Evaluation of Mesenchymal Cells (MSC) and Dapsone for the Treatment of Dermonecrotic Wounds Caused by Loxosceles laeta Venom in Rabbits

We studied the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), either alone or associated with dapsone (DAP) in the treatment of dermonecrotic wounds caused by Loxosceles laeta spider venom. Twenty-five male adult rabbits were distributed into five groups, of which four groups received an intradermal injection of 20 μg of L. laeta venom and only one received ultrapure water (negative control). After 4 hours, each group that received venom, was treated with MSC, DAP, MSC + DAP and Phosphate-buffered saline – PBS (positive control). Photographic records were made for analysis of the wound area evolution by morphometry. Twelve days after treatment, the skin samples around the lesion were removed for subsequent histological analysis. Concerning the rate of wound contraction, we observed that DAP showed the best percentage of contraction at day 3. In the treatments using MSCs, a negative value of wound contraction was observed for the isolated MSCs, as well as a lower contraction value for the association of the MSC + DAP when compared to PBS group. Histopathological analysis showed diminished tissue lesion and less intense inflammation in MSCs and DAP groups. This could indicated potential use of stem cells in regenerative therapies after loxoscelic accidents.

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IN VITRO EVALUATION OF THE ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF RHIZOME EXTRACTS OF CURCUMA LONGA (LINN.)

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i12.28313 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 425

Author(s):

Jyoti Pandey ◽

Suman Mishra ◽

Kamal Jaiswal

Keyword(s):

Curcuma Longa ◽

Anthelmintic Activity ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Significant Efficacy ◽

Phosphate Buffered Saline

Objective: The current study was carried out to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of the rhizome extract of Curcuma longa as an alternative source of effective remedies for nematodiasis.Methods: The anthelmintic activity of the C. longa was assessed in vitro against Haemonchus spp., a gastrointestinal (abomasum) parasite of goats. Different concentrations of the extracts (1 mg/mL, 2.5 mg/mL, 5 mg/mL, and 10 mg/mL) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were tested, and the results expressed in terms of time of paralysis (minute) and time of death (minute) of the worms. Albendazole (1 mg/mL) was used as a reference (positive control) and PBS as a control group (negative control).Results: The qualitative phytochemical analysis of the methanolic extract (ME) of the plant disclosed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenol, anthraquinone, and carbohydrates; whereas, the aqueous extract (AE) showed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrate, flavonoids, and saponins. Both ME and AE of the C. longa (rhizome) expressed significant efficacy (p≤0.05) in causing paralysis as well as the death of the worms within 12 h of exposure at all tested concentrations, as compared to the negative control. The rhizome extracts of C. longa showed dose-dependent efficacy in causing paralysis of the worm motility and the final progression to death. The results showed that the ME at 10 mg/mL was significantly more potent (p≤0.05) over the AE.Conclusions: This study concluded that the rhizome extract of C. longa exhibited potent anthelmintic efficacy against the nematode parasite, Haemonchus spp.

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Mahkota Dewa (God’s Crown) Fruit Extract Inhibits the Formation of Periodontal Pathogen Biofilms in vitro

Journal of Indonesian Dental Association ◽

10.32793/jida.v2i2.404 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 57 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Diajeng Celia Radita ◽

Armelia Sari Widyarman

Keyword(s):

Brain Heart Infusion ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Periodontal Pathogen ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Fruit Extract ◽

Fruit Extracts ◽

Level Of Significance ◽

Phosphate Buffered Saline

Introduction: Mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) is an Indonesian fruit that contains antibacterial compounds, such as flavonoids, saponins, and tannins; it has been used as an alternative treatment for controlling infection. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of mahkota dewa fruit extract on the formation of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans), and Treponema denticola (T. denticola) biofilms in vitro. Methods: God’s crown fruit was extracted using the maceration technique, and then diluted into different concentrations (25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.125%, and 1.56%) using phosphate buffered saline (PBS). P. gingivalis ATCC-33277, A. actinomycetemcomitans ATCC-29522, or T. denticola ATCC-35405 were cultured in brain heart infusion (BHI) broth, 24h (anaerobic-condition), and then each type of bacteria (108CFU/mL) was distributed into a 96-well microplate to form a biofilm. Subsequently, the fruit extracts were distributed into the biofilm-containing well plates and incubated for 1h, 6h, and 24h. A biofilm without the fruit extract and chlorhexidine-gluconate (0.2%) was used as the negative and positive control, respectively. Crystal violet (0.5%w/v) was used to determine the density of the remaining biofilm using a microplate spectrophotometer (600 nm). Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA, and p <0.05 was set as the level of significance. Results: The mahkota dewa fruit extracts significantly inhibited the formation of a biofilm for all three bacterial strains at all concentrations and for each incubation time (p <0.05) based on optical density (OD)±SD. The best concentration of fruit extract to inhibit biofilm formation was 25% for P. gingivalis (OD=0.19±0.06), 12.5% for A. actinomycetemcomitans (OD=0.14 ± 0.16), and 25% for T. denticola (OD=1.17±0.19) in comparison to the biofilm mass of the negative control, which was 1.67±0.06, 1.17±0.34, 2.66±0.38 for P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, and T. denticola, respectively. Conclusion: Based on these results, mahkota dewa fruit extract can inhibit the formation of biofilm on P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, and T. denticola, and it may potentially be used to prevent the infection associated with periodontal disease.

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Effects of Extracts of Plathymenia Reticulata Benth and Azadirachta Indica (Neem) in Glycated Hemoglobin in Diabetic Rats

Journal of the Endocrine Society ◽

10.1210/jendso/bvab048.894 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A438-A439

Author(s):

Ezio De Martino Neto ◽

Joyce Satil Chaves da Silva ◽

Eliane Cristina Lourenço ◽

Arthur Cesário de Castro Neto ◽

Isabella Cecilio Resende Ferreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Azadirachta Indica ◽

Insulin Treatment ◽

Glycated Hemoglobin ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Male Adult ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Introduction: The Plathymenia reticulata benth is a herbal medicine that has properties of pancreatic islet hyperplasia and glycemic control in diabetic rats. Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Meliaceae) is a tree native to India that has several medicinal effects. Goal: To verify the effect of glycated hemoglobin levels in rats with type 1 and non-diabetic diabetes mellitus, in treatment with Plathymenia Reticulata Benth, Neem and the association between them. compared to insulin. Methodology: Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal streptozotocin (65mg/kg) administration after a 24-hour fast. The diagnosis was made using a blood glucose value above 200mg/dl. The study was conducted in 60 male adult Wistar rats, weighing between 180 and 220 grams, divided into 9 groups, between diabetics (DM) and non-diabetic controls (NdM), and treated with Neem (300 mg/kg), cold aqueous extract of Plathymenia (100 mg/kg), water (negative control) and insulin (3 IU/day) - positive control; and association between plants. The treatment was performed by orogastric gavage for a period of 28 consecutive days, and weekly weight and daily feed intake were performed. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer’s pos-hoc test, with a significance level of 5% using the SPSS25.0 software. The results are expressed on average ± EPM. Results: There was a significant difference in glycated hemoglobin levels in rats submitted to insulin treatment (6.18 ± 0.36) compared to those submitted to treatment with Neem (10.12 ± 1.29, p=0.047), Plathymenia+Neem (12.09 ± 0.38, p=0.006) and water (10.86 ± 1.26, p=0.015). However, no significant difference was observed between the reduction in glycated hemoglobin levels in the groups submitted to insulin treatment compared to the group treated with Plathymenia (7.30 ± 0.68, p=0.911). Conclusion: The results allow us to evaluate a non-inferiority condition in relation to the use of the Plathymenia when compared to treatment with insulin therapy, positive control in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. The Plathymeniamay present as a herbal option in the treatment of the disease and prevention of complications. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the effect of the extract on other aspects related to the pathology.

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Prostaglandin E2 induces ovulation in prepubertal mice

Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science ◽

10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2021.182745 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 58 ◽

pp. e182745

Author(s):

Jéssica de Souza Andrade ◽

Juliana Pavan Zuliani ◽

Jaswant Singh ◽

Sulamita da Silva Setúbal ◽

Renata Reis da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Prostaglandin E2 ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Cox1 Gene ◽

Gene Expressions ◽

Chi Square ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Phosphate Buffered Saline ◽

Cox2 Expression

The objective of this study was to determine the ability of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to induce ovulation and expression of PGE2 receptor (EP2 and EP4) and COX genes (COX-1 and COX-2) in the ovary and pituitary of prepubertal mice. The positive control consisted of the application of 5 μg of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH, n = 29); the negative control applied 0.5 mL of phosphate buffered saline (PBS, n=31); the treatment tested the application of 250 μg of PGE2 (n = 29), making a total of 89 prepubertal mice (BALB/c). Mice were euthanized 14 to 15 h after treatments to detect ovulation and tissue collection. A Chi-square test was used to compare the proportion of animals ovulating. Gene expressions and number of ovulation were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test was used to compare means among groups. A greater proportion of mice (P < 0.001) ovulated after receiving GnRH (89.7%, 26/29) compared to PGE2 group (58.6%, 17/29). However, the proportion was higher compared to those treated with PBS (0%, 0/31). Ep2 gene expression in the pituitary was > two-fold higher (P < 0.05) in the PGE2 group compared to the PBS and GnRH groups. Further, PGE2 stimulated Cox1 (2.7 fold, P < 0.05) while GnRH stimulated Cox2 expression (6.5 fold, P < 0.05) in the pituitary when compared to the PBS group. In conclusion, our results support the hypothesis that PGE2 can induce ovulation in prepubertal mice with a concomitant increase in Ep2 and Cox1 gene expression in the pituitary gland.

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The Role of Human Platelet-Rich Plasma to Enhance the Differentiation from Adipose derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Cardiomyocyte: An Experimental Study

10.1101/2020.12.10.420679 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

I Gde Rurus Suryawan ◽

Andrianto ◽

Arifta Devi Anggaraeni ◽

Arisya Agita ◽

Ricardo Adrian Nugraha

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Cardiac Tissue ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Distributed Data ◽

Optimal Method ◽

Proliferation And Differentiation ◽

Positive Controls

BackgroundAdipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) offer great potential to differentiate into cardiomyocyte. However, the optimal method to maximize the proliferation and differentiation is challenging. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) which contains high levels of diverse growth factors that can stimulate stem cell proliferation and differentiation in the context of cardiac tissue regenerationObjectiveTo analyze the effect of PRP administration on the AMSCs differentiation into cardiomyocyte and compare to the group without PRP administration.MethodsThis study is a true experimental randomized post-test design study. AMSCs were isolated from adipose tissues and cultured until 4 passages. The samples were divided into 3 groups, i.e. negative control (α-MEM), positive control (differentiation medium), and treatment group (PRP). The assessment of GATA-4 marker expression was conducted using flowcytometry on the fifth day and cTnT was conducted using immunocytochemistry on the tenth day to determine the differentiation to cardiomyocyte. Data analysis was conducted using T-test and One-Way ANOVA on normally distributed data determined through Shapiro Wilk test.ResultsFlowcytometry on GATA-4 expression revealed significant improvement on PRP group compared to negative and positive controls (67.04 ± 4.49 vs 58.15 ± 1.23 p < 0.05; 67.04 ± 4.49 vs 52.96 ± 2.02 p < 0.05). This was supported by the results of immunocytochemistry on troponin expression which revealed significant improvement on PRP group compared to negative and positive controls (38.13 ± 5.2 vs 10.73 ± 2.39 p < 0.05; 38.13 ± 5.2 vs 26.00 ± 0.4 p < 0.05). This was concordant to the hypothesis which stated that there was an effect of PRP administration on AMSCs differentiation into cardiomyocyte.ConclusionPRP administration on AMSCs culture significantly improve the differentiation to cardiomyocyte measured by GATA-4 and cTnT expressions.

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Immunological and Hematological Response to Local Transplantation of Stem Cells in Injured Radial Nerve of Dogs

The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.30539/ijvm.v44i2.976 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 45-55

Author(s):

Haidar H. Essa

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Functional Ability ◽

Radial Nerve ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Physical Activities ◽

Human Umbilical Cord ◽

Nerve Function ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Hematological Changes

The current study was carried out to investigate the immunological and hematological changes due to local transplantation of human umbilical cord-mesenchymal-stem cells (HUC-MSCs) and scaffold-stem cells (SSCs) into the injured radial nerve. Therefore, three equal groups of dogs were subjected to this study; experimental (EG), positive control (PCG) and negative control (NCG). At 1st week, dogs of EG were showed an obvious mobility dysfunction. At 2nd and 4th weeks, there were apparent improvements reported on general and physical activities as well as functional ability of forelimb with the presence of slight lameness that was cured completely at 5th week. Regarding to immunobiomarkers, insignificant differences were showed at 1st week. However, significantly increase in IgG and TNF-α, and decrease in IL-10 was reported at 2nd, 4th, and 6th weeks. Regarding to hematologic parameters, significantly increases were recorded in total WBCs from 2nd week onwards, lymphocytes and neutrophils at 2nd week, monocytes at the 2nd and 4th weeks, and total RBCs at the 8th and 16th weeks. Significant differences were not reported in values of PCV and Hb throughout this study. In conclusion, HUC-MSCs and SSCs confirmed high activities in supporting of immunological and hematological responses, and in restoration of nerve function

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Cytotoxicity evaluation of four endodontic sealers

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/s0103-64402008000300010 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 228-231 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Paulo Tadeu da Silva ◽

Fernanda Geraldes Pappen ◽

Erick Miranda Souza ◽

João Eduardo Dias ◽

Idomeo Bonetti Filho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Macrophages ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Phenol Red ◽

Control Medium ◽

Griess Reaction ◽

Phosphate Buffered Saline ◽

Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages ◽

Endodontic Sealers

This study evaluated in vitro the cytotoxicity of four root canal sealers (Topseal, EndoRez, TubliSeal and Kerr Pulp Canal Sealer E.W.T.) and their effects on reactive oxygen/nitrogen intermediate induction by mouse peritoneal macrophages. Thioglycollate-induced cells were obtained from Swiss mice by peritoneal lavage with 5 mL 10 mM phosphate-buffered saline, washed twice and resuspended (106 cells/mL) in appropriate medium for each test. Cytotoxicity was determined by the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) by the peroxidase-dependent oxidation of phenol red and Griess reaction, respectively. Sealer suspensions were obtained in two different concentrations from each material: 18 mg/mL and 9 mg/mL, established according to compatibility parameters following MTT assay. Comparing the sealers, H2O2 release at concentrations of 9 mg/mL and 18 mg/mL was similar: Topseal > positive control (medium + cells + 5 mg/mL zimozan solution) > EndoRez > TubliSeal > Kerr Pulp E.W.T. > negative control (medium + cells). NO release at concentration of 9 mg/mL was: positive control (medium + cells + 10 µg/mL LPS solution) > Topseal > Kerr Pulp E.W.T. > TubliSeal = EndoRez > negative control (medium + cells); at concentration of 18 mg/mL was: positive control > Topseal > Kerr Pulp E.W.T > TubliSeal > EndoRez > negative control. Based on the results, it may be concluded that Topseal presented the highest cytotoxicity among the tested sealers, releasing higher concentrations of NO and H2O2 in macrophage culture.

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Chemotherapeutic effect of Berberis integerrima hydroalcoholic extract on colon cancer development in the 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine rat model

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2015-0117 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 71 (7-8) ◽

pp. 225-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mohammad R. Mohammadi Malayeri ◽

Abolfazl Dadkhah ◽

Faezeh Fatemi ◽

Salome Dini ◽

Fatemeh Torabi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colon Carcinogenesis ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽

Control Group ◽

Histopathological Analysis ◽

Colon Tissue ◽

Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽

Reducing Ability

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a Berberis integerrima hydroalcoholic extract as a chemotherapeutic agent in colon carcinogenesis in the rat induced by 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine (DMH). Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: a negative control group without DMH treatment; a control group injected DMH (20 mg/kg b.w); two groups receiving B. integerrima extract (50 and 100 mg/kg b.w), concomitant with injected DMH, as chemotherapeutic groups; a positive control group receiving 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) along with DMH. The effects of the extracts were determined by assessment of hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), and the activities of hepatic glutathione S-transferase and cytochrome P450 (GST and CYP450). Additionally, colon tissues were assessed for colonic β-catenin and histopathological analysis. In DMH-treated rats, the extracts partially normalized the levels of FRAP, CYP450, β-catenin, and GST. Likewise, formation of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in colon tissue of DMH-treated was reduced by the extracts. Thus, the extracts possess chemotherapeutic activity against colon carcinogenesis.

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Cutaneous Anaphylaxis Induced by 4-Quinolone Antibacterials in Guinea Pigs

Journal of the American College of Toxicology ◽

10.3109/10915819309140621 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 49-53

Author(s):

Farrel L. Fort ◽

Ken Hahn

Keyword(s):

Nalidixic Acid ◽

Guinea Pigs ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Intradermal Injection ◽

Blue Dye ◽

Chlorpheniramine Maleate ◽

Simple Method ◽

Vasoactive Mediators ◽

Anaphylactoid Reactions

Several 4-quinolone antibacterials (norfloxacin HCl, enoxacin, ofloxacin, cinoxacin, ciprofloxacin, and nalidixic acid) were administered intradermally to male and female hairless guinea pigs (Crl:IAF(HA)BR). Immediately prior to the intradermal injection, the guinea pigs were given an intravenous injection of Evans blue dye. The diameter of the blue spots at the sites of intradermal injection 15 to 30 minutes after intradermal injection were used as a measure of cutaneous anaphylactoid activity. The quinolones were given in concentrations ranging from 0.009 to 4.0 mg/mL. Compound 48/80 was used as a positive control, and saline was used as the negative control. All the 4-quinolones tested, except nalidixic acid, were positive for cutaneous anaphylactoid activity. Norfloxacin, enoxacin, and ciprofloxacin were positive at concentrations of 0.13 mg/mL or higher. Ofloxacin and cinoxacin were positive at concentrations of 2.0 mg/mL or higher. Pretreatment with the H1 blocker, chlorpheniramine maleate, resulted in diminished responses. These results demonstrate the potential for adverse cutaneous anaphylactoid reactions, presumably due to release of vasoactive mediators, with 4-quinolone antibacterials, and illustrate a simple method to screen new compounds for this activity.

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Anthelmintic Activity of Curcuma Aeruginosa Roxb Extract on Fasciola gigantica in Vitro

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202015101046 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 151 ◽

pp. 01046

Author(s):

Henni Vanda ◽

Rizki Parindra ◽

Muhammad Hambal ◽

Farida Athaillah

Keyword(s):

Methanolic Extract ◽

Anthelmintic Activity ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Fasciola Gigantica ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Phosphate Buffered Saline

Fasciola gigantica is a parasite that causes a disruption of the metabolism of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates, which interferes growth and causes death. Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb extract is one of the medicinal plants which has been used to treat several diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of methanolic extract of C. aeruginosa Roxb on F. gigantica, including mortality time and histopathological changes that occurred after treatment. This study used a completely randomized design with five replications. The flukes were soaked in three different extract concentrations: 10% (T1), 25% (T2), and 50% (T3) (w/v). Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution was used as a negative control (C1) and albendazole as the positive control (C2). The mortality time of F. gigantica in each group was calculated, and the dead flukes were prepared for histopathological study. The data were analyzed by Analysis of variance. The results showed that C. aeruginosa extracts at the concentration of 10, 25 and 50% caused the death of the flukes within 75, 57 and 48 minutes, respectively., Histopathological observations showed that the extract caused breakage of tegument which is an important organ in the respiratory process and nutrient absorption. This study concluded that C. aeruginosa extract exhibited anthelmintic activity towards F. gigantica in vitro.

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