scholarly journals Transcriptomic analysis of grape berry softening during ripening

OENO One ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Glissant ◽  
Fabienne Dédaldéchamp ◽  
Serge Delrot
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Berry Development ◽  
Cell Wall Metabolism ◽  
Study Gene Expression ◽  
Berry Ripening

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: The aim of this paper was to use recent transcriptomic tools available for grape in order to understand berry softening.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: A microarray bearing specific 50 mer oligonucleotide for 3,200 genes was used to study gene expression along 8 stages of berry development in Chardonnay and Shiraz berries. Transcripts corresponding to aquaporin genes and to genes involved in cell wall metabolism were studied in detail and ranked according to their pattern of expression.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Several structural and regulatory genes whose expression pattern correlated with the late phases of ripening were identified. Significance and impact of study: This study provides a preliminary molecular basis to identify molecular markers of berry ripening.</p>

Grape berry development : A review

OENO One ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paraskevi Diakou-Verdin ◽  
Jean-Pierre Carde ◽  
Jean-Pierre Gaudillère ◽  
François Barrieu ◽  
Nathalie Ollat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Sugar Metabolism ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Berry Development ◽  
Growth Structure ◽  
Berry Size ◽  
Highly Sensitive

<p style="text-align: justify;">Grape berry development is reviewed with special focus on berry growth, structure, substances imported, organic acid and sugar metabolism. Berry growth is divided into two growth periods. Berry structure and ultra structure are adapted to sink function. Exocarp cells are characterized by intensive metabolic capacities, flesh cells by a storage role. Early growth is highly sensitive to internal and external parameters. Berry size is largely defined during the first growth period. After "véraison", the berry becomes a major storage sink. Many changes occur in berry metabolism and gene expression. Genomic researches are promising to elucidate the mechanisms of berry development.</p>

scholarly journals Enzyme activities and gene expression of starch metabolism provide insights into grape berry development

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xudong Zhu ◽  
Chaobo Zhang ◽  
Weimin Wu ◽  
Xiaopeng Li ◽  
Chuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Berry Development ◽  
Starch Metabolism

Cell wall metabolism and related gene expression inMalus domesticaBorkh. during fruit growth and softening

Fruits ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu-dong Qi ◽  
Jian-mei Wei ◽  
Haishan Li ◽  
Dan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Cell Wall Metabolism

scholarly journals Expression Patterns and Gene Analysis of the Cellulose Synthase Gene Superfamily in Eucalyptus grandis

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1254
Author(s):  
Guo Liu ◽  
Yaojian Xie ◽  
Xiuhua Shang ◽  
Zhihua Wu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cellulose Synthase ◽  
Primary Cell Wall ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Different Parts

Cellulose is the world’s most abundant renewable energy resource, and a variety of cellulose synthase genes are involved in the biosynthesis of cellulose. In the process of cellulose synthesis, all cellulose synthases are interrelated and act synergistically. In this study, we analyzed the contents of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in the different parts and tissues of E. grandis. The results showed that the cellulose content had greater differences among three different heights. On this basis, we carried out the transcriptome-wide profiling of gene expression patterns using RNA sequencing. A total of 2066 differentially expressed genes were identified for three pairwise comparisons between three different heights, most of which were related to the programmed photosynthetic membrane and photosystem. A total of 100 transcripts of CSs (58 CesA and 42 Csl) were obtained from transcriptome libraries. The expression pattern of these genes indicated that different CS genes had a wide range of expression profiles. A phylogenetic analysis of 135 reference CS genes showed that the CSs of E. grandis were clustered into six major groups (CesA1-9, CslA, CslB/H, CslD, CslE, and CslG). Based on the weighted gene co-expression network analysis, a dual-directional regulation mechanism between Csl and CesA proteins in the cellulose biosynthesis was identified. The gene expression profile analysis, using qRT-PCR in different tissues of E. grandis, demonstrated that the CSs were highly expressed in xylem, and CesAs had a higher relative expression than Csls. The analysis of sequence similarity combined with the expression pattern indicated that the CesA1, 3, and 6 transcripts were associated with the biosynthesis of the secondary cell wall, and CesA4, 5, and 7 transcripts were more likely to associate with the biosynthesis of the primary cell wall. Finally, the qRT-PCR analysis confirmed the expression of 11 selected CSs in three different parts of E. grandis.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic analysis of temporal shifts in berry development between two grapevine cultivars of the Pinot family reveals potential ripening-regulative genes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Theine ◽  
Daniela Holtgräwe ◽  
Katja Herzog ◽  
Florian Schwander ◽  
Anna Kicherer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Regulatory Genes ◽  
Pinot Noir ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Berry Development ◽  
Ripening Time ◽  
Berry Ripening

Background Grapevine cultivars of the Pinot family represent in the broader sense clonally propagated mutants with clear-cut phenotypes, such as different color or shifted ripening time, that result in major phenotypic and physiological differences as well as changes in important viticultural traits. Specifically, the cultivars 'Pinot Noir' (PN) and 'Pinot Noir Precoce' (PNP, early ripening) flower at the same time, but vary for the beginning of berry ripening (véraison) and consequently for the harvest time. Apart from the genotype, seasonal climatic conditions (i.e. high temperatures) also affect ripening times. To reveal possible ripening-regulatory genes affecting the timing of the start of ripening, we investigated differences in gene expression profiles between PN and PNP throughout berry development with a closely meshed time series and in two years. Results The difference in the duration of berry formation between PN and PNP was quantified to be about two weeks under the growth conditions applied, using plant material with a proven clonal relationship of PN and PNP. Clusters of co-expressed genes and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected which reflect the shift in the beginning of ripening at the level of gene expression profiles. Functional annotation of these DEGs fits to phenotypic and physiological changes during berry development. In total, we observed between PN and PNP 3,342 DEGs in 2014 and 2,745 DEGs in 2017. The intersection of both years comprises 1,923 DEGs. Among these, 388 DEGs were identified as véraison-specific and 12 were considered as candidates for a regulatory effect on berry ripening time. The expression profiles revealed two candidate genes for Ripening Time Control, designated VviRTIC1 and VviRTIC2 (VIT_210s0071g01145 and VIT_200s0366g00020, respectively) that may contribute to controlling the phenotypic difference between PN and PNP. Conclusions Many of the 1,923 DEGs identified show highly similar expression profiles in both cultivars as far as accelerated berry formation of PNP is concerned. Putative ripening-regulatory genes differentially expressed between PNP and PN as well as véraison-specific genes were identified. We point out potential connections of these genes to molecular events during berry development and discuss potential ripening time controlling candidate genes, two of which are already differentially expressed in the early berry development phase. Several down-regulated genes are annotated to encode auxin response factors / ARFs. Conceivably, changes in auxin signaling may realize the earlier ripening phenotype of PNP.

Expression patterns of cell wall-modifying enzymes during grape berry development

Planta ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 214 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kylie J. Nunan ◽  
Christopher Davies ◽  
Simon P. Robinson ◽  
Geoffrey B. Fincher
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Berry Development

scholarly journals Auxin-responsive (phospho)proteome analysis reveals regulation of cell cycle and ethylene signaling during rice crown root development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harshita Singh ◽  
Zeenu Singh ◽  
Tingting Zhu ◽  
Xiangyu Xu ◽  
Bhairavnath Waghmode ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Ethylene Signaling ◽  
Crown Root ◽  
Crown Roots

The rice root system, which primarily consists of adventitious/crown roots (AR/CR) developed from the coleoptile base, is an excellent model system for studying shoot-to-root trans-differentiation process. We reveal global changes in protein and metabolite abundance, and protein phosphorylation in response to an auxin stimulus during CR development. Global proteome and metabolome analyses of developing crown root primordia (CRP) and emerged CRs uncovered that the biological processes associated with chromatin conformational change, gene expression, and cell cycle were translationally regulated by auxin signaling. Spatial gene expression pattern analysis of differentially abundant proteins disclosed their stage-specific dynamic expression pattern during CRP development. Further, our tempo-spatial gene expression and functional analyses revealed that auxin creates a regulatory feedback module during CRP development and activates ethylene biosynthesis exclusively during CRP initiation. Ethylene signaling promotes CR formation by repressing the cytokinin response regulator, OsRR2. Additionally, the (phospho)proteome analysis identified differential phosphorylation of the Cyclin-dependent kinase G-2 (OsCDKG;2), and cell wall proteins, in response to auxin signaling, suggesting that auxin-dependent phosphorylation may be required for cell cycle activation, and cell wall synthesis during root organogenesis. Thus, our study provides evidence for the translational and post-translational regulation during CRP trans-differentiation downstream of the auxin signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Effect of calcium on relieving berry cracking in grape (Vitis vinifera L.) ‘Xiangfei’

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yu ◽  
Mingtao Zhu ◽  
Miao Bai ◽  
Yanshuai Xu ◽  
Shaogang Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Cell Wall Metabolism ◽  
Physiological Disorder ◽  
Fruit Cracking ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Cell Wall Disassembly

Fruit cracking is a physiological disorder in many plant species that leads to severe economic losses. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of calcium on fruit cracking and explore the underlying mechanisms. We studied the effect of exogenous calcium on grape berry cracking, calcium absorbance and distribution, and cell wall metabolism in the cracking-susceptible cultivar ‘Xiangfei’. Calcium significantly reduced the frequency of fruit cracking, increased the break force of the berry skin, and stimulated storage of calcium. In addition, calcium increased the content of protopectin and inhibited the increase in content of water-soluble pectin, by regulating the transcription and activities of enzymes associated with cell wall metabolism. Taken together, the results indicated that dipping grape berries in calcium solution is effective in preventing fruit cracking by stimulating calcium uptake, inhibiting cell wall disassembly, and promoting cell wall strengthening.

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