Viability of the marine amphipod Parhyale hawaiensis growth rate as an endpoint for chronic ecotoxicological tests

There is a lack of suitable marine species for ecotoxicological tests. Parhyale hawaiensis is a marine amphipod with circumtropical distribution. Recently, acute ecotoxicological procedures were standardized for these model organisms. However, its potential for chronic toxicity assessment still unclear. Sediment quality assessments using sublethal responses of benthic organisms, such as growth and reproduction, have been used to successfully evaluate moderately contaminated areas. The aim of this work was to evaluate the viability of growth rate as an sublethal endpoint for chronic toxicity tests.

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Parhyale hawaiensis

Revista dos Trabalhos de Iniciação Científica da UNICAMP ◽

10.20396/revpibic2620181102 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Otavio Jurgensen Diehl ◽

Gisela de Aragao Umbuzeiro ◽

Patrícia Kushima Assano

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Marine Organisms ◽

Toxicity Tests ◽

Entire Life ◽

Ecotoxicological Tests ◽

Life Data ◽

Environmental Concentrations ◽

Parhyale Hawaiensis ◽

Ability To Regenerate ◽

Marine Amphipod

Parhyale hawaiensis is a marine amphipod of circumtropical distribution and has been used in acute ecotoxicological tests. However, sub lethal responses are important endpoints in ecotoxicology because they allow the assessment of effects at environmental concentrations. P. hawaiensis has the ability to regenerate its appendages, limbs and tissues after an injury or loss during their entire life. Data on effects of toxicants on appendages regeneration of marine organisms are still scarce. Regeneration can be used as an ecotoxicological endpoint to assess potential teratogenic compounds and their impact on stem cells. Thus, the aim of this study was to obtain data on regeneration of antennae of P. hawaiensis to determine the viability this endpoint on toxicity tests.

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Cyst-based toxicity tests. XI. Influence of the type of food on the intrinsic growth rate of the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus in short-chronic toxicity tests

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/s0045-6535(02)00496-4 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 365-372 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Chial Belgis ◽

Persoone Guido

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Brachionus Calyciflorus ◽

Toxicity Tests ◽

Intrinsic Growth Rate ◽

Rotifer Brachionus Calyciflorus

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Nitrite toxicity assessment in Danio rerio and Poecilia reticulata

Acta Veterinaria Brno ◽

10.2754/avb201180030309 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 80 (3) ◽

pp. 309-312 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Petra Doleželová ◽

Stanislava Mácová ◽

Vladimíra Pištěková ◽

Zdeňka Svobodová ◽

Iveta Bedáňová ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Fish Species ◽

Danio Rerio ◽

Poecilia Reticulata ◽

Toxicity Assessment ◽

Model Organisms ◽

Toxicity Tests ◽

Uptake Mechanism ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Species Specific

Nitrite is a natural component of the nitrogen cycle in the environment. Although it usually occurs in low concentrations, elevated concentrations caused by effluents or affected nitrification process can lead to serious health deterioration of fish. Two aquarium fish zebrafish (Danio rerio) and guppy (Poecilia reticulata) are recommended to use as model organisms in toxicity tests. However, their sensitivity to nitrite can differ. The aim of this study was to define acute toxicity of nitrite by the semistatic method according to OECD No. 203 (Fish, Acute toxicity test). The series of 4 acute toxicity tests was performed, with 10 fish of both species used for each concentration and for the control. The 96hLC50 NO2- value for D. rerio and P. reticulata was 242.55 ± 15.79 mg·l-1 and 30.2 ± 8.74 mg·l-1, respectively. We have proved significant difference (p < 0.05) in sensitivity between D. rerio and P. reticulata. The results showed different sensitivities to nitrites in tested fish species, which could be related to species-specific branchial chloride uptake mechanism. This is the first study on this fish species.

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PARTIAL CHRONIC TOXICITY TEST OF COPPER (Cu2+), ZINC (Zn2+) and CYANIDE (Cn+) FOR YOUNG COBIA FISH (Rachycentron canadum)

Marine Research in Indonesia ◽

10.14203/mri.v33i1.505 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 49-53

Author(s):

Le Quang Dung ◽

Nguyen Duc Cu

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Growth Rate ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

The Body ◽

Toxicity Tests ◽

Fish Length ◽

Toxic Substances ◽

Rachycentron Canadum ◽

Copper Zinc

The partial toxicity tests of copper (Cu2+), zinc (Zn2+) and cyanide (CN-) for young cobia (Rachycentron canadum) fishes 45 days-old were conducted in Doson station during ten days (yr 2005). These three toxic substances affected strongly the growth rate of the Cobia fish (length and weight of the body), even at the lowest treated concentration. The LC50 values of copper, zinc and cyanide were 0.32 mg l-1; over mg l-1 and 0,049 mg l-1, respectively. Based on the statistical analysis of growth rate of cobia by determining 1C25, IC50, NOEC and LOEC values, we have addressed the safe concentrations of these two heavy metals and cyanide in the environmental aquaculture which must be lower than 0.025 mg Cu l-1, 0.5 mg Zn l-1 and 0.005 mg CN l-1, respectively. The result also showed that cyanide was the most toxic to Cobia, followed by copper and zinc.

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Toxicity of sediments under the influence of the submarine emissary of Santos using the marine amphipod Parhyale hawaiensis.

Revista dos Trabalhos de Iniciação Científica da UNICAMP ◽

10.20396/revpibic262018493 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Gabriel Rampazzo Magalhães ◽

Gisela de Aragao Umbuzeiro ◽

Francine Inforçato Vacchi ◽

Amanda dos Santos ◽

Josiane Aparecida de Souza Vendemiatti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Contaminants ◽

Salt Water ◽

Toxicity Tests ◽

Aquatic Biota ◽

Aqueous Fraction ◽

Organic Extracts ◽

Parhyale Hawaiensis ◽

Marine Amphipod ◽

Acute Toxicity Tests ◽

Negative Impacts

In Brazil, the submarine emissary of Santos is considered one of the main emissaries of the country. However, the practice of effluent disposal in the oceans may have negative impacts on aquatic biota. When treatment is not appropriate several contaminants can reach the water and sediments of the disposal area. This work aimed to perform acute toxicity tests with marine amphipod Parhyale hawaiensis, which is a new model for toxicity tests, with sediment samples under the influence of the submarine emissary of Santos. Samples were collected at four different sites in four sampling campaigns and were evaluated as fresh sediment, dry sediment, aqueous fraction (elutriate with sediment and water), and organic extracts. Liquid samples were tested using 96-wells microplates, and the sediment using 12 wells-microplates containing sediment and salt water in 1:4 (w/v). Neonates (< 7 days old) P. hawaiensis were used and placed individually in each well. Exposure conditions were 96h, 24+2ºC, 12h/12h light and dark. From samples analyzed, fresh sediment presented a toxicity for 72% of samples, while dried sediment were toxic for 78% of samples. Besides, all aqueous fraction were negative and organic extracts were toxic for 71% samples. Results suggest that toxicity is mainly related to organic contaminants, which is possible to note that mortality and organic matter are directly proportionals. Therefore, we conclude that the sediments are being adversely affected by outfall discharge.

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Use of Biomonitoring to Control Toxics in the United States

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1988.0129 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 20 (10) ◽

pp. 101-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Nelson A. Thomas

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

National Policy ◽

Single Species ◽

Field Studies ◽

The United States ◽

Toxicity Tests ◽

Toxic Pollutants ◽

Receiving Waters ◽

Biological Field

A biomonitoring program has been developed in support of the National Policy for the Development of Water Quality-Based Permit Limitations for Toxic Pollutants. The program focuses on the use of laboratory toxicity tests on aquatic plants and animals to predict ecosystem impact caused by toxic pollutants. Both acute and chronic toxicity tests were developed to test effluents and ambient waters. Laboratory and biological field studies were conducted at nine sites. Single species laboratory toxicity tests were found to be good predictors of impacts on the ecosystem when two or more species were used. Biomonitoring can be undertaken either on effluents and/or on the receiving waters. In that toxicity related to seeps, leachates and storm sewers has often been found upstream from dischargers, it is beneficial to conduct both effluent and ambient biomonitoring.

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An Approach to Acute, Subacute, Subchronic, and Chronic Toxicity Assessment in Animal Models

Toxicology International ◽

10.22506/ti/2015/v22/i2/137667 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 83

Author(s):

Enegide Chinedu ◽

David Arome ◽

Fidelis Solomon Ameh ◽

Dabum Luka Jacob

Keyword(s):

Animal Models ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Toxicity Assessment

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Effect of caffeine on the growth and photosynthetic efficiency of marine macroalgae

Botanica Marina ◽

10.1515/bot-2020-0055 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 13-18

Author(s):

Ira Gray ◽

Lindsay A. Green-Gavrielidis ◽

Carol Thornber

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽

Sublethal Effects ◽

Marine Species ◽

Marine Organisms ◽

Marine Macroalgae ◽

Chondrus Crispus ◽

Coastal Environments ◽

Codium Fragile ◽

High Concentrations

Abstract Caffeine is present in coastal environments worldwide and there is a need to assess its impact on marine organisms. Here, we exposed two species of ecologically important marine macroalgae (Chondrus crispus and Codium fragile subsp. fragile) to a suite of caffeine concentrations and measured their response. Caffeine concentrations of 10–100 ng L−1 had no significant effect on the growth rate or photosynthetic efficiency of either algae. Extremely high concentrations (100–200 mg L−1), which may occur acutely, produced sublethal effects for both species and mortality in C. fragile subsp. fragile. Our results highlight the need to understand how caffeine impacts marine species.

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