scholarly journals Evolução Temporal da Mortalidade por Cancro do Colo do Útero em Portugal

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Teixeira ◽  
Ana Maria Pereira ◽  
Eugénia Anes ◽  
Carina Rodrigues ◽  
Maria José Castanheira
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Cervical Cancer Mortality

Introduction: The mortality rate due to cervical cancer is higher in Portugal compared to other European countries. This study aimed to evaluate the time-trends in cervical cancer mortality rates observed in Portugal over the last six decades.Material and Methods: Age-standardized cervical cancer mortality rates reported in Portugal between 1955 and 2014, were collected from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Joinpoint regression analysis was used to identify significant changes in mortality rates by assessing the percentage of annual variation (%AV) of the rate and respective 95% confidence interval (95%CI) according to the age groups.Results: Among women with 30–39 years, cervical cancer mortality decreased 1.9% per year (95%CI: –2.3; –1.4) throughout the time-period, reaching 0.5/100 000 in 2014. Among women aged 40–49 years, CC mortality decreased between 1971 and 1981 (%AV = –11.6; IC 95%: –14.6; –8.6). Rates then increased by 2.4% per year (95%CI: 1.0; 3.8) until 2001 and such trend reverted from 2001 onwards (%AV = –5.2; IC 95%: –7.7; –2.6), reaching 3.0/100 000 in 2014. In women aged 50–64, 65–74 and 75 years or older, cervical cancer mortality rates decreased from 29.2 to 6.7/100 000, from 34.3 to 7.7/100 000 and from 24.7 to 9.2/100 000. The decline in mortality rates in these three age groups occurred mainly between 1970 and 1980, and there have been no significant changes in the last three decades.Discussion: In Portugal, the most impressive decline in cervical cancer mortality rates occurred in the 1970s concurrently with changes in the National Healthcare System. The most important changes were the increased access to early diagnosis and the improvement in therapeutic approaches. The plateau that we observed among older women over the last three decades can be partially explained by factors with negative impact on adherence to cervical screening.Conclusion: There was a marked decrease in mortality due to CC among all age groups. However, we observed a plateau of this indicator in more advanced age groups over the last three decades. These findings suggest the need of promoting adherence to cervical screening in Portugal.

scholarly journals Trends in cervical cancer mortality in China from 1989 to 2018: an age-period-cohort study and Joinpoint analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Menghan Guo ◽  
Juan Xu ◽  
Jiayue Du
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Cohort Effect ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Period Effect ◽  
Cervical Cancer Mortality

Abstract Background Worldwide, cervical cancer is the second-most-common malignancy of the female reproductive system. Due to its large population, China accounted for 11.9% of cervical cancer deaths, and 12.3% of global cervical cancer DALYs in 2017. In 2009, China launched a nationwide screening program, yet mortality from cervical cancer has shown an upward trend in recent years. The aim of this study was to explore factors affecting cervical cancer mortality rates in China, and contribute to their future reduction. Methods In this descriptive study, a Joinpoint regression analysis and age-period-cohort (APC) model based on the intrinsic estimator (IE) algorithm were utilized. Data from the period 1989–2018 were extracted from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Database of WHO (1989–2000) and China Health Statistical Yearbook database (2002–2018). Results Our study found mortality from cervical cancer to have initially declined, but increase thereafter over the entire observation period in both rural and urban China. The influence of age, period and cohort effect on the mortality rate had statistical significance. The effect of age increased with years, becoming a contributing factor in women aged over 45 years countrywide. Conversely, the cohort effect became a protective factor for women born after 1938 in urban areas, and for women born after 1958 in rural areas. The period effect was relatively less impactful. Conclusions The study indicates that organized cervical screening projects facilitated the identification of potential patients, or patients with comorbidities. Correspondingly, mortality was found to increase with incidence, particularly among elderly women, indicating that newly diagnosed patients were at an advanced stage of cervical cancer, or were not receiving appropriate treatment. Therefore, the coverage of cervical cancer screening should be improved, and women’s health awareness promoted. Early diagnosis and treatment is critical to reduce the disease burden and improve outcomes.

scholarly journals Analysis of cervical cancer mortality rate trends in Natal-RN, Brazil, between 2000 and 2012

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-167
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto Medeiros Azevedo ◽  
Joyce Bezerra Rocha ◽  
Thales Allyrio Araújo de Medeiros Fernandes ◽  
José Veríssimo Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Empirical Bayes ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
P Value ◽  
Average Family ◽  
Historical Series ◽  
Cervical Cancer Mortality

Objective To describe cervical cancer mortality rates and their corresponding trends, and to analyze the spatial correlations of this type of cancer in Natal-RN, Brazil, between 2000 and 2012.Materials and Methods The simple linear regression model, the empirical Bayes method and the Global Moran's index were used for the statistical analysis.Results The mortality coefficient of cervical cancer in Natal, standardized by age range, was 5.5 per 100 000 women. All historical series for the coefficients studied were classifiedas stable. The Global Moran's index obtained was 0.048, with a p-value for the spatial test correlation between neighborhoods of 0.300. The average family income by neighborhood showed no significant correlation to cervical cancer mortality rates.Conclusion This study found a temporal stabilization and spatial independence trend of cervical cancer mortality rates in women from Natal, as well as the absence of correlationbetween these rates and the average family income of the of the participating women distributed by neighborhoods. In view of this, changes in the public policies should be made aimed at preventing the disease; adopting these measures could positively impact the screening program, improving the coverage of Pap smears and immunization campaigns against HPV, in order to reverse this trend and achieve a reduction of mortality rates.

scholarly journals Cervical cancer mortality trends in Brazil: 1980-2009

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Maciel Reis Gonzaga ◽  
Ruffo Freitas-Junior ◽  
Aline Almeida Barbaresco ◽  
Edesio Martins ◽  
Bruno Teixeira Bernardes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Cervical Cancer Mortality ◽  
Geographic Regions ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Series Study

The objective was to describe time trends in cervical cancer mortality rates in Brazil as a whole and in the country's major geographic regions and States from 1980 to 2009. This was an ecological time series study using data recorded in the Mortality Information System (SIM) and census data collected by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). Analysis of mortality trends was performed using Poisson regression. Cervical cancer mortality rates in Brazil tended to stabilize. In the geographic regions, a downward trend was observed in the South (-4.1%), Southeast (-3.3%), and Central-West (-1%) and an upward trend in the Northeast (3.5%) and North (2.7%). The largest decreases were observed in the States of São Paulo (5.1%), Rio Grande do Sul, Espírito Santo, and Paraná (-4.0%). The largest increases in mortality trends occurred in Paraíba (12.4%), Maranhão (9.8%), and Tocantins (8.9%). Cervical cancer mortality rates stabilized in the country as a whole, but there was a downward trend in three geographic regions and 10 States, while two geographic regions and another 10 States showed increasing rates.

scholarly journals Disparities in Cervical Cancer Mortality Rates as Determined by the Longitudinal Hyperbolastic Mixed-Effects Type II Model

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e107242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad A. Tabatabai ◽  
Jean-Jacques Kengwoung-Keumo ◽  
Wayne M. Eby ◽  
Sejong Bae ◽  
Juliette T. Guemmegne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Cervical Cancer Mortality

scholarly journals Cervical cancer mortality in Peru: regional trend analysis from 2008–2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Smith Torres-Roman ◽  
Luz Ronceros-Cardenas ◽  
Bryan Valcarcel ◽  
Miguel A. Arce-Huamani ◽  
Janina Bazalar-Palacios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
North East ◽  
Cervical Cancer Mortality

Abstract Background Cervical cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death among Latin American women. Peru has the sixth highest mortality rate for cervical cancer in the region with regional variations. We aimed to determine overall and regional cervical cancer mortality rates and trends in Peru between 2008 and 2017. Methods We performed an ecological study on the number of deaths by cervical cancer in Peru. Deaths were extracted from the Peruvian Ministry of Health mortality database. Age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) were estimated per 100,000 women-years using the world standard Segi population. We computed mortality trends using the Joinpoint regression program, estimating the annual percent change (APC). For spatial analysis, GeoDA software was used. Results Peru showed downward trends in the last decade (from 11.62 in 2008 to 9.69 in 2017 (APC = − 2.2, 95% CI: − 4.3, − 0.1, p < 0.05). According to regional-specific analysis, the highest ASMR was in the rainforest region, although this declined from 34.16 in 2008 to 17.98 in 2017 (APC = − 4.3, 95% CI: − 7.2, − 1.3, p < 0.01). Concerning spatial analysis and clustering, the mortality rates from 2008 to 2017 showed a positive spatial autocorrelation and significant clustering (Moran’s I: 0.35, p < 0.001) predominantly in the neighboring North-East departments (Loreto, Ucayali, and San Martin). Conclusions Although mortality trends in the entire population are decreasing, mortality rates remain very high, mainly in the rainforest region. Our results encourage a need for further development and improvement of the current health care delivery system in Peru.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Health Disparities in Cervical Cancer Mortality Rates Through Time Between Black and Caucasian Women in Alabama and the US

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Ehsan Abdalla ◽  
Tsegaye Habtemariam ◽  
Souleymane Fall ◽  
Roberta Troy ◽  
Berhanu Tameru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
The Us ◽  
Cervical Cancer Mortality ◽  
Healthy People 2020 ◽  
Caucasian Women

Background: The main purpose of this study was to assess changes in cervical cancer mortality rates through time between Black and Caucasian women residing in Alabama and the US. Methods: Alabama cervical cancer mortality rates (MR), percentage differences, percentage changes and annual percentage changes for trends were compared with the US baseline and target rates. The US Baseline data and target objectives of utilization of cervical cancer screening and MR were obtained from Healthy People 2020. The cervical cancer behavioral risk factors and utilization of screening tests data were obtained from CDC’s Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). The cervical cancer MR data were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER). The analysis was done using SEER*Stat and Linear Trendlines analysis. Results: Although Blacks in Alabama had higher cervical cancer MR through times, a decreasing trend was noted for both races. However, in Alabama, there is no significant change in Blacks aged 65 years and older in cervical cancer MR, despite a high screening rate compared to Whites. In contrast, between 2002 and 2012, Whites in Alabama and the US made a significant progress toward the Healthy People 2020 goal. Conclusions: In Alabama, there exists cervical cancer MR disparity in Blacks despite the higher rates of screening for cervical cancer as would otherwise be expected. The state has not yet achieved the Healthy People 2020 goal. Public health officials should monitor progress toward reduction and/or elimination of these disparities by focusing in a follow up of screening. 

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