scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC AND MANAGEMENT OF PATIENT WITH ADRENOCORTICAL CARCINOMA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Mamluatul Karimah
Keyword(s):  
Adrenocortical Carcinoma ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Menstrual Disorders ◽  
Laboratory Examination ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Morning Serum Cortisol ◽  
The Right ◽  
Capsule Invasion ◽  
Mass Enhancement

Endogenous Cushing’s syndrome is a rare case, and about 8% is due to adrenocortical carcinoma. We report a case of a 31-year-old womanwith complaints of weight gain, round face, brown lines, menstrual disorders, and limb weakness. On physical examination, there werehypertension, moon face, central obesity, and stroke. On laboratory examination, there were morning serum cortisol levels were 46.87 andACTH levels 5. On CT scan. It was found that the right adrenal gland solid mass enhancement was +/- 6.6x4.9x7.3 cm, with suspicion ofadrenal carcinoma. On histopathological examination, adrenocortical carcinoma was obtained, and capsule invasion was obtained. Patients underwent surgery to remove the tumor, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The patient was alive and had no residual mass at the surgical bed.

Regression of hypertrophic osteopathy in a cat after surgical excision of an adrenocortical carcinoma

1999 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 499-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
TJ Becker ◽  
RL Perry ◽  
GL Watson
Keyword(s):  
Adrenocortical Carcinoma ◽  
Adrenal Tumor ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Appendicular Skeleton ◽  
Complete Regression ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Radiographic Evidence ◽  
The Right

A 12-year-old, spayed, female domestic shorthair cat was diagnosed with severe and extensive hypertrophic osteopathy of the appendicular skeleton. Diagnostic ultrasound detected a mass lesion in the right adrenal gland. A right adrenalectomy was performed, and histopathological examination confirmed an adrenocortical carcinoma. No radiographic evidence of pulmonary metastasis was found on initial presentation or recheck thoracic radiographs taken 15 weeks later. Almost complete regression of periosteal new bone formation occurred 15 weeks following the successful surgical removal of the adrenal tumor.

Z-line degradation and phagocytosis of sarcomeric fragments in myonecrosis

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 790-791
Author(s):  
Melinda L. Estes ◽  
Samuel M. Chou
Keyword(s):  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Inflammatory Myopathy ◽  
Muscle Disease ◽  
White Female ◽  
Inflammatory Cell Infiltrate ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Muscle Diseases ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mononuclear Inflammatory Cell

Many muscle diseases show common pathological features although their etiology is different. In primary muscle diseases a characteristic finding is myofiber necrosis. The mechanism of myonecrosis is unknown. Polymyositis is a primary muscle disease characterized by acute and subacute degeneration as well as regeneration of muscle fibers coupled with an inflammatory infiltrate. We present a case of polymyositis with unusual ultrastructural features indicative of the basic pathogenetic process involved in myonecrosis.The patient is a 63-year-old white female with a one history of proximal limb weakness, weight loss and fatigue. Examination revealed mild proximal weakness and diminished deep tendon reflexes. Her creatine kinase was 1800 mU/ml (normal < 140 mU/ml) and electromyography was consistent with an inflammatory myopathy which was verified by light microscopy on biopsy muscle. Ultrastructural study of necrotizing myofiber, from the right vastus lateralis, showed: (1) degradation of the Z-lines with preservation of the adjacent Abands including M-lines and H-bands, (Fig. 1), (2) fracture of the sarcomeres at the I-bands with disappearance of the Z-lines, (Fig. 2), (3) fragmented sarcomeres without I-bands, engulfed by invading phagocytes, (Fig. 3, a & b ), and (4) mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltrate in the endomysium.

Popliteal artery thrombosis secondary to a tibial osteochondroma

VASA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gruber-Szydlo ◽  
Poreba ◽  
Belowska-Bien ◽  
Derkacz ◽  
Badowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Angiography ◽  
Popliteal Artery ◽  
Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Plain Radiography ◽  
Artery Thrombosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Popliteal artery thrombosis may present as a complication of an osteochondroma located in the vicinity of the knee joint. This is a case report of a 26-year-old man with symptoms of the right lower extremity ischaemia without a previous history of vascular disease or trauma. Plain radiography, magnetic resonance angiography and Doppler ultrasonography documented the presence of an osteochondrous structure of the proximal tibial metaphysis, which displaced and compressed the popliteal artery, causing its occlusion due to intraluminal thrombosis..The patient was operated and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of osteochondroma.

Successful Control of a Co-Infection Caused by Candida albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Keratitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debarati Paul ◽  
Suman Saha ◽  
Neelam Singh ◽  
Jayansgu Sengupta ◽  
Santi M. Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
Male Farmer ◽  
Successful Control ◽  
The Right ◽  
Corneal Button

Introduction: Nowadays, co-infection by interspecific organisms is major threat in infection control. To identify the effective combination of drugs to control the keratitis caused by Candida albicans with Pseudomonas aeruginosa are attributed in this study. Materilas and Methods: The patient of a 47 years old male farmer with infection in the right eye which showed redness and watering was treated with fortified cefazolin and fortified tobramycin before referral. No pigmentation or vascularisation was noted. The excised corneal button was also subjected to microbiological and histopathological examination. Results: A rare case of keratitis caused by co-infection of Candida albicans with Pseudomonas aeruginosa was identified. Results confirmed the inter-specific interaction of the two microorganisms. Conclusion: Cases of co-infection by Candida and Pseudomonas are not abundantly reported and difficult to treat. In this case, treatment involved Amphotercin-B and ciprofloxacin, effectively eradicated the infection. This therapy may be successfully implied for such cases of co-infection in future.

Biochemical and Histopathological Evaluation of the Radioprotective Effects of Melatonin Against Gamma Ray-Induced Skin Damage

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dheyauldeen Shabeeb ◽  
Masoud Najafi ◽  
Ahmed Eleojo Musa ◽  
Mansoor Keshavarz ◽  
Alireza Shirazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Exposed Skin ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Skin Damages ◽  
The Right

Background:Radiotherapy is one of the treatment methods for cancers using ionizing radiations. About 70% of cancer patients undergo radiotherapy. Radiation effect on the skin is one of the main complications of radiotherapy and dose limiting factor. To ameliorate this complication, we used melatonin as a radioprotective agent due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, free radical scavenging, improving overall survival after irradiation as well as minimizing the degree of DNA damage and frequency of chromosomal abrasions.Methods:Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups: control (C), melatonin (M), radiation (R) and melatonin + radiation (MR). A single dose of 30 Gy gamma radiation was exposed to the right hind legs of the rats while 40 mg/ml of melatonin was administered 30 minutes before irradiation and 2 mg/ml once daily in the afternoon for one month till the date of rat’s sacrifice. Five rats from each group were sacrificed 4, 12 and 20 weeks after irradiation. Afterwards, their exposed skin tissues were examined histologically and biochemically.Results:In biochemical analysis, we found that malondialdehyde (MDA) levels significantly increased in R group and decreased significantly in M and MR groups after 4, 12, and 20 weeks, whereas catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities decreased in the R group and increased in M and MR groups during the same time periods compared with the C group (p<0.05). Histopathological examination found there were statistically significant differences between R group compared with the C and M groups for the three different time periods (p<0.005, p<0.004 and p<0.004) respectively, while R group differed significantly with MR group (p<0.013). No significant differences were observed between C and M compared with MR group (p>0.05) at 4 and 20 weeks except for inflammation and hair follicle atrophy, while there were significant effects at 12 weeks (p<0.05).Conclusion:Melatonin can be successfully used for the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced skin injury. We recommend the use of melatonin in optimal and safe doses. These doses should be administered over a long period of time for effective radioprotection and amelioration of skin damages as well as improving the therapeutic ratio of radiotherapy.

scholarly journals Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy of a Solitary Metachronous Sphenoid Metastasis from Renal Cell Cancer: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 269-273
Author(s):  
Charles Marchand Crety ◽  
Estelle Vigneau ◽  
Camille Invernizzi
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Cancer ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Right

Nasosinus metastases from kidney cancer are an unusual clinical presentation although some cases are reported in the literature. Among these cases, sphenoidal metastases are even rarer. Here we report a case of lone sphenoid metastasis in patients with papillary renal cell cancer. Eight months after radical nephrectomy, the patient presented with progressively worsening diplopia. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a mass in the right sphenoid sinus. Histopathological examination of the biopsy sample confirmed diagnosis of sinonasal metastasis from papillary renal cell carcinoma. The patient was declined for surgical management and received stereotactic body radiation therapy. Reassessment MRI at 4 months showed a complete response of the treated sphenoid lesion.

scholarly journals Ambient air pollutants are associated with morning serum cortisol in overweight and obese Latino youth in Los Angeles

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Toledo-Corral ◽  
T. L. Alderete ◽  
M. M. Herting ◽  
R. Habre ◽  
A. K. Peterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Latino Youth ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Pubertal Status ◽  
Ambient Air Pollutants ◽  
Morning Cortisol ◽  
Morning Serum Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Abstract Background Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis dysfunction has been associated with a variety of mental health and cardio-metabolic disorders. While causal models of HPA-axis dysregulation have been largely focused on either pre-existing health conditions or psychosocial stress factors, recent evidence suggests a possible role for central nervous system activation via air pollutants, such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3) and particulate matter (PM). Therefore, in an observational study of Latino youth, we investigated if monthly ambient NO2, O3, and PM with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 (PM2.5) exposure were associated with morning serum cortisol levels. Methods In this cross-sectional study, morning serum cortisol level was assessed after a supervised overnight fast in 203 overweight and obese Latino children and adolescents (female/male: 88/115; mean age: 11.1 ± 1.7 years; pre-pubertal/pubertal/post-pubertal: 85/101/17; BMI z-score: 2.1 ± 0.4). Cumulative concentrations of NO2, O3 and PM2.5 were spatially interpolated at the residential addresses based on measurements from community monitors up to 12 months prior to testing. Single and multi-pollutant linear effects models were used to test the cumulative monthly lag effects of NO2, O3, and PM2.5 on morning serum cortisol levels after adjusting for age, sex, seasonality, social position, pubertal status, and body fat percent by DEXA. Results Single and multi-pollutant models showed that higher O3 exposure (derived from maximum 8-h exposure windows) in the prior 1–7 months was associated with higher serum morning cortisol (p < 0.05) and longer term PM2.5 exposure (4–10 months) was associated with lower serum morning cortisol levels (p < 0.05). Stratification by pubertal status showed associations in pre-pubertal children compared to pubertal and post-pubertal children. Single, but not multi-pollutant, models showed that higher NO2 over the 4–10 month exposure period associated with lower morning serum cortisol (p < 0.05). Conclusions Chronic ambient NO2, O3 and PM2.5 differentially associate with HPA-axis dysfunction, a mechanism that may serve as an explanatory pathway in the relationship between ambient air pollution and metabolic health of youth living in polluted urban environments. Further research that uncovers how ambient air pollutants may differentially contribute to HPA-axis dysfunction are warranted.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical detection of procalcitonin in fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kotaro Matsumoto ◽  
Kentaro Kikuchi ◽  
Ayako Hara ◽  
Hiromichi Tsunashima ◽  
Koichi Tsuneyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Epigastric Pain ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Biopsy ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Right Lobe ◽  
The Right

AbstractA 25-year-old woman with fever and epigastric pain was referred to our hospital. Blood examination showed significant liver dysfunction, markedly high C-reactive protein (CRP 19.1 mg/dL) and procalcitonin (48.3 ng/mL) levels. Dynamic computed tomography showed a tumor approximately 120 mm in size in the right lobe of the liver, but with no abscess formation. The patient was hospitalized and started on antibiotics; her CRP level improved, but the procalcitonin level did not decrease. Histopathological examination of the liver tumor biopsy revealed fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLC). Positive staining of the FLC with an anti-procalcitonin antibody suggested the production of procalcitonin.

scholarly journals Percutaneous C-Arm Free O-Arm Navigated Biopsy for Spinal Pathologies: A Technical Note

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 636
Author(s):  
Masato Tanaka ◽  
Sumeet Sonawane ◽  
Koji Uotani ◽  
Yoshihiro Fujiwara ◽  
Kittipong Sessumpun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Percutaneous Biopsy ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Spinal Tumors ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Ct Guided Biopsy ◽  
The Right

Background: Percutaneous biopsy under computed tomography (CT) guidance is a standard technique to obtain a definitive diagnosis when spinal tumors, metastases or infections are suspected. However, specimens obtained using a needle are sometimes inadequate for correct diagnosis. This report describes a unique biopsy technique which is C-arm free O-arm navigated using microforceps. This has not been previously described as a biopsy procedure. Case description: A 74-year-old man with T1 vertebra pathology was referred to our hospital with muscle weakness of the right hand, clumsiness and cervicothoracic pain. CT-guided biopsy was performed, but histopathological diagnosis could not be obtained due to insufficient tissue. The patient then underwent biopsy under O-arm navigation, so we could obtain sufficient tissue and small cell carcinoma was diagnosed on histopathological examination. A patient later received chemotherapy and radiation. Conclusions: C-arm free O-arm navigated biopsy is an effective technique for obtaining sufficient material from spine pathologies. Tissue from an exact pathological site can be obtained with 3-D images. This new O-arm navigation biopsy may provide an alternative to repeat CT-guided or open biopsy.

scholarly journals Surgical management outcome of cerebral schistosomiasis: a case report and review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moayad Moawia ZainElabdin Ahmed ◽  
Haytham Hussein Mohammed Osman ◽  
Alaa Hatim Ameer Mohamed ◽  
Alaaeldin Ginawi
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
General Test ◽  
Bilateral Lower Limb ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
The Right ◽  
Antiparasitic Agents

Abstract Background Schistosomiasis is a parasitic infection that commonly affects the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts. Cerebral schistosomiasis is rare, and few operative cases have been reported in the literature. Diagnosis is usually challenging due to the similarity of the lesion to many other brain conditions. Treatment usually requires surgical resection combined with the use of antiparasitic agents, which often results in good outcomes and excellent prognosis. Case presentation A 24-year-old, previously healthy Afro-asiatic man presented to our neurosurgical outpatient clinic complaining of headache and an attack of convulsions. On examination, he had bilateral lower limb weakness more on the right side. Laboratory investigations including stool and urine general test results were unremarkable. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was performed and showed an intra-axial left parietal mass; a granulomatous lesion was suggested in the differential diagnoses. The patient underwent craniotomy and total resection of the lesion. Histopathology confirmed the presence of active cerebral Schistosoma mansoni infection. Orally administered praziquantel was initiated at a dose of 20 mg/kg twice a day for a total of 3 days along with oral administration of corticosteroids for 2 weeks. The patient improved postoperatively without residual weakness and with no further convulsions. Conclusion Cerebral schistosomiasis is a rare but important consideration in the list of differential diagnoses of cerebral space-occupying lesions. This is of particular importance in in endemic areas like Sudan. In order to reach a diagnosis, careful social and occupational history need to be obtained and correlated with the clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings. Surgical resection along with the use of proper antiparasitic agents usually provides the best clinical outcomes.

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