are data about the mass of splashed soil in the irrigation of various irrigation machinery and installations. For example, the rate (mass) of splashed soil was 0.28…0.78 t/ha under irrigation sprinkler apparatus RACO 4260–55/701C in the conditions of the Ryazan region. The method allows examining the environmental impact of sprinkler techniques for analyzes of the pressure, caused by raindrops, on the soil. It can also be useful in determining the irrigation rate before the runoff for different types of sprinkler equipment and soil conditions.

Specifics of creating an effective system of project financing of innovation and investment activities of dairy subcomplex enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1951-1969
Author(s):  
S.A. Chernikova
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Project Financing ◽  
Financing System ◽  
Management Of Innovation ◽  
Effective System ◽  
The Impact

Subject. The article considers the need to study the financing of investment and innovation processes and creating an effective system of project financing. Objectives. The purpose is to search for new opportunities to enhance the competitive advantages of enterprises of the dairy subcomplex, to ensure their financial stability and steady position in specialized agricultural food-product markets. Methods. The study draws on the theoretical and methodological approach to the impact of project management of innovation and investment activities on improving the efficiency of the project financing system and financial stability of enterprises operating in the dairy subcomplex. Results. The findings show that four levels can be distinguished in the formation and improvement of the system of project financing and the management of innovation and investment activities, depending on the depth of transformation. The principle that provides the integration of the said system with the current model of management of the dairy subcomplex enterprise is defined as a driver. The paper offers a number of levels of the system transformation to gain competitive advantages. Conclusions. I present a mechanism for creating and improving the system of project financing and the management of innovation and investment activities, and a mechanism for interaction of the network of automated information systems, intended to make management decisions, with the automation of information support to innovative solutions.

Transport infrastructure of the Rostov Oblast: Problems and prospects for development in the context of national projects implementation

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1015-1034
Author(s):  
O.Yu. Patrakeeva
Keyword(s):  
Time Series Data ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Rostov Oblast ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Cointegration Tests ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Subject. The paper considers national projects in the field of transport infrastructure, i.e. Safe and High-quality Roads and Comprehensive Plan for Modernization and Expansion of Trunk Infrastructure, and the specifics of their implementation in the Rostov Oblast. Objectives. The aim is to conduct a statistical assessment of the impact of transport infrastructure on the region’s economic performance and define prospects for and risks of the implementation of national infrastructure projects in conditions of a shrinking economy. Methods. I use available statistics and apply methods and approaches with time-series data, namely stationarity and cointegration tests, vector autoregression models. Results. The level of economic development has an impact on transport infrastructure in the short run. However, the mutual influence has not been statistically confirmed. The paper revealed that investments in the sphere of transport reduce risk of accidents on the roads of the Rostov Oblast. Improving the quality of roads with high traffic flow by reducing investments in the maintenance of subsidiary roads enables to decrease accident rate on the whole. Conclusions. In conditions of economy shrinking caused by the complex epidemiological situation and measures aimed at minimizing the spread of coronavirus, it is crucial to create a solid foundation for further economic recovery. At the government level, it is decided to continue implementing national projects as significant tools for recovery growth.

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