Measuring the Caritas Processes: Caring Factor Survey

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela P. DiNapoli, ◽  
John Nelson, ◽  
Marian Turkel, ◽  
Jean Watson,

The purpose of this quantitative study was to develop a 10-item suwey to measure the caritas processes. By using exploratory factor analysis to examine the underlying structure of the 20-item Caring Factor Survey it was discovered that taken together the caritas processes are a measure of the single concept of caring that can be reliably measured by a 10-item scale. The results of the factor analysis and item reduction, resulting in a 10-item Caring Factor Suwey are presented. The 10-item Caring Factor Suwey can be used by registered nurses in the practice setting to measure caring when practice is guided by Watson’s (1979) theory of human caring.

2020 ◽  
pp. 089484532090179
Author(s):  
Dian R. Sawitri ◽  
Peter A. Creed ◽  
Mirwan S. Perdhana

As there was no existing, psychometrically sound scale that directly assessed the discrepancies that young people experience between individual-set career goals and parent-set career goals, we developed and provided initial validation for a 15-item scale for use with young adults. In Study 1, items were developed, reviewed by experts, and administered to a sample of first year, undergraduate Indonesian students ( N = 426, M age = 18.42 years). We used exploratory factor analysis to reduce the number of items and assess the factor structure and used confirmatory factor analyses on a holdout sample to assess this underlying structure. We then provided evidence for construct validity. Recommendations for use in research and practice are discussed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. P. Hanel ◽  
Punit Shah

AbstractThere is growing interest in quantifying attitudes towards autistic people, however there is relatively little research on psychometric properties of the only existing measure and its ability to predict engagement with people with autism. To begin addressing these issues, we compared three scales measuring attitudes towards autistic people following the development of two new measures. Exploratory factor analysis, across two datasets, revealed that the factor-structure of an established 16-item scale is unclear. Further, its predictive validity of intended engagement with autistic people was comparable to our novel and psychometrically robust 1- and 4-item measures of attitudes towards autistic people. We therefore conclude that a 1- or 4-item scale is sufficient to measure general attitudes towards autistic people in future research. Equally, we propose that additional research is required to develop measures that are grounded in theoretical models of attitude formation and therefore distinguish between different components of attitudes.


2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa A. Guion ◽  
Blanca F. Rivera

This article presents findings from the statistical test of an instrument designed to measure youth’s perceptions of the life skills that were improved as a result of their participation in 4-H Clubs. The questionnaire was administered to 126 4-H club members in Florida. The 19-item self-rating Life Skills Improvement Scale was examined for face and content validity. The results were also submitted for exploratory factor analysis and internal consistency testing. The factor analysis yielded a four-factor solution to the 19-item scale, which accounted for 62.6% of the variance in the scale. The Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient for the 19 items was 0.88. The article also discusses implications and future use of the instrument, as well as recommendations for further study.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Somayeh Kazemi ◽  
Sedigheh-Sadat Tavafian ◽  
Alireza Hidarnia ◽  
Ali Montazeri

Abstract Background: Occupational back pain is the most prevalent health problem among nurses that needs to be assessed by a valid and multi-factorial questionnaire. The purpose of the present study was to design and develop an instrument for assessing job-related back pain prevention behaviors among nursing professionals. Methods: First an item pool of 49 items was generated. Then, content and face validity was carried out. Consequently, a cross-sectional study was conducted in Mazandaran, Iran. The questionnaire was distributed among a sample of nurses working in hospitals affiliated to Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Exploratory factor analysis was used to determine the factor structure of the questionnaire. Item-scale correlation matrix employed to examine the construct validity. The Cronbach’s alpha was estimated to assess the reliability and the intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated to examine stability. Results: In all 155 nurses participated in the study. The mean age of respondents was 34.1 (SD = 7.66) years, and 83.2% were female. Six factors with 30 items emerged from the exploratory factor analysis: knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, reinforcing factors, enabling factors and behavior that jointly accounted for %66.5 of variance observed. Item-scale correlation matrix showed satisfactory results lending support to construct validity of the questionnaire. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient showed excellent internal consistency (alpha=0.92). The intraclass correlation coefficient with 2-weeks interval also indicated that the questionnaire has satisfactory stability (ICC = 0.97). Conclusions: The findings showed that the Occupational Back Pain Prevention Behavior Questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring occupational back pain prevention behaviors among nurses. Keywords: Occupational Back Pain, Prevention behaviors, Psychometric evaluation, PRECEDE-PROCEED model, Nurse


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tharun Dolla ◽  
Boeing Laishram

PurposeEffective maintenance of rural roads is an essential aspect of public infrastructure delivery. However, governments failed to upkeep the built infrastructure. Accordingly, this study addresses this pressing issue by identifying attributes, skills and resources for asset maintenance. To do this, collaborative governance, a recent plausible alternative in the public policy literature, is used.Design/methodology/approachThe literature review proffered 29 strategies for operationalising collaborative governance principles. A questionnaire survey with the public sector representatives comprising top-level, mid-level and lower-level engineers was used to test the applicability of these strategies in rural infrastructure maintenance of India. The rated responses concerning strategies were subjected to exploratory factor analysis to determine the underlying structure for reducing the dimensions to make them practically operational.FindingsThe exploratory factor analysis showed that six dimensions play an essential role in initiating and promoting collaboration. This parsimonious framework suggests building a common collaborative framework, communicating vision and fostering communities, leadership, increasing the industry's capacity, transparency of power and responsibilities, and technical and financial resources. Thus, governments’ initiatives to build collaboration is most prominent in initiating and sustaining a successful collaboration.Practical implicationsThe practical strategies reinforced through this study can formalise self-initiated regimes or independently convened regimes to a federally directed regime well within the scope of the national programmes. Thus, findings primarily have considerable implications to emerging countries where reducing the unit costs to save the public exchequer from wastage and preventing assets from becoming dilapidate are essential.Originality/valuePublic sector practitioners often lack the essential skills and innovative thinking and thus offered new knowledge would transform the traditional practices in infrastructure maintenance. Theoretically, the present research advances the understanding of structures and processes for collaborative governance theory to non-contractual infrastructure asset management literature.


Author(s):  
Hongying Wang ◽  
Bo Shen ◽  
Jin Bo

Purpose: With the belief that situational interest (SI) can be characterized as being triggered and maintained, the authors conducted this study to identify the underlying structure of SI and to develop a new measurement in physical education. Method: There were 558 students from two urban high schools in Shanghai, China, who served as participants. The authors developed the Situational Interest Inventory-Physical Education through three systematic stages. Both exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted. Results: An exploratory factor analysis provided preliminary support, with a model comprising three components: triggered SI, maintained SI feeling, and maintained SI value. The three-component model was further corroborated through a confirmatory factor analysis. Its predictive validity was supported with significant correlations to in-class engagement. Conclusion: The findings lend initial evidence to the theoretical mechanism of interest development. Clarifying how SI is related to the mode of teachers’ instruction and learning content may help design effective motivational strategies and nurture long-term individual interest.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Zahirah Balqis-Ali ◽  
Pui San Saw ◽  
Anis Syakira Jailani ◽  
Weng Hong Fun ◽  
Noridah Mohd Saleh ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The Person-centred Practice Inventory-Staff (PCPI-S) instrument was developed to measure healthcare providers’ perception towards their person-centred practice. The study aimed to explore the influence of culture, context, language and local practice towards the PCPI-S instrument adaptation process for use among public primary care healthcare providers in Malaysia. Methods The original PCPI-S was reviewed and adapted for cultural suitability by an expert committee to ensure conceptual and item equivalence. The instrument was subsequently translated into the local Malay language using the forward-backward translation by two independent native speakers, and modified following pre-tests involving cognitive debriefing interviews. The psychometric properties of the corresponding instrument were determined by assessing the internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and correlation of the instrument, while the underlying structure was analysed using exploratory factor analysis. Results Review by expert committee found items applicable to local context. Pre-tests on the translated instrument found multiple domains and questions were misinterpreted. Many translations were heavily influenced by culture, context, and language discrepancies. Results of the subsequent pilot study found mean scores for all items ranged from 2.92 to 4.39. Notable ceiling effects were found. Internal consistency was high (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.9). Exploratory factor analysis found formation of 11 components as opposed to the original 17 constructs. Conclusion The results of this study provide evidence regarding the reliability and underlying structure of the PCPI-S instrument with regard to primary care practice. Culture, context, language and local practice heavily influenced the adaptation as well as interpretation of the underlying structure and should be given emphasis when translating person-centred into practice.


BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e033053
Author(s):  
Jaimi H Greenslade ◽  
Marianne C Wallis ◽  
Amy Johnston ◽  
Eric Carlström ◽  
Daniel Wilhelms ◽  
...  

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to develop and validate a scale to measure the coping strategies used by emergency staff in response to workplace stress. To achieve this aim, we developed a refined Jalowiec Coping Scale (JCS), termed the Jalowiec Coping Scale-Emergency Department (JCS-ED) and validated this scale on a sample of emergency clinicians.DesignA cross-sectional survey incorporating the JCS, the working environment scale-10 and a measure of workplace stressors was administered between July 2016 and June 2017. The JCS-ED was developed in three stages: 1) item reduction through content matter experts, 2) exploratory factor analysis for further item reduction and to identify the factor structure of the revised scale and 3) confirmatory factor analyses to confirm the factors identified within the exploratory factor analysis.SettingSix Emergency Departments (EDs) in Australia and four in Sweden. There were three tertiary hospitals, five large urban hospitals and two small urban hospitals.ParticipantsParticipants were eligible for inclusion if they worked full-time or part-time as medical or nursing staff in the study EDs. The median age of participants was 35 years (IQR: 28–45 years) and they had been working in the ED for a median of 5 years (IQR: 2–10 years). 79% were females and 76% were nurses.ResultsA total of 875 ED staff completed the survey (response rate 51%). The content matter experts reduced the 60-item scale to 32 items. Exploratory factor analyses then further reduced the scale to 18 items assessing three categories of coping: problem-focussed coping, positive emotion-focussed coping and negative emotion-focussed coping. Confirmatory factor analysis supported this three-factor structure. Negative coping strategies were associated with poor perceptions of the work environment and higher ratings of stress.ConclusionsThe JCS-ED assesses maladaptive coping strategies along with problem-focussed and emotion-focussed coping styles. It is a short instrument that is likely to be useful in measuring the types of coping strategies employed by staff.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Vaz De Braganca ◽  
R. Nirmala

Abstract Background Professionalism is a key trait connecting the nurse and patient, and Code of Professional Conduct, a professional legitimacy in considering nursing as a profession and an essential tool that facilitates nurse practice. This study aims to develop Nurse Professionalism Scale using the Code of Professional Conduct for Nurses in India and test the psychometric properties. Methods A sample of 1054 registered nurses working in various work areas at different levels and sectors of health care was selected using stratified random sampling. Data were collected through self-report from registered nurses and multi-source feedback from their supervisors and colleagues. A total of 830 self-reported data sets, 687 supervisor and 747 colleague responses were received. Following data cleaning, complete sets of 644 self-supervisor-colleague responses were used for analysis using exploratory factor analysis in SPSS version 25 and confirmatory factor analysis in AMOS 22. Results Reliability estimate for internal consistency of the 38 item scale was .910 (self report), .951 (supervisor feedback) and .952 (colleague feedback). Exploratory factor analysis using self-reports extracted five factors with 22 items at Eigen values > 1. Items with communalities ≥ .4 and factor loadings ≥ .5 were retained. Five factors explained total cumulative variance extracted at 51 percent and KMO value of .893 indicated sample adequacy. Bartlett Test of Sphericity was significant (χ2 = 3318, df = 231, p < .000). The factors are labelled with reference to the original code and higher factor loading. CFA using supervisors feedback (CMIN/DF = 2.938; GFI = .926, TLI = .927; CFI = .939 and RMSEA = .055) and colleagues feedback (CMIN/DF = 3.165; GFI = .921, TLI = .908; CFI = .923 and RMSEA = .058) yielded acceptable model fit indices confirming the psychometric properties. Conclusions The scale can be used as a tool to evaluate professionalism among nurses across different settings. Multisource feedback from stakeholders can also be considered as an effective method of gathering data on this construct.


Author(s):  
Farooq Miiro

The empirical study presents the findings generated from 300 randomly selected respondednts from six universities in the central region of Uganda. The survey tool contained 24 self-reported items with a five point Likert measuring scale chosen from the earlier studies done on the four sub-dimension of talent management construct. Exploratory Factor Analysis was used with Promax rotation to establish whether identification, development, culture and retention are true dimensions of talent management construct. The results from the date exhibited that the four factors of talent management structure were explained at 56.1% variance. The validity and reliability were sound enough since the internal consistency scale estimates ranged from 0.837 (identification), 0.7(development), 0.707 (culture) and 0.758 (retention) for the factor structure extracted. Lastly, the findings gave plausible empirical evidence for the validity of the four sub-dimensions and their individual items.


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