scholarly journals Extract from Aronia melanocarpa L. Berries Prevents Cadmium-induced Oxidative Stress in the Liver: a Study in a Rat Model of Low-level and Moderate Lifetime Human Exposure to this Toxic Metal

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Mężyńska ◽  
Małgorzata M. Brzóska ◽  
Joanna Rogalska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Aronia Melanocarpa ◽  
Total Antioxidative Status

The study investigated, in a rat model of low-level and moderate environmental exposure to cadmium (Cd; 1 or 5 mg Cd/kg diet, respectively, for 3-24 months), whether the co-administration of 0.1% extract from Aronia melanocarpa L. berries (AE) may protect against oxidative stress in the liver. The intoxication with Cd, dose- and duration-dependently, weakened the enzymatic antioxidative barrier (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione S-transferase), decreased the concentrations of non-enzymatic antioxidants (reduced glutathione and total thiol groups), and increased the concentrations of oxidized glutathione, hydrogen peroxide, xanthine oxidase, and myeloperoxidase in this organ. These resulted in a decrease in the total antioxidative status (TAS), an increase in the total oxidative status (TOS), and development of oxidative stress in the liver (evaluated based on the index of oxidative stress calculated as the ratio of TOS and TAS). The administration of AE at both levels of Cd treatment significantly improved the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidative barrier, decreased the concentration of pro-oxidants, and protected from the development of oxidative stress in the liver. In conclusion, consumption of aronia products may prevent Cd-induced destroying the oxidative/antioxidative balance and development of oxidative stress in the liver protecting against this organ damage.

scholarly journals Extract from Aronia melanocarpa L. Berries Prevents Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Liver: A Study in A Rat Model of Low-Level and Moderate Lifetime Human Exposure to this Toxic Metal

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Mężyńska ◽  
Małgorzata Brzóska ◽  
Joanna Rogalska ◽  
Barbara Piłat-Marcinkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Aronia Melanocarpa ◽  
Oxidant Concentration ◽  
Total Antioxidative Status

The study investigated, in a rat model of low-level and moderate environmental exposure to cadmium (Cd; 1 or 5 mg Cd/kg diet, respectively, for 3 to 24 months), whether the co-administration of 0.1% extract from Aronia melanocarpa L. berries (AE) may protect against oxidative stress in the liver and in this way mediate this organ status. The intoxication with Cd, dose- and duration-dependently, weakened the enzymatic antioxidative barrier, decreased the concentrations of reduced glutathione and total thiol groups, and increased the concentrations of oxidized glutathione, hydrogen peroxide, xanthine oxidase, and myeloperoxidase in this organ. These resulted in a decrease in the total antioxidative status, increase in the total oxidative status and development of oxidative stress (increased oxidative stress index and malondialdehyde concentration) and histopathological changes in the liver. The administration of AE at both levels of Cd treatment significantly improved the enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidative barrier, decreased pro-oxidant concentration, and protected from the development of oxidative stress in the liver and changes in its morphology, as well as normalized the serum activities of liver enzymes markers. In conclusion, consumption of aronia products may prevent Cd-induced destroying the oxidative/antioxidative balance and development of oxidative stress in the liver protecting against this organ damage.

scholarly journals Enhanced Zinc Intake Protects against Oxidative Stress and Its Consequences in the Brain: A Study in an In Vivo Rat Model of Cadmium Exposure

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 478
Author(s):  
Małgorzata M. Brzóska ◽  
Magdalena Kozłowska ◽  
Joanna Rogalska ◽  
Małgorzata Gałażyn-Sidorczuk ◽  
Alicja Roszczenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Total Antioxidative Status ◽  
Total Oxidative Status ◽  
The Brain

We examined, in a rat model of moderate environmental human exposure to cadmium (Cd), whether the enhanced intake of zinc (Zn) may protect against Cd-caused destroying the oxidative/antioxidative balance and its consequences in the brain. The intoxication with Cd (5 mg/L, 6 months) weakened the enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase) and non-enzymatic (total thiol groups, reduced glutathione) antioxidative barrier decreasing the total antioxidative status and increased the concentrations of pro-oxidants (hydrogen peroxide, myeloperoxidase) in this organ and its total oxidative status. These resulted in the development of oxidative stress and oxidative modifications of lipids and proteins. The co-administration of Zn (30 and 60 mg/L enhancing this element intake by 79% and 151%, respectively) importantly protected against Cd accumulation in the brain tissue and this xenobiotic-induced development of oxidative stress and oxidative damage to lipids and proteins. Moreover, this bioelement also prevented Cd-mediated oxidative stress evaluated in the serum. The favorable effect of Zn was caused by its independent action and interaction with Cd. Concluding, the enhancement of Zn intake under oral exposure to Cd may prevent the oxidative/antioxidative imbalance and oxidative stress in the brain and thus protect against injury of cellular macromolecules in the nervous system.

scholarly journals Changes in the Antioxidative System of the Red Mason Bee (Osmia Rufa) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) Induced by Artificially Elongated Diapause

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamila Dmochowska ◽  
Karol Giejdasz ◽  
Monika Fliszkiewicz ◽  
Krystyna Żółtowska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Biological Clock ◽  
Antioxidative System ◽  
Glutathione Level ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Total Antioxidative Status ◽  
Exogenous Factors ◽  
Short Flight

Changes in the Antioxidative System of the Red Mason Bee (Osmia Rufa) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) Induced by Artificially Elongated Diapause Osmia rufa as a polylectic insect is used in the pollination of numerous plants. The usefulness of this insect for plant breeders is considerably limited because of the short flight periods of the insects in the natural environment. In order to break this limitation, the wintering period of the insects in cocoons is elongated. The temperature is maintained at 4°C up to the time of plant blooming. This treatment does shortens the lifetime of the insects which may be the result of oxidative stress. Such results led to the examination of the selected components of antioxidative system. These components are: total antioxidative status, content of glutathione and activity of peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase in O. rufa emerged in spring, according to their biological clock, and emerged in summer - after elongated diapause. It was observed that diapause elongation unprofitably influenced the antioxidative system of a bee. A statistically significant decrease in total antioxidative status, and activity of both antioixidative enzymes - peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase, was noted. The changes in the glutathione level in turn, were insignificant. In our opinion, the lower efficiency of antioxidative systems of the red mason bee emerged in summer, may limit their response ability to endo- and exogenous factors influencing oxidative stress. The results of our study are the first publication concerning an antioxidative system in mason bees.

scholarly journals Antioxidant potential of Carica papaya Linn (Caricaceae) leaf extract in mice with cyclophosphamide induced oxidative stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. e34702
Author(s):  
Tatiane Cordeiro Luiz ◽  
Ana Paula Simões Da Cunha ◽  
Danilo Henrique Aguiar ◽  
Marina Mariko Sugui ◽  
Rogério de Campos Bicudo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Red Cell Count ◽  
Phytochemical Profile

AIMS: This study aimed to investigate the effects of crude extract of Carica papaya leaves on oxidative stress in mice induced by cyclophosphamide, as well as phytochemical profile characterization of this extract.METHODS: The male Swiss mice received 15 days of treatment with the extract (500 mg kg-1, via gavage) and intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (75 mg kg-1) or saline (0.9%) on the 15th day. After 24 h the last treatment, the animals were anesthetized for blood withdrawal, sacrificed and removal of the organs for analyses (liver, kidney and heart). In the biochemical tests were determined: hematological parameters in blood, aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, glucose and total cholesterol dosages in plasma, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and lipid damage marker were evaluated in different tissues, besides genotoxic and histopathological analyzes.RESULTS: In the extract of Carica papaya leaves, the flavonoids quercetin-3β-D-glucoside and rutin were identified, besides present positive results for alkaloids, saponins and tannins. This extract increased the activity of glutathione-S-transferase and catalase enzymes in the liver and reduced the levels of reduced glutathione in the kidneys and hematocrit levels, red cell count, and hemoglobin. It promoted the decrease of the reactive species of thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) in the kidneys and the activity of enzyme aspartate aminotransferase in the plasma and was antimutagenic in the micronucleus test.CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that extract of Carica papaya was beneficial against oxidative events and prevented DNA damage. The extract also showed hepatotoxicity, therefore prolonged infusion of papaya leaves is not advisable.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress induced by chlorpromazine in patients treated and acutely poisoned with the drug

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bratislav Dejanovic ◽  
Vesna Vukovic-Dejanovic ◽  
Ivana Stevanovic ◽  
Ivana Stojanovic ◽  
Gordana Mandic-Gajic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Total Antioxidative Status ◽  
Therapeutic Doses ◽  
Stress Parameters

Background/Aim. Although chlorpromazine (CPZ) is an antipsychotic drug widely used in clinical practice for a long time, its mechanism of action has not been entirely defined. An extremely difficult managing of patients acutely poisoned with CPZ is additional reason for detailed studying its toxicity mechanisms. In this clinical study, we investigated whether the oxidative stress (OS) mediates CPZ toxic effects in the exposed patients. Methods. The patients were organized into 3 groups: the T-group - hospitalized patients receiving therapeutic doses of 75-150 mg CPZ/day; the overdosed group, divided into two subgroups: the group M and the group S - mildly (CPZ serum concentration: 0.21 ? 0.05 mg/L) and severely (CPZ serum concentration: 2.66 ? 0.25 mg/L) poisoned patients, respectively, and the group C (control group of healthy volunteers). Oxidative stress parameters [total antioxidative status (TAS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma)] and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in erythrocytes were measured spectrophotometrically, and CPZ concentrations in serum were monitored chromatographically. One set of measurements was performed in the group C and T, whereas two sets of measurements (after 24 hours and 48 hours) were done in the poisoned patients, groups M and S. Results. A decrease of TAS and increase of SOD activity were obtained in both subgroups of the poisoned patients, compared to the controls and the group receiving therapeutic doses of CPZ. A significant increase of MDA was achieved in severely poisoned patients, compared to all other groups. Conclusion. Changed oxidative stress parameters in patients poisoned with chlorpromazine indicate involvement of oxidative stress in the toxicity mechanism(s) of chlorpromazine.

Protective impact of extract from Aronia melanocarpa berries against low-level exposure to cadmium-induced liver damage: a study in a rat model

Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S381 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mezynska ◽  
M Tomczyk ◽  
J Rogalska ◽  
B Pilat-Marcinkiewicz ◽  
M Galazyn-Sidoczuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Damage ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Aronia Melanocarpa

scholarly journals Beneficial Impact of an Extract from the Berries of Aronia melanocarpa L. on the Oxidative-Reductive Status of the Submandibular Gland of Rats Exposed to Cadmium

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Dąbrowski ◽  
Barbara M. Onopiuk ◽  
Halina Car ◽  
Paweł Onopiuk ◽  
Zofia N. Dąbrowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Aronia Melanocarpa ◽  
Beneficial Impact

Oxidative stress underlies the pathomechanisms of toxic action of cadmium (Cd), including its damaging impact on the oral cavity. This study investigated whether the administration of an extract from Aronia melanocarpa L. berries (AME), characterized by their strong antioxidative potential, may have a beneficial impact on the oxidative-reductive status of the submandibular gland in an experimental model of low-level and moderate human environmental exposure to cadmium. The main markers of the antioxidative status (glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, total antioxidative status (TAS)), total oxidative status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI = TOS/TAS), and lipid peroxides, as well as cadmium concentration, were evaluated in the submandibular gland tissue of female Wistar rats who received a 0.1% aqueous AME and/or a diet containing 0, 1, and 5 mg Cd/kg for 3 and 10 months. The treatment with cadmium decreased the activities of antioxidative enzymes (29%–74%), reduced glutathione concentration (45%–52%), and TAS and increased TOS, resulting in the development of oxidative stress and enhanced concentration of lipid peroxides in the submandibular gland. The administration of AME at both levels of exposure to cadmium offered significant protection against these actions of this xenobiotic. After the 10 month exposure to the 1 and 5 mg Cd/kg diet, TAS was decreased by 77% and 83%, respectively, TOS, OSI, and lipid peroxides concentration were increased by 50% and 52%, respectively, 11.8-fold and 14.4-fold, respectively, and 2.3-fold and 4.3-fold, respectively, whereas, in the case of the extract co-administration, the values of these parameters did not differ compared to the control group. The results indicate that the consumption of aronia products under exposure to cadmium may have a beneficial impact on the oxidative-reductive status of the submandibular gland and prevent oxidative stress development and enhanced lipid peroxidation in this salivary gland.

scholarly journals Quercetin Mediated Salt Tolerance in Tomato through the Enhancement of Plant Antioxidant Defense and Glyoxalase Systems

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvin ◽  
Hasanuzzaman ◽  
Bhuyan ◽  
Mohsin ◽  
Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Ionic Toxicity

Quercetin (Qu) is a strong antioxidant among the phenolic compounds having physiological and biochemical roles in plants. Hence, we have studied the Qu evolved protection against salinity in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Salinity caused ionic toxicity by increasing Na+ content in seedlings along with nutritional starvation of K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+. While osmotic stress was detected by higher free proline (Pro) content and lower leaf relative water content (LRWC) in salt-stressed seedlings. Salt toxicity also induced higher H2O2 generation, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and lipoxygenase (LOX) activity as a sign of oxidative stress. Tomato seedlings suffered from methylglyoxal (MG) toxicity, degradation of chlorophyll, along with lower biomass accumulation and growth due to salt exposure. However, Qu application under salinity resulted in lower Na+/K+ due to reduced Na+ content, higher LRWC, increased Pro, and reduction of H2O2 and MDA content, and LOX activity, which indicated alleviation of ionic, osmotic, and oxidative stress respectively. Quercetin caused oxidative stress, lessening through the strengthening of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. In addition, Qu increased glutathione S-transferase activity in salt-invaded seedlings, which might be stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging along with higher GSH content. As a result, toxic MG was detoxified in Qu supplemented salt-stressed seedlings by increasing both Gly I and Gly II activities. Moreover, Qu insisted on better plant growth and photosynthetic pigments synthesis in saline or without saline media. Therefore, exogenous applied Qu may become an important actor to minimize salt-induced toxicity in crops.

Nephrotoxicity and its prevention by taurine in tamoxifen induced oxidative stress in mice

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 509-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heena Tabassum ◽  
Suhel Parvez ◽  
Hasibur Rehman ◽  
Basu Dev Banerjee ◽  
Detlef Siemen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Phase I And Ii

Tamoxifen (TAM) is an anti-neoplastic drug used for the treatment of breast cancer. It decreases the hexose monophosphate shunt and thereby increasing the incidence of oxidative stress in cells leading to tissue injury. The present study was undertaken to investigate modulatory effects of taurine on the nephrotoxicity of TAM with special reference to protection against disruption of nonenzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants. Oxidative stress was measured by renal lipid peroxidation (LPO) level, protein carbonyl (PC) content, reduced glutathione (GSH), activities of phase I and II drug metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes. TAM treatment resulted in a significant ( P < 0.001) increase in LPO in kidney tissues as compared to control, while taurine pretreatment showed a significant decrease ( P < 0.01) in the LPO in kidneys when compared with the TAM-treated group. Taurine + TAM group animals showed restoration in the level of cytochrome P450 content, activities of glutathione metabolizing enzymes viz., glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Pretreatment of animals with taurine markedly attenuated, PC content, restored the depleted nonenzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants. These results clearly demonstrate the role of oxidative stress, and suggest a protective effect of taurine on TAM-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. Human & Experimental Toxicology (2007) 26: 509—518

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