Strategic tourism marketing of C.E.I. countries - basic framework

Political changes in Europe at the end of the 80's have resulted in the establishment of the Central European Initiative as an international regional association. Interests in cooperation in the field of tourism can be explained by the fact that the majority of Central European countries have significant cultural, historical and natural resources which are not sufficiently used. The Working Group for Tourism, which has been led by Croatia since 1993, made a decision to conduct research with the main aim of determining basic tourism indicators as a basis for developing a common tourism marketing strategy. This paper presents the research methodology and discusses the main survey results.

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Tourism marketing of C.E.I. countries - possibilities of cooperation in health tourism

Tourism and hospitality management ◽

10.20867/thm.2.2.2 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 241-252

Author(s):

Vinka Cetinski ◽

Sanda Weber

Keyword(s):

Marketing Strategy ◽

Working Group ◽

Research Study ◽

Tourism Development ◽

Cultural Resources ◽

Health Tourism ◽

Central European ◽

Know How ◽

Tourism Marketing ◽

Regional Association

Central European Initiative as an international regional association includes fifteen member countries. Interests in cooperation in the field of tourism can be explained by the fact that the majority of Central European countries have significant natural and cultural resources which have not yet been put to sufficient or desired use in tourism. At the beginning of 1996. the Working Group for Tourism of the C.E.I. countries conducted a research study with the aim of determining basic indicators of the level of tourism development in member countries as well as basis for developing common tourism marketing strategy. Health tourism is among the most developed tourism types; majority of the countries also associate their image with natural beauties, unpolluted environment and spas. The level of development of health tourism varies across the C.E.I. countries therefore being the basis for cooperation in various aspects, for example in research, transferring know-how in technology, and marketing (designing the product, joint promotion etc.).

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16th and 17th Workshops of the International Association of Vegetation Science Working Group for the European Vegetation Survey (Rome, Italy, 22-26 March 2007; Brno, Czech Republic, 1-5 May 2008)

Vegetation of Russia ◽

10.31111/vegrus/2008.13.131 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 131-133

Author(s):

T. M. Lysenko ◽

Yu. A. Semenishchenkov

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Working Group ◽

International Association ◽

Botanical Garden ◽

European Countries ◽

Vegetation Survey ◽

Vegetation Science ◽

The University ◽

Science Working

22-26 March 2007 in Rome (Italy), in the Botanical garden of the University «La Sapienza» hosted the 16th meeting of the Working group «Review of the Vegetation of Europe» of the International Association of Vegetation Science (IAVS). These meetings are held every spring in one of the European countries and dedicated to various topics.

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Etude de l'aménagement d'une forêt classée au Mali avec la participation des populations riveraines - Données du problème et éléments de méthodologie | A Study of the Management of a State-Owned Forest in Mali with the Participation of the Population Living nearby - Issue under Investigation and Elements of Methodology

Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen ◽

10.3188/szf.2000.0080 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 151 (3) ◽

pp. 80-83

Author(s):

Pascal Schneider ◽

Jean-Pierre Sorg

Keyword(s):

Natural Resources ◽

Research Methodology ◽

Large Scale ◽

Environmental Context ◽

Forest Resources ◽

The State ◽

Commercial Use ◽

Economic Context ◽

The People

In and around the state-owned forest of Farako in the region of Sikasso, Mali, a large-scale study focused on finding a compromise allowing the existential and legitimate needs of the population to be met and at the same time conserving the forest resources in the long term. The first step in research was to sketch out the rural socio-economic context and determine the needs for natural resources for autoconsumption and commercial use as well as the demand for non-material forest services. Simultaneously, the environmental context of the forest and the resources available were evaluated by means of inventories with regard to quality and quantity. According to an in-depth comparison between demand and potential, there is a differentiated view of the suitability of the forest to meet the needs of the people living nearby. Propositions for a multipurpose management of the forest were drawn up. This contribution deals with some basic elements of research methodology as well as with results of the study.

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Sustainable Tourism: The Elephant in the Room

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13158376 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 8376

Author(s):

Thomas Bausch ◽

Tilman Schröder ◽

Verena Tauber ◽

Bernard Lane

Keyword(s):

Empirical Research ◽

Research Methodology ◽

Sustainable Tourism ◽

Environmental Issues ◽

Supply Side ◽

Tourism Marketing ◽

Precise Understanding ◽

Intercultural Differences

Research on sustainability and sustainable tourism has thus far avoided evaluating how tourists actually understand these terms. Instead, scholars have focused on the supply side, presuming a common and precise understanding of sustainability and sustainable tourism among all tourists and stakeholders. This study shows that most consumers link sustainability only to environmental issues, and understand sustainability differently from sustainable tourism. It finds significant interpersonal and intercultural differences regarding consumers’ conceptualisations of sustainability. The results illustrate that empirical research methodology for conceptualising consumers’ sustainability understanding frequently is doubtful or weak. This research exposes tourists’ limited understanding of sustainability, and helps tackle widespread scepticism about the effectiveness of sustainable tourism, by creating better informed sustainable tourism marketing.

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Revisiting the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis: A Case of Central Europe

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14123415 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 3415

Author(s):

Bartosz Jóźwik ◽

Antonina-Victoria Gavryshkiv ◽

Phouphet Kyophilavong ◽

Lech Euzebiusz Gruszecki

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Central Europe ◽

Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽

European Countries ◽

Kuznets Curve ◽

The European Union ◽

Ekc Hypothesis ◽

Central European ◽

Long Run

The rapid economic growth observed in Central European countries in the last thirty years has been the result of profound political changes and economic liberalization. This growth is partly connected with reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. However, the problem of CO2 emissions seems to remain unresolved. The aim of this paper is to test whether the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis holds true for Central European countries in an annual sample data that covers 1995–2016 in most countries. We examine cointegration by applying the Autoregressive Distributed Lag bound testing. This is the first study examining the relationship between CO2 emissions and economic growth in individual Central European countries from a long-run perspective, which allows the results to be compared. We confirmed the cointegration, but our estimates confirmed the EKC hypothesis only in Poland. It should also be noted that in all nine countries, energy consumption leads to increased CO2 emissions. The long-run elasticity ranges between 1.5 in Bulgaria and 2.0 in Croatia. We observed exceptionally low long-run elasticity in Estonia (0.49). Our findings suggest that to solve the environmental degradation problem in Central Europe, it is necessary to individualize the policies implemented in the European Union.

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For the Victims of Pseudo-Medical Experiments

International Review of the Red Cross ◽

10.1017/s0020860400063592 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 9 (104) ◽

pp. 646-647

Keyword(s):

International Committee ◽

Second World War ◽

European Countries ◽

Concentration Camps ◽

Red Cross ◽

World War ◽

Central European ◽

Medical Experiments ◽

Second World

Twenty-five years after the second World War, the International Committee of the Red Cross is still dealing with claims for compensation from people living in certain Central European countries who were victims of pseudo-medical experiments in German concentration camps.

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Closure to discussion of "Survey results of low-voltage circuit breakers as found during maintenance testing: Working Group report"

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications ◽

10.1109/28.633821 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

pp. 1372

Author(s):

P. O'Donnell ◽

W.F. Braun ◽

C.R. Heising ◽

P.P. Khera ◽

M. Kornblit ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Working Group ◽

Low Voltage ◽

Circuit Breakers ◽

Group Report ◽

Survey Results

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Technology transfer in innovation networks

International Journal of Engineering Business Management ◽

10.1177/1847979017735748 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 184797901773574 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Giovanna Ferraro ◽

Antonio Iovanella

Keyword(s):

Technology Transfer ◽

Research Methodology ◽

Network Science ◽

European Countries ◽

Innovation Networks ◽

Science Approach

This article offers a network perspective on the collaborative effects of technology transfer, providing a research methodology based on the network science paradigm. We argue that such an approach is able to map and describe the set of entities acting in the technology transfer environment and their mutual relationships. We outline how the connections’ patterns shape the organization of the networks by showing the role of the members within the system. By means of a case study of a transnational initiative aiming to support the technology transfer within European countries, we analyse the application of the network science approach, giving evidence of its relative implications.

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