ANALYSIS OF USERS’ ATTITUDES ABOUT THE TOLL COLLECTION SYSTEM IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Collection System ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Toll Collection ◽  
The Republic

scholarly journals Projection of the Electronic Toll Collection System in the Republic of Croatia

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-130
Author(s):  
Marko Vidmar ◽  
Marino Žagar ◽  
Mile Perić
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Electronic Toll Collection ◽  
Toll Collection ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Technological Improvements

This paper deals with the topic of a modern electronic toll collection system that will be applied in the Republic of Croatia from the year 2022 onwards. The paper primarily analyses the existing toll collection systems in Croatia, as well as in the European Union. Modern electronic toll collection systems were analysed with an emphasis on the ANPR (Automatic Number Plate Recognition) system, because ANPR technology will be used in Croatia after the restructuring of road traffic occurs. ANPR is not a new technology, however in the last twenty years it has found its wider application. This happened mostly thanks to local and global infrastructural development and technological improvements therefore in turn infrastructure required for the operation of this system became cheaper. By applying the ETC and ANPR, Croatia will have a system in line with European directives and practices which are being applied in other European countries. The system will in turn significantly raise the quality of road traffic in Croatia and reduce its costs.

scholarly journals Selection of the Optimal Toll Collection System for the Purposes of Sustainable Development of Transport in the Republic of Srpska

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Injac ◽  
Danislav Drašković
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Pollution ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Toll Collection ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Multidimensional Effects ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Selection Of

Transport system has multiple interactions and multidimensional effects on the environment, by way of, amongst other, land acquisition and urban pollution; on economic development with regard to the GDP growth; as well as on social equity in terms of access, quality of life and health of population. This paper considers the possibility of introducing toll collection in the Republic of Srpska. The goal of the developed model is to increase revenue, which could be directed to the sustainable development of transport in the Republic of Srpska. The selection of a toll collection system has been made taking account of: economic, traffic, technical, organizational and exploitation criteria. Multiple-criteria approach has been applied together with the Analytic Hierarchy Process.

Legal and Institutional Functionality in the Protection of Women – Victims of Domestic Violence in the Republic of Macedonia – Present Situation and Future Perspectives

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Zorica Saltirovska Professor ◽  
Sunchica Dimitrijoska Professor
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Women Victims ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
National Level ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Gender Based

Gender-based violence is a form of discrimination that prevents women from enjoying the rights and liberties on an equal level with men. Inevitably, domestic violence shows the same trend of victimizing women to such a degree that the term “domestic violence” is increasingly becoming synonymous with “violence against women”. The Istanbul Convention defines domestic violence as "gender-based violence against women", or in other words "violence that is directed against a woman because she is a woman or that affects women disproportionately." The situation is similar in the Republic of Macedonia, where women are predominantly victims of domestic violence. However, the Macedonian legal framework does not define domestic violence as gender-based violence, and thus it does not define it as a specific form of discrimination against women. The national legislation stipulates that victims are to be protected in both a criminal and a civil procedure, and the Law on Prevention and Protection from Domestic Violence determines the actions of the institutions and civil organizations in the prevention of domestic violence and the protection of victims. The system for protection of victims of domestic violence closely supports the Law on Social Protection and the Law on Free Legal Aid, both of which include provisions on additional assistance for women victims of domestic violence. However, the existing legislation has multiple deficiencies and does not allow for a greater efficacy in implementing the prescribed measures for the protection of victims of domestic violence. For this reason, as well as due to the inconsistent implementation of legal solutions of this particular issue, the civil sector is constantly expressing their concern about the increasingly wider spread of domestic violence against women and about the protection capabilities at their disposal. The lack of recognition of all forms of gender-based violence, the trivial number of criminal sentences against persons who perform acts of domestic violence, the insufficient support offered to victims – including victim shelters, legal assistance, and counseling, and the lack of systematic databases on domestic violence cases on a national level, are a mere few of the many issues clearly pointing to the inevitable conclusion that the protection of women-victims of domestic violence is inadequate. Hence, the functionality and efficiency of both the existing legislation and the institutions in charge of protection and support of women – victims of domestic violence is being questioned, which is also the subject for analysis in this paper.

OWNERSHIP IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA AND THE STATE AS THE HOLDER OF THE PROPERTY RIGHT UNDER THE CONSTITUTION IN 1991

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1993-2005
Author(s):  
Shemsije Demiri ◽  
Rudina Kaja
Keyword(s):  
Legal Aspect ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
State Function ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Republic

This paper deals with the right to property in general terms from its source in Roman law, which is the starting point for all subsequent legal systems. As a result of this, the acquisition of property rights is handled from the historical point of view, with the inclusion of various local and international literature and studies, as well as the legal aspect devoted to the respective civil codes of the states cited in the paper.Due to such socio-economic developments, state ownership and its ownership function have changed. The state function as owner of property also changed in Macedonia's property law.The new constitutional sequence of the Republic of Macedonia since 1991 became privately owned as a dominant form of ownership, however, state ownership also exists.This process of transforming social property into state or private (dissolves), in Macedonia starts from Yugoslavia through privatization, return and denationalization measures, on which basis laws on privatization have been adopted. Because of this, there will be particularly intensive negotiations regaring the remaining state assets.

MEASURES FOR PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN R. MACEDONIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1919-1923
Author(s):  
Tatijana Ashtalkoska-Baloska ◽  
Aleksandra Srbinovska-Doncevsk
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The Public ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Modest Contribution ◽  
Serious Crime ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Main Motive ◽  
The Republic

A number of abuses of power and position, daily committed for acquisition of unlawful profit, beyond of permitted and envisaged legal jobs, starting from the lowest level, to the so-called, daily corruption, which most often is related to existential needs and it acts harmless, not even grow into another form, to one that uses such profits as the main motive for generating huge illegal gains for a longer period of time, by exploiting and abusing high social position, corruption in public sector, but today already in private sector too, are part of corruption in the broadest sense, embracing all its forms, those who do not enter in zone of punishment and those who means committing of serious crime. It has many forms, but due to focusing on a particular problem, as a better way to contribute a solution, this paper will focus on the analysis of corruption in the public administration in the Republic of Macedonia, and finding measures for its prevention and reduction, which we hope will give a modest contribution to its real legal protection, not only in declarative efforts in some new strategy for its prevention and suppression.

Wyzwanie dla tożsamości międzynarodowej Macedonii – grecko macedoński spór o nazwę państwa

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 333-350
Author(s):  
Artur Adamczyk ◽  
Mladen Karadzoski
Keyword(s):  
The European Union ◽  
Small Country ◽  
Main Obstacle ◽  
The Road ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
On The Road ◽  
International Identity ◽  
Of Greece

The main purpose of the article is to present how the Greek- -Macedonian naming dispute influenced the problem of implementation the international identity of Macedonia. Despite the initial problems of the government in Skopje related to determining their international identity, Macedonians managed to define the principles regarding the identification of a new state on the international stage. As a small country with limited attributes to shape its international position, Macedonia has basically been determined to seek guarantees for its existence and security in stable and predictable European international structures such as NATO and the European Union. The main obstacle for Macedonians on the road to Euro-Atlantic structures was the veto of Greece, a member of these organizations, resulting from Athens’ refusal to accept the name the Republic of Macedonia. The Prespa Agreement of 2018 gave a new impetus to the realization of the international identity of North Macedonia.

Information fusion based interference solution in electronic toll collection system

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 2660-2663
Author(s):  
Liang WANG ◽  
Hua-xiang LU ◽  
Wei-ping JING ◽  
Tian-xiang CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Information Fusion ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Electronic Toll Collection ◽  
Toll Collection
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