scholarly journals Bilateral torque asymmetry analysis of lower limbs of active and insufficiently active older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Milena Razuk ◽  
Juliana Canuto Lorete ◽  
Leonardo Araujo Vieira ◽  
Natalia Madalena Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Ankle Joints ◽  
Angular Velocities ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hip Extension

BACKGROUND:Physical activity is an important tool for positively impacting physical, cognitive, and social aspects and is linked to the capacity to develop muscle strength and power. However, no studies have observed the effects of physical activity on the bilateral torque asymmetry at different movement velocities in older adults. AIM:Investigate the effects of different angular velocities on bilateral torque asymmetry for hip, knee, and ankle joints in active and insufficiently active older adults. METHOD:Forty-four older adults were distributed into two groups: active and insufficiently active. An isokinetic dynamometer was used. The tests consisted of maximal concentric contractions of hip, knee, and ankle flexors and extensors at velocities of 60º/s and 120º/s. The variables were asymmetry of peak torque and of mean power. RESULTS:Results showed greater asymmetry in hip extension and ankle flexion for peak torque and mean power, as well as increased asymmetry in flexion movement at the higher angular velocity compared with the lower angular velocity for the mean power. Furthermore, there were no differences in asymmetry between groups. CONCLUSION:The conclusion of the present study was that older adults showed similar behavior for bilateral torque asymmetry, regardless of the level of physical activity. 

scholarly journals The relationships between knee extensors/ flexors strength and balance control in elite male soccer players

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12461
Author(s):  
Robert Śliwowski ◽  
Jakub Marynowicz ◽  
Łukasz Jadczak ◽  
Monika Grygorowicz ◽  
Paweł Kalinowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Angular Velocities ◽  
Postural System ◽  
The Relationship

Background Strength and balance are important factors for soccer players to be successful. This study’s aim was to determine the relationship between lower-limb muscle strength and balance control in elite male soccer players (n = 77). Methods Concentric isokinetic strength (peak torque of quadriceps (PT-Q) and hamstrings (PT-H), hamstrings/quadriceps (H/Q) ratio) was measured for the dominant and non-dominant leg at angular velocities of 60°s−1and 240°s−1, as well as the total work for extensors (TW-Q) and flexors (TW-H) for both legs (at an angular velocity of 240°s−1only). Balance score (BAL score) was used for unilateral assessment of balance control using a Delos Postural System Test measurement tool. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed to predict balance control using isokinetic knee strength performance for dominant and non-dominant legs. Results Final modelling included peak torque of hamstrings at 240°s−1 and peak torque of the quadriceps at 240°s−1 for the non-dominant leg (R2 = 19.6%; p ≤ 0.001) and only peak hamstring torque at 240°s−1 for the dominant leg (R2 = 11.3%; p = 0.003) as significant predictors of balance score. Conclusion Findings indicate that balance control is widely influenced by peak hamstring torque and peak quadriceps torque at high angular velocity particularly in the non-dominant leg i.e., the supporting leg in soccer players.

scholarly journals Stages of Change in Physical Activity and Neighborhood Walkability Among Older Adults living in the Urban Setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 621-622
Author(s):  
Rie Suzuki ◽  
Jennifer Blackwood ◽  
Noah Webster ◽  
Shailee Shah
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Readiness To Change ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Neighborhood Walkability ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Insufficient physical activity (PA) is considered an independent risk factor for chronic diseases. Although older adults living in lower-income areas often experience obstacles to walking locally, few studies have compared their walking experiences and the degree of readiness to change on engaging in PA. The purpose of this study was to compare perceptions of neighborhood walkability by the stages of change among older adults living in a lower-income community. Participants were recruited in 2018 at a regional health clinic in Flint, MI. To be eligible, participants had to be over 65 years old and Flint residents. Of the 132 participants, the mean age was 69.74 (SD=5.00) years old. The majority of respondents were female (66%); African American (77%); single, divorced, or widowed (75%); and educated below a GED level (84%). The results showed that older adults at the pre-contemplation/contemplation stage (PC/C) were less likely to perceive the availability of sidewalks on most streets and more likely to complain about much traffic along the street than those at the action/maintenance stage (A/M) (p<0.05). After controlling for covariates, multiple regression analysis showed that those at PC/C were less likely to state that their neighborhoods were accessible (β = .17*) and to perceive the presence of walking hazard (e.g., lack of sidewalks) (β = -.17*). Those who engaged in PA less than 30 minutes per day perceived the neighborhoods were accessible (β = .23*). Findings suggest that it is essential to develop friendly support systems and accommodations to encourage walking in lower-income communities.

scholarly journals Isokinetic assessment of knee flexor/extensor muscular strength in elderly women

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos de Amorim Aquino ◽  
Luiz Eugênio Garcez Leme ◽  
Marco Martins Amatuzzi ◽  
Júlia Maria D'Andréa Greve ◽  
Antônio Sérgio A.P. Terreri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Isokinetic Dynamometer ◽  
Knee Flexor ◽  
Torque Values

OBJECTIVE: To assess knee flexor-extensor muscular strength in elderly women with no previous history of musculoskeletal disorders on the lower limbs using an isokinetic dynamometer, in order to obtain data that could be used as a comparative parameter in the evaluation of elderly women with knee disorders, thus facilitating a better rehabilitation of these patients. METHODS: Twenty-six volunteers aged 75 to 83 years were studied using a Cybex® 6000 isokinetic dynamometer. The chosen angular velocity was 60 º/s, and concentric exercise was used for either flexion or extension. The studied parameters were: peak torque, angle of peak torque, and flexor-extensor torque rate. RESULTS: There were no differences between dominant (D) and nondominant (ND) knee peak torque values. This was true for both flexor (D = 42.46 ± 9.09 Nm / ND = 40.65 ± 9.38 Nm) and extensor (D = 76.92 ± 13.97 Nm / ND = 77.65 ± 15.21 Nm) movements. The descriptive statistical analysis of the values obtained for the flexor-extensor peak torque rate and for the angle of occurrence of peak torque was the same for the dominant and nondominant sides. CONCLUSIONS: The values of peak torque for the contralateral side can be used as a reference during rehabilitation of elderly women with acute disease of the knee, and the angular velocity of 60 º/s is proper and safe for isokinetic assessment of elderly people.

scholarly journals Usual Intake of Food Patterns Components by Older Adults from WWEIA, NHANES 2013–2016 (P18-119-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lois Steinfeldt ◽  
Joseph Goldman ◽  
Alanna Moshfegh
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Specific Recommendation ◽  
Food Patterns ◽  
Usual Intake ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Abstract Objectives Compare the usual intake of food patterns components to the 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) by demographics for adults age 51 and older. Methods This analysis is based on 24-hr recalls from 4736 individuals age 51 and older from What We Eat in America, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2016 (WWEIA, NHANES). It uses the Food Patterns Equivalents Databases for 2013–2014 and 2015–2016. These databases contain the amounts of Food Patterns components for each food and beverage reported by each WWEIA, NHANES respondent. Usual intake distributions of selected food patterns components are estimated using the National Cancer Institute method. These distributions are then compared to the energy-specific recommendations in the DGA as appropriate for each respondent, based on age, sex, and physical activity level. The NHANES Physical Activity Questionnaire is used to classify respondents as sedentary, moderately active, or active. Results When estimating the Food Patterns component of total protein foods, the mean usual intake ± SE in ounce equivalents for adults age 51 and older, men had significantly higher intake than women (7.3 ± .13 vs 5.1 ± .10 (P < 0.001). The mean usual intake for adults age 71 and older was less than for those age 51–70 (P < 0.001) regardless of sex, race/ethnicity or income (P < 0.001). When considering the energy specific recommendation for total protein foods for adults 51 years and over, women were more likely than men to not meet their recommendation, 57% vs 38% (P < 0.001). Further, women age 71 and older were more likely to not meet their recommendation compared to those age 51–70 (70% vs 52%, P < 0.001), with the differences significant regardless of race/ethnicity and income (P < 0.001). Conclusions Overall, there are large percentages of adults age 51 and older who failed to meet the DGA recommendations for total protein foods. Comparing usual intake of older adults shows differences between men and women and by age, race/ethnicity, and income. Funding Sources ARS, USDA.

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Insomnia Symptoms Over 10 Years in a U.S. National Sample of Late-Middle-Age and Older Adults: Age Matters

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-622
Author(s):  
Amanda Sonnega ◽  
Amanda Leggett ◽  
Renee Pepin ◽  
Shervin Assari
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Frontline Treatment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms ◽  
Retirement Study

Research suggests that physical activity may influence sleep, yet more research is needed before it can be considered a frontline treatment for insomnia. Less is known about how this relationship is moderated by age. Using multilevel modeling, we examined self-reported physical activity and insomnia symptoms in 18,078 respondents from the U.S. nationally representative Health and Retirement Study (2004–2014). The mean baseline age was 64.7 years, with 53.9% female. Individuals who reported more physical activity (B = −0.005, p < .001) had fewer insomnia symptoms. Over 10 years, the respondents reported fewer insomnia symptoms at times when they reported more physical activity than was average for them (B = −0.003, p < .001). Age moderated this relationship (B = 0.0002, p < .01). Although modest, these findings concur with the literature, suggesting moderate benefits of physical activity for sleep in older adults. Future research should aim to further elucidate this relationship among adults at advanced ages.

scholarly journals Planning Walkable Neighborhoods for “Aging in Place”: Lessons from Five Aging-Friendly Districts in Singapore

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1742
Author(s):  
Yiqi Tao ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Zhonghua Gou ◽  
Boya Jiang ◽  
Yi Qi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Aging In Place ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Neighborhood Walkability ◽  
Site Survey ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
A Site ◽  
The City

Today, “walkability” is considered a critical component of an aging-friendly neighborhood. This study examined the relationships between the neighborhood physical environment, walkability, and physical activity levels of older residents in Singapore. Five neighborhoods notable for their “aging in place” strategies were selected for a site survey. A questionnaire focusing on the evaluation of neighborhood walkability was administered to older adults in these neighborhoods. The questionnaire included three sections: neighborhood satisfaction, walkability, and the daily physical activity of older adults. The results indicated that adequate physical facilities and connectivity to the city were critical to older adults’ satisfaction with their neighborhoods. The mean walking time significantly dropped as the number of nearby facilities increased, and the number of facilities was negatively correlated with the daily activity levels of older adults. Thus, planners should attempt to calibrate the provision of neighborhood facilities to maintain the physical activity levels of older adults.

scholarly journals Agonist/Antagonist Ratio for ankle joint is similar between active and inactive older adults compared to hip and knee joints

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 4-13
Author(s):  
Gabriel Garcia ◽  
Leonardo Vieira ◽  
Victor Seibel ◽  
Milena Razuk ◽  
Natalia Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Isokinetic Dynamometer ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Guidance Service ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Previous studies performed analysis of the agonist/antagonist ratio (AAR) largely in atlhlete population. However, no study has observed the effects of physical activity on the AAR in different movement velocities on the elderly people. Aim: This study aimed to analyze the AAR of the lower limbs in elderly participants of the Exercise Guidance Service (SOE) and compare them with sedentary eldery, using a group of young adults as a control group. Method: 86 individuals divided into three groups: young adult (n=25); sedentary (n=30); active (n=31). Collection of the AAR was made through the isokinetic dynamometer at velocities of 60 and 120°/s. Results: The results indicated a difference in the velocity of 60°/s for the hip and in the velocity of 120°/s for the knee. In addition, there was a difference between the elderly (active and sedentary) and the adults at ankle. Conclusion: Although the sedentary elderly presented higher mean values compared to active group, there was no significant difference for AAR of the lower between these groups.

scholarly journals Desempenho muscular isocinético dos ombros em atletas de rúgbi

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 26555
Author(s):  
Gerson Saciloto Tadiello ◽  
Luiza Helena Brandelli A. dos Santos ◽  
Taise Andreis Scopel ◽  
Bruno Soldatelli Zardo ◽  
Vinícius Mazzochi Schmitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Muscle Performance ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Informed Consent Form ◽  
Angular Velocities ◽  
The Mean

*** Isokinetic muscle performance of shoulders in rugby athletes ***AIMS: To verify the existence of shoulder external and internal rotator muscle asymmetries in male amateur rugby athletes.METHODS: Isokinetic evaluations of male amateur rugby athletes were accessed from the database of the Institute for Sports Medicine and Applied Sciences in Human Movement of Universidade de Caxias do Sul (IME-UCS). Shoulders evaluated were included in the study, whereas those cases without a free and informed consent form signed prior to the test were excluded. The isokinetic dynamometer was used in a concentric-concentric mode for the shoulder external and internal rotators at angular velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s. The peak torque and the external to internal rotator ratio were analyzed. Student’s t test and a significance level of <0.05 were used to verify the existence of asymmetries between the two sides of the same individual.RESULTS: Data from 12 male athletes were analyzed. Regarding the peak torque at the angular velocity of 60º/s, the mean muscle strength values of the dominant limb were significantly higher when compared to non-dominant limb: external rotators, 43.35±4.72 Nm for the dominant limb vs 38.92±4.22 Nm for the non-dominant limb (p=0.0012); internal rotators, 65.58±11.88 Nm for the dominant limb vs 61.69±11.98 Nm for the non-dominant limb (p=0.0021). At 180º/s, the mean values of the non-dominant limb tended to be lower when compared to the dominant limb, without statistical significance. Regarding the mean values of the external to internal rotator ratio, no significant differences were found at any of the angular velocities analyzed.CONCLUSIONS: Amateur rugby athletes showed lower muscle strength of the non-dominant limb when compared to the dominant limb in the peak torque measurements. This difference was not found in other studies with rugby athletes, and we believe that this result is justified by the lack of more frequent and adequate training of these amateur athletes.

scholarly journals Mejora de constructos físicos en adultos mayores de la zona norte de México (Improvement of physical fitness components in older adults from northern Mexico)

Retos ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 258-263
Author(s):  
Carlos Humberto Castañeda-Lechuga ◽  
Sergio Macias-Ruvalcaba ◽  
Jesús José Gallegos-Sánchez ◽  
Mario Alberto Villarreal-Angeles
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Condition ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Physical Conditioning ◽  
Evaluation Instrument ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Noticeable Increase

En México las tendencias demográficas en la población adulta registran un incremento eminente, y sin embargo son menos frecuentes los estudios y propuestas para los adultos mayores. Este estudio busca evidenciar el progreso y mejora de la condición física saludable, a través de un esquema basado en la actividad física en los adultos mayores, en el cual el Objetivo planteado fue analizar y estudiar los efectos de un programa de acondicionamiento físico que beneficie la salud y calidad de vida en el adulto mayor en la Metodología se aplicó un diseño cuasi-experimental de (pre-test) y (pos-test), en un solo grupo experimental (GE), mediante la intervención de un programa de actividad física adecuado a las particularidades de la edad y las condiciones físicas de los participantes, con 3 mediciones de la variable en sucesión cronológica, como instrumento de evaluación se utilizó el Senior Fitness Test (Rikli & Jones, 2012) como principales Resultados se encontró que para todas las variables medidas, existe una interacción estadísticamente significativa con valores menores a (p ≤ .05) en las variables de Agilidad, Equilibrio, Flexibilidad en miembros inferiores, Flexibilidad en miembros superiores, Fuerza en extremidades superiores, Resistencia y Velocidad de Marcha Concluyendo que el programa de actividad física planificado durante 12 semanas, en tres sesiones semanales con una duración de 60 minutos por sesión, origina cambios positivos en variables físicas de adultos mayores de la zona norte de México.Abstract. In Mexico, demographic trends in adulthood have registered a noticeable increase, yet studies and programs for older adults are less frequent. This study seeks to demonstrate the progress and improvement of healthy physical condition through physical activity in older adults. The objective was to analyze and study the effects of a physical conditioning program that benefits health and quality of life in elderly. The Methodology was based on a quasi-experimental pre-post-test design, using a single experimental group (GE) receiving an intervention program on physical activity adapted to age and physical condition peculiarities of the participants, with 3 measurement sessions. The evaluation instrument was represented by the Senior Fitness Test (Rikli & Jones, 2012). Among the main results, statistically significant interaction was found for all the measured variables, with values lower than (p ≤ .05) in the variables of Agility, Balance, Flexibility in lower limbs, Flexibility in upper limbs, Strength in upper extremities, Resistance and Speed of March. As a conclusion, this 12-week program of physical activity, with a frequency of three 60-min sessions per week, determines positive changes in physical variables of older adults from the northern region of Mexico.

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