scholarly journals Efficacy of Some Bacterial Biocontrol Agents as Seed Treatment against Root Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on Tomato

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1043-1046
Author(s):  
Karter Nyodu ◽  
Debanand Das
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root System ◽  
Bacillus Megaterium ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Root Knot Nematode

Pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of two formulations (talc formulation and vermi formulation) of four bacterial nematode biocontrol agents viz., Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonus flourescens as seed treatment against root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on tomato. All the bioagents were tries at 10 and 20g / kg of seed. The experiment was terminated at 60 days after sowing the seed. The results revealed that all the treatments significantly increased the plant growth parameters and reduced the nematode multiplication over untreated control. However, maximum plant growth parameters and minimum galls per root system, eggmasses per root system, eggs per egg masses and final nematode population was recorded when seeds of tomato (var. Pusa Ruby) was treated with talc formulation of Pseudomonus flourescens @20g/kg followed by seed treatment with vermi formulation of Bacillus subtilis @ 20g/kg of seed.

Effect of Oil Cakes and Bio-agents Each Alone and in Combination for Management of Root Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in Green Gram

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 286-294
Author(s):  
Poornata Jena ◽  
◽  
N. K. Sahoo ◽  
J. K. Mahalik ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Neem Cake ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Am Fungus

A pot experiment was carried out in the net house of Department of Nematology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India during June to August, 2017 on the application of oilcakes (mustard cake and neem cake) and bio-agents (Trichoderma viride, Glomus fasciculatum, Rhizobium leguminosarum) each alone and in combination for the management of root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in green gram. Result of the experiment indicated that soil application of mustard or neem cake @ 50 g m-2 with AM fungus (Glomus fasciculatum) @ 5 g m-² and seed treatment of Rhizobium @ 25 g kg-1 of green gram seed declined the root knot nematode population, number of galls plant-1, number of eggmass plant-1and root knot index with corresponding increase of plant growth parameters and chlorophyll content in green gram plant as compared to other treatments and untreated check. But integration of mustard cake @ 50 g m-2 at 2 weeks prior to sowing with AM fungus @ 5 g m-2 at 10 days before sowing and seed treatment of Rhizobium @ 25 g kg-1 green gram seed exhibited the lowest M. incognita population 200 cc soil-1 (153.33 J2), number of galls plant-1 (7.0), number of eggmass plant-1 (2.0) and root knot index (2.0) reflecting enhancement of plant growth parameters, number of pods (206.67%), number of nodules (691.17%) over untreated check. This integrated management module also recorded maximum increase in the availability of NPK content in soil and chlorophyll content as compared to other treatments.

scholarly journals Management of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita of eggplant using some growth-promoting rhizobacteria and chitosan under greenhouse conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Usama Samy Elkelany ◽  
Nehal Samy El-Mougy ◽  
Mokhtar Mohamed Abdel-Kader
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Azotobacter Chroococcum ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Growth Promoting

Abstract Background Eggplant (Solanum melongena) is one of the most popular vegetable crops in Egypt. It is affected by a wide range of pests; prominent among them is root-knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne spp. which constitutes a major group of plant-parasitic nematodes causing great economic losses worldwide especially in Egypt. Main body The present investigation was performed under greenhouse conditions to evaluate the potentials of 3 growth-promoting bacteria, Azospirilum brasilense, Azotobacter chroococcum, and Bacillus subtilis, as well as chitosan for the control of the nematode Meloidogyne incognita causes root-knot disease of eggplant cv. Baladi. All treatments reduced (p ≤ 0.05) the nematode population in soil and roots as well as enhanced the plant growth parameters of eggplant remarkably than the control. The applied treatments varied in their efficacy against the plant nematode infection in correspondence to the time of application. The recorded results demonstrated that maximum reduction in J2 in soil, egg mass/root, and eggs/egg masses were obtained by treating the soil with Bacillus subtilis followed by Azospirilum brasilense and Azotobacter chroococcum. Also, chitosan resulted in high reduction in root galls compared to control treatment. Conclusion The use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, Azospirilum brasilense, Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus subtilis, and chitosan achieved efficient control to Meloidogyne incognita and consequently increase eggplant growth parameters under greenhouse conditions. The present results suggested introducing such rhizobacteria in integrated nematode management program.

scholarly journals Management of Root Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita in Banana (Cv. Robusta) through Biocontrol Agents and Neem Cake

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Saravanan ◽  
N. Ilavarasan ◽  
A. Karthikeyan ◽  
B. Padmanaban
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Banana Plant ◽  
Neem Cake ◽  
Gm Plant

A pot culture experiment was performed to study the effect of native promising biocontrol agents and neem cake separately and in combination against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita infecting banana cv. Robusta during 2016-2017. Treatments treated with bioagents and neem cake enhanced plant growth and root characters and suppressed root gall development in banana plant as compared to nematode alone and untreated control treatments. Among the various treatments, the combined application of Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 10 g/plant + Trichoderma viride @ 10 gm/plant + neem cake @ 100 gm/plant resulted in maximum increase of plant height (38.8 cm), number of leaves (7), pseudostem girth (15 cm), root length (25.6 cm), highest number of healthy roots (17.0), poor number of infected roots (3.3), lowest root gall index (1 scale) and significantly reduced root-knot nematode population both soil (55.0 nos) and roots (90.0 nos). The application of single bioagent either P.fluorescens @ 10 gm/plant or T.viride @ 10 gm/plant along with neem cake were also recorded highest plant growth parameters and poor nematode infestation when compared to nematode alone treated control plant.

scholarly journals Phytochemical management of root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) kofoid and white chitwood by Artemisia spp. in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 829-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Khan ◽  
I. Naz ◽  
S. Hussain ◽  
R. A. A. Khan ◽  
S. Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Screen House

Abstract In vitro and screen house experiments were conducted to investigate the effectiveness of thirteen phytochemicals from Artemisia elegantissimia and A. incisa on root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) cv. Rio Grande. A positive control (Carbofuran) and negative control (H2O) were also used for comparison. Effectiveness of phytochemicals against juveniles (J2s) mortality and egg hatch inhibition were evaluated after 24, 48 and 72 hours of incubation at three concentrations viz; 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg/mL in vitro conditions. Amongst thirteen phytochemicals, Isoscopletin (Coumarin), Carbofuran and Apigenin (Flavonoid) showed the highest mortality and egg hatch inhibition of M. incognita at all intervals. Inhibition of eggs and J2s mortality were the greatest (90.0%) and (96.0%) at 0.3 mg/mL concentration. Application of phytochemicals caused reduction in number of galls, galling index, and egg masses on tomato plant and enhanced plant growth parameters under screen house conditions. Gall numbers (1.50), galling index (1.00), number of juveniles (4.83) and egg masses (4.00) were greatly reduced and plant growth parameters such as; plant height (28.48 cm), fresh (72.13 g) and dry shoot weights (35.99 g), and root fresh (6.58 g) and dry weights (1.43 g) were increased significantly by using Isoscopletin. In structure activity relationship, juveniles of M. incognita, exhibited variations in their shape and postures upon death when exposed to different concentrations of phytochemicals of Artemisia spp. The present study suggests that Artemisia based phytochemicals possess strong nematicidal effects and can be used effectively in an integrated disease management program against root knot nematodes.

scholarly journals Bakteri Endofit Asal Berbagai Akar Tanaman sebagai Agens Pengendali Nematoda Puru Akar Meloidogyne incognita pada Tomat

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Pradana Pandu Ankardiansyah ◽  
Abdul Munif ◽  
Supramana Supramana
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Protease Enzyme ◽  
New Information ◽  
Potential Use

Infection caused by root knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne incognita may cause yield losses. Little is known regarding the effectiveness of endophytic bacterial group as biocontrol agents of RKN. This research was aimed to obtain endophytic bacteria group from 16 species of plants, which effectively controlled the RKN. Isolation of endophytic bacteria group was conducted using NA 20%, NA 50%, TSA 20%, TSA 50%, and King’s B medium. All of the bacteria groups giving negative result in hypersensitive and haemolytic tests, was further examined for their ability to produce protease, chitinase, and cyanide acid. The same endophytic bacteria groups were also tested for their potential to control juvenile 2 of M. incognita on tomatoes by seed treatment and soil drenching. Agronomical and pathological traits were observed 40 days after nematodes infestation. Eighty endophytic bacteria groups were successfully isolated and 17 of them were considered potential. Physiological test showed that 16 groups of endophytic bacteria can produce protease enzyme, 12 groups can produce chitinase enzyme, and 5 groups can produce cyanide acid. Specific endophytic bacteria group, i.e. TmtN5 from roots of tomato plant, is the most effective isolate for suppressing root damage and population of RKN. This group was effective as biocontrol agents of RKN because it produceds chitinase, protease, and cyanide acid. This research provided a new information regarding the potential use of endophytic bacteria group as a biocontrol agent of RKN.

scholarly journals Application of Bacillus species for controlling root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in eggplant

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wafaa M. A. El-Nagdi ◽  
Hassan Abd-El-Khair
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Nematicidal Activity ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Applied Dose

Abstract Background Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is one of the important vegetable crops infected by Meloidogyne incognita all over the world, including Egypt. Chemical nematicides frequently cause environmental pollution and toxic hazards to human, plants, and animals; certain biocontrol agents that are environmentally friendly and safe to humans and animals were tested against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in eggplant. Objective This work is aimed to determine the nematicidal activity of Bacillus spp., viz., B. subtilis and B. pumilus, against M. incognita in three separated experiments to study their ability in controlling M. incognita and in improving the growth parameters of eggplants. Bacillus spp. were applied as single or in combination (experiment I), single treatment at different doses (experiment II), and different times (three times) of application (experiment III). Results The results of experiment I revealed that Bacillus sp. + B. subtilis significantly reduced the second-stage juvenile (J2) in soil and galls and egg masses in roots, while Bacillus sp. + B. pumilus significantly reduced J2 in roots. Bacillus spp. in pairs were more effective against M. incognita. In experiment II, Bacillus sp. (40 ml) significantly reduced the J2 in soil and galls and egg masses in roots, while B. pumilus (40 ml) significantly reduced the J2 in roots. The nematicidal activity of Bacillus spp. was increased by increasing the applied dose. In experiment III, B. subtilis, when applied three times, significantly reduced the J2 in soil and the J2 and galls in roots, while B. pumilus (applied three times) significantly reduced the egg masses in roots. All Bacillus spp. treatments highly increased the tested growth parameters compared to the controls. Conclusions The tested biocontrol agents used more than once or in combination are more effective than those used only once in controlling nematode parameters in eggplant under greenhouse conditions with a consequent increase in eggplant growth. These bacterial isolates need to be studied under different field conditions for confirmation.

scholarly journals Resistance screening of lentil cultivars against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ansari ◽  
M. Asif ◽  
M.A. Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Nematode Reproduction ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Reduction Percentage

SummaryThe root-knot nematodeMeloidogyne incognitais a major soil parasite of lentil crops. Increasing restrictions of chemical nematicides have triggered a growing attention and interest in alternate root-knot nematode management. The present study was conducted to examine the level of resistance and/or susceptibility of five lentil cultivars (PL-456, KLS-218, Desi, DPL-62, Malika), grown in pots, against the root-knot nematodeM. incognita. Root-knot nematode reproduction and host damage were assessed by recording the nematode infestation levels and reduction percentage of plant growth parameters. Nematode response and plant growth differentiated amongst the lentil cultivars. None of the cultivars was found immune or highly resistant. The cultivar Malika was found moderately resistant as it showed the lowest number of galls and egg masses/root as well as the lowest reduction of plant fresh weight (10.4%) and dry weight (6.9%). On the other hand, the cultivar Desi manifested the highest susceptibility exhibiting the highest number of galls and egg masses. There was a significantly negative correlation between the number of galls and plant growth parameters (plant fresh and dry weight and plant height).

scholarly journals Development of Meloidogyne incognita on selected okra cultivars

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman Afzal ◽  
Sajid Aleem Khan ◽  
Nosheen Salehon ◽  
Mehwish Naz ◽  
Nasir Ahmad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Growth Attributes ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Nematode Development

Okra is a valuable vegetable crop of Pakistan. It is predominantly hosted by pathogens that reduce its yield and quality. Among these yield reducing agents, root knot nematodes are very important due to their host rang. Chemical control for this important pathogen is expensive and causes pollution problems so the present study was planned to evaluate the level of resistance among different available varieties of okra against Meloidogyne incognita under field conditions. The selected field was already infested with M. incognita. Data were recorded on various plant growth parameters and nematode development parameters after sixty days. Results indicated that for various nematode populations and plant growth attributes all the cultivars significantly differed with the Sabzpari 2001 and Sabzpari X Ramakrishna having best performance on over all yield by showing moderately resistant response but no variety was resistant against M. incognita. On over all basis and yield attributes, it is recommended that Sabzpari 2001 and Sabzpari X Ramakrishna are moderately resistant to nematode infestation and should be recommended to farmers in root knot nematode infested soils of Pakistan

scholarly journals Efficacy of Bio-agents in the Management of Root Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola) in Basmati Rice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Kumar ◽  
Kamal Khilari ◽  
Sachin Kumar Jain
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Meloidogyne Graminicola ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Background: Rice root knot nematode (M. graminicola) is considered as a major threat in basmati rice. The main characteristic symptoms produced by M. graminicola are terminal hook shaped or spiral galls on the roots and other symptoms of damage include patches of stunted and yellowish plants. Methods: A field experiment was conducted in Kharif season of 2018 and 2019 at Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut (UP) to test the efficacy of bio-agents against the root knot nematode. In this experiment, three bio-agents (Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas florescence) and one chemical (carbofuran) were tested in randomized block design with three replications. Result: It was observed that tested bio-agents and chemical significantly reduced the galls per plant in comparison to the control. At 30 and 60 day after transplanting, minimum (12.7 and 10.0 galls/plant) and (20.9 and 18.8 galls/plant) were recorded with Bacillus subtilis @ 20g/ M2 (2 x 108 cfu/g) during 2018 and 2019, respectively. In case of control, 52.7 and 62.5 galls/plant were recorded at 60 days after transplanting during both years. All the tested bio-agents were found effective in reducing the nematode population, increase the growth parameters and yield of basmati rice.

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