scholarly journals Gas Emissions from Mixed Coal-Biomass Derived Fuel Burned in an Industrial Boilers

Jurnal Ecolab ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Annita Nurhayati ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Emission Factor ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Coal Burning ◽  
Coal Fuel ◽  
Boiler Operation ◽  
Industrial Boilers ◽  
So2 Concentration

Textille industry consumes huge amount of coal to operate their boiler. At the same time, the company generated huge amount of bottom ash from the boiler operation and it is considered as hazardous waste. PT. X has been attempting to reuse bottom ash mixed with solid waste compost to generate biofuel named as biomass coal fuel (BCF) briquettes as co-fuel for boiler combustion. This study conducted two boiler combustion experiments: i) co-firing boiler operation with 90% coal and 10% of BCF, and ii) 100% of coal. The SO2 and NO2 emissions were measured from the two experiments. The emission test was carried out using the MRU Optima 7 which is equipped by an electrochemical sensor, combined with an extraction probe to be inserted into the stack. From the emission test results, the SO­2 concentration of 100% of coal burning was 150 mg/Nm3. SO2 concentration of coal fuel with a substitution of 10% BCF was 498.8 mg/Nm3. The NO2 concentration from 100% coal combustion was 174.2 mg/Nm3while from mixed fuel combustion was 370.3 mg/Nm3. Using BCF as an aggregate for coal combustion did not bring in lower emissions of SO2 and NO2. Emission factor for SO2 from 100% coal combustion is 6.295 g/kg while for coal fuel with a substitution of 10% BCF is 31.09 g/kg. NO2 emission factor from 100%, coal burning is 7.31 g/kg while the emission factor of NO2 in coal fuel with a substitution of 10% BCF is 23.31 g/kg.

scholarly journals Gas Emissions from Mixed Coal-Biomass Derived Fuel Burned in an Industrial Boilers

Jurnal Ecolab ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Annita Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Emission Factor ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Coal Burning ◽  
Coal Fuel ◽  
Boiler Operation ◽  
Industrial Boilers ◽  
So2 Concentration

Textille industry consumes huge amount of coal to operate their boiler. At the same time, the company generated huge amount of bottom ash from the boiler operation and it is considered as hazardous waste. PT. X has been attempting to reuse bottom ash mixed with solid waste compost to generate biofuel named as biomass coal fuel (BCF) briquettes as co-fuel for boiler combustion. This study conducted two boiler combustion experiments: i) co-firing boiler operation with 90% coal and 10% of BCF, and ii) 100% of coal. The SO2 and NO2 emissions were measured from the two experiments. The emission test was carried out using the MRU Optima 7 which is  equipped by an electrochemical sensor, combined with an extraction probe to be inserted into the stack. From the emission test results, the SO­2 concentration of 100% of coal burning was 150 mg/Nm3. SO2 concentration of coal fuel with a substitution of 10% BCF was 498.8 mg/Nm3. The NO2 concentration from 100% coal combustion was 174.2 mg/Nm3 while from mixed fuel combustion was 370.3 mg/Nm3. Using BCF as an aggregate for coal combustion did not bring in lower emissions of SO2 and NO2. Emission factor for SO2 from 100% coal combustion is 6.295 g/kg while for coal fuel with a substitution of 10% BCF is 31.09 g/kg. NO2 emission factor from 100%, coal burning is 7.31 g/kg while the emission factor of NO2 in coal fuel with a substitution of 10% BCF is 23.31 g/kg.

Bottom-Ash Waste Management for Soil Improvement in Saraburi Province, Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 947 ◽  
pp. 114-118
Author(s):  
Kreangkrai Maneeintr ◽  
Tuyet Thi Anh Tran ◽  
Watcharin Kaewmaneewan
Keyword(s):  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Coal Waste ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Normal Soil ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Recently, coal is still one of the main sources of energy. From a coal combustion process, a huge amount of coal waste such as bottom ash is generated. The most common method for coal-waste disposal is a landfill which creates the environmental problems. However, the coal-waste utilization like soil amendment is a better way to manage the waste as well as to reduce the environmental impacts and to increase the profit for the manufacturers. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to measure the properties of soil mixed with bottom ash from coal waste and to apply the bottom ash to improve the soil quality by growing one types of plants, chili, and to compare the results with the normal soil and soil with fertilizer. The operating parameters of this study are the compositions of coal-waste mixed with soil and fertilizer ranging from 0 to 30%wt. Furthermore, the pH, bulk density as well as soil texture are also measured and studied. From the results, it is found that bottom ash can help growing both plants especially chili with 10%wt bottom ash.

scholarly journals Biobriket Dari Limbah Abu Batu Bara Sisa Pembakaran PLTU Dan Serbuk Penggergajian Kayu dengan Perekat Kertas Bekas

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Myson Myson
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Waste Paper ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Coal Burning ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
The City

This research aims to reduce waste and process it into briquettes so that it produces energy that can be utilized by many people. Bottom ash from the rest of coal burning for PLTU, used paper from offices and education activities and sawdust along the banks of the Batanghari river, especially across the city of Jambi, are waste that will be utilized. The three initial compositions are determined to obtain the calories produced from the briquettes made. From the laboratory test results, it is obtained that heating values are in the range of 2500 to 2800 kcal / kg. These results are not satisfactory and still need to change the composition between sawdust, coal ash and waste paper in order to obtain a calorific value that corresponds to the calorific value produced by LPG gas.

DNA damage induced by coal dust, fly and bottom ash from coal combustion evaluated using the micronucleus test and comet assay in vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 781-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Araujo Matzenbacher ◽  
Ana Letícia Hilario Garcia ◽  
Marcela Silva dos Santos ◽  
Caroline Cardoso Nicolau ◽  
Suziane Premoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Coal Dust ◽  
Bottom Ash

scholarly journals Quantifying primary and secondary humic-like substances in urban aerosol based on emission source characterization and a source-oriented air quality model

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinghua Li ◽  
Junzan Han ◽  
Philip K. Hopke ◽  
Jingnan Hu ◽  
Qi Shu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Source Characterization ◽  
Air Quality Model ◽  
Coal Burning ◽  
Residential Coal

Abstract. Humic-like substances (HULIS) are a mixture of high molecular weight, water-soluble organic compounds that are widely distributed in atmospheric aerosol. Their sources are rarely studied quantitatively. Biomass burning is generally accepted as a major primary source of ambient humic-like substances (HULIS) with additional secondary material formed in the atmosphere. However, the present study provides direct evidence that residential coal burning is also a significant source of ambient HULIS, especially in the heating season in northern China based on source measurements, ambient sampling and analysis, and apportionment with source-oriented CMAQ modeling. Emissions tests show that residential coal combustion produces 5 to 24 % of the emitted organic carbon (OC) as HULIS carbon (HULISc). Estimation of primary emissions of HULIS in Beijing indicated that residential biofuel and coal burning contribute about 70 % and 25 % of annual primary HULIS, respectively. Vehicle exhaust, industry, and power plants contributions are negligible. Average concentration of ambient HULIS was 7.5 μg/m3 in atmospheric PM2.5 in urban Beijing and HULIS exhibited obvious seasonal variations with the highest concentrations in winter. HULISc account for 7.2 % of PM2.5 mass, 24.5 % of OC, and 59.5 % of water-soluble organic carbon, respectively. HULIS are found to correlate well with K+, Cl−, sulfate, and secondary organic aerosol suggesting its sources include biomass burning, coal combustion and secondary aerosol formation. Source apportionment based on CMAQ modeling shows residential biofuel and coal burning, secondary formation are important annual sources of ambient HULIS, contributing 57.5 %, 12.3 %, and 25.8 %, respectively.

scholarly journals CORROSION BEHAVIOUR OF ALUMINIUM 6061 NICKEL COATED CENOSPHERE COMPOSITE

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind R S ◽  
Prasanna Ram M ◽  
Prashanth T ◽  
Jaimon Dennis Quadros
Keyword(s):  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Immersion Corrosion ◽  
Aluminium Metal

Cenosphere fly ash is one of the most inexpensive and low-density material which is abundantly available as a solid waste by-product of coal combustion in thermal power plants. Aluminium metal matrix composites with Nickel coated cenospheres as the reinforcement is prepared by stir casting route. The composites are prepared with varying percentages of cenospheres in the percentage of 2-10% by weight of the composite. Immersion corrosion tests are conducted on the composites in three different medium and for three different time durations. It is evident from the test results as well as the microstructure images that the weight loss of samples with 8% Nickel coated cenospheres has shown least corrosion or the highest corrosion resistance when compared to the counterparts.

scholarly journals Emission of PM2.5-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Biomass and Coal Combustion in China

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1129
Author(s):  
Xinghua Li ◽  
Zihao Wang ◽  
Tailun Guo
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Chemical Mass Balance ◽  
Open Burning ◽  
Coal Burning ◽  
Receptor Modelling ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Field measured PAH emissions from diverse sources in China are limited or even not available. In this study, the PM2.5-bound PAH emission factors (EFs) for typical biomass and coal combustion in China were determined on-site. The measured total PAH EFs were 24.5 mg/kg for household coal burning, 10.5–13.9 mg/kg for household biofuel burning, 8.1–8.6 mg/kg for biomass open burning, and 0.021–0.31 mg/kg for coal-fired boilers, respectively. These EF values were compared with previous studies. The sources profiles of PAHs for four sources were developed to use in chemical mass balance receptor modelling. BaP equivalent EFs (EFBaPeq) were calculated to evaluate PAH emission toxicity among different combustion sources, and were 6.81, 2.94–4.22, 1.59–3.62, and 0.0006–0.042 mg/kg for those four types of sources, respectively.

scholarly journals Heat treatment effect on metal matrix composite with brass matrix and fly ash

2018 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 05020
Author(s):  
Aminnudin Aminnudin ◽  
Moch. Agus Choiron
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Metal Matrix Composite ◽  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
The Matrix

Metal matrix composite (MMC) is a combination of two or more materials using metal as a matrix. In this paper we used brass as the matrix and fly ash as for the particle. The fly ash used is fly ash which is produced from coal combustion in the Paiton power plant. Fly ash composition in the MMC are 5% and 10%. The MMC was produced with gas furnace. Heat tratment to MMC was done at 350 and 400 °C.Hard testing process, tensile test and impack test are carried out at MMC before heat treatment and after heat treatment. From the test results showed an increase in hardness, tensile strength and impact test showed the heat treatment process at a temperature of 350 °C. Heat treatment at a temperature of 400 °C does not improve the mechanical properties of MMC

scholarly journals Geotechnical Properties of Anthropogenic Soils in Road Engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4843
Author(s):  
Andrzej Głuchowski ◽  
Katarzyna Gabryś ◽  
Emil Soból ◽  
Raimondas Šadzevičius ◽  
Wojciech Sas
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Concrete Aggregate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Anthropogenic Soils ◽  
Road Engineering

The construction of a roads network consumes high amounts of materials. The road materials are required to fulfill high standards like bearing capacity and low settlement susceptibility due to cyclic loading. Therefore, crushed aggregates are the primary subbase construction material. The material-intensity of road engineering leads to depletion of natural resources, and to avoid it, the alternative recycled materials are required to be applied to achieve sustainable development. The anthropogenic soils (AS), which are defined as man-made unbound aggregates, are the response to these requirements. For the successful application of the AS, a series of geotechnical laboratory and field tests were conducted. In this article, we present the set of 58 test results, including California Bearing Ratio (CBR) bearing capacity tests, oedometric tests, and cyclic CBR tests, to characterize the behavior of three AS types and to compare its reaction with natural aggregate (NA). The AS tested in this study are recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), fly ash and bottom ash mix (BS), and blast furnace slag (BFS). The results of the tests show that the AS has similar characteristics to NA, and in some cases, like compression characteristic, RCA and BFS behave a stiffer response to cyclic loading. The test results and analysis presented here extend the knowledge about AS compressibility and AS response to cyclic loading.

Bamboo Wastes as Fuel in Industrial Boiler in China

2011 ◽  
Vol 204-210 ◽  
pp. 1213-1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Yang Zeng ◽  
Xue Tao Wang ◽  
Jin Qing Wang
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Coal Fuel ◽  
Physical Processing ◽  
Industrial Boiler ◽  
The Common ◽  
Industrial Boilers ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Pollution Emissions ◽  
Renewable And Sustainable Energy

: It is estimated that more than 500,000 industrial boilers (mostly stoker-fired) in China consume over 400 million tons of coal per year. Because of low efficiency (only 60-65 percent) of industrial boilers, the energy consumption and pollution emissions from industrial boilers rank second place in China’s industry. On the other hand, China is rich in bamboo resource, and bamboo forest area is more than 5 million hectares, and occupies more than 1/4 of the world’s total. However, the common utilization rate of bamboo timber’s physical processing is below 40% in weight, over 60% of bamboo timber becomes left over when processed. Bamboo wastes, compared with coal fuel, are a very clean and renewable and sustainable energy. Therefore, there is the requirement that coal fired industrial boiler change its fuel into bamboo wastes in China, and some suggestions for bamboo fired boiler are presented in this paper. It is well economy of bamboo fired boiler in the region of China where an abundance of bamboo wastes disposed.

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