Turkish Adaptation of the Positive-Negative Relationship Quality (PN-RQ) Scale: A Reliability and Validity Study

The present study investigates the reliability and validity of the Positive-Negative Relationship Quality (PN-RQ) scale in Turkey. In order to determine the validity and reliability of the scale, two studies were performed. The first was carried out with emerging adults (university students) who were in a romantic relationship (148 females, 43 males, and 2 unkown) and had the main purpose to examine the structure validity of the measurement tool in the Turkish sample with an exploratory analysis. Study 2 was performed online with 513 married adults (359 females, 149 males, and 5 unknown); confirmatory findings and criterion validity studies were added. Exploratory factor analyses revealed that relationship quality had a two-factor structure and that there was also a negative relationship between the factors. Confirmatory factor analyses on the married sample showed that the bi-factor model provided evidence for the multidimensional nature of the scale. Both studies demonstrated high internal consistency.

Download Full-text

Turkish Adaptation of the Positive–Negative Relationship Quality (PN-RQ) Scale: A Reliability and Validity Study

Behavioral Sciences ◽

10.3390/bs9090100 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 100

Author(s):

Arzu Araz ◽

Duygu Güngör ◽

Eda Aşçı

Keyword(s):

Relationship Quality ◽

Emerging Adults ◽

Romantic Relationship ◽

Factor Model ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Measurement Tool ◽

Factor Analyses ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analyses

Background: The present study investigates the reliability and validity of the Positive–Negative Relationship Quality (PN-RQ) scale in Turkey. This study aims to test different factorial models including orthogonal factors model, correlated factors model, one-factor model, and bifactor model. Methods: In order to determine the validity and reliability of the scale, two studies were performed. The first was carried out with emerging adults (university students) who were in a romantic relationship (148 females, 43 males, and 2 unknown) and had the main purpose to examine the structure validity of the measurement tool in the Turkish sample with an exploratory analysis. Study 2 was performed online with 513 married adults (359 females, 149 males, and 5 unknown); confirmatory findings and criterion validity studies were added. Results: Exploratory factor analyses revealed that relationship quality had a two-factor structure and that there was also a negative relationship between the factors. Confirmatory factor analyses on the married sample showed that the bi-factor model provided evidence for the multidimensional nature of the scale. Both studies demonstrated high internal consistency. Conclusion: There is evidence for reliability and validity in the Turkish version of the PN-RQ scale to measure both positive and negative aspects of the relationship. The PN-RQ scale will be highly functional for social and clinical psychologists who work on close relationship issues in Turkey.

Download Full-text

Developing Scale for Determining the Social Participation Skills for Children and Analyzing Its Psychometric Characteristics

International Education Studies ◽

10.5539/ies.v11n6p92 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 92

Author(s):

Osman Samanci ◽

Ebru Ocakci ◽

Ismail Secer

Keyword(s):

Social Participation ◽

Model Fit ◽

Measurement Tool ◽

Factor Analyses ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

School Students ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽

The Social ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Descriptive Survey

The purpose of this research is to conduct validity and reliability studies of the Scale for the Determining Social Participation for Children, developed to measure social participation skills of children aged 7-10 years. During the development of the scale, pilot schemes, validity analyzes, and reliability analyzes were conducted. In this context, the research was carried out with a total of 472 elementary school students in the ages of 7-10 years using the descriptive survey model. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to examine the factor structure of the scale and it was determined that the scale had a structure consisting of 16 items and one dimension and that this model had a good level of model fit. In order to examine the reliability of the scale, internal consistency and split-half reliability analyzes were performed and it was found that the scale had sufficient reliability. It can be said that the Scale for the Determining Social Participation for Children is a reliable and valid measurement tool that can be used to measure the social participation skills of students aged 7-10 years.

Download Full-text

Testing the Validity and Reliability of Machiavellianism Scale for Adolescents in a Turkish Speaking

Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi ◽

10.7816/nesne-09-20-06 ◽

2021 ◽

Keyword(s):

Reliability And Validity ◽

Two Dimensions ◽

Prosocial Behaviors ◽

Measurement Tool ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽

Normal Populations ◽

Adolescent Sample ◽

Long Time ◽

Mean Differences

Machiavvellianism is a personality trait which includes insincerity, callaousness and dishonesty. Although it was mainly studied by the literature of Psychopathology for a long time, Machiavvellianism is accepted as a trait which ordinary people has or must have, especially in competetive and extremely individualistic systems. Therefore this concept must also be studied in normal populations. Accordingly, the main aim of this research was to test the reliability and validity of Kiddie Mach (Christie, & Geis, 1970) in a Turkish speaking adolescent sample. A total of 471 adolescents (242 female, 225 male, 4 missing) were recruited for the study. The age range of the sample was 15-17 (Mean= 16.7, SD=.61). Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses indicated that scale had two dimensions. Two different analyzes were conducted to test the construct validity. First the extreme scores were compared for each subscale with t-test. The results showed that the mean differences between the upper and lower groups were significant. Second, Pearson Correlational Coefficients were analyzed between the Machiavvellianism total score which was formed as a sum of two subdimentions and narcissism, traditional ve cyberbullying, callaousness ve prosocial behaviors. All correlations were significant in expected directions. Allover results indicated that Machiavvellianism Scale was a reliable and valid measurement tool among Turkish speaking adolescents. Keywords: Machiavvellianism, Narcissism, Callaousness, Prosocial Behaviors, Adolescents

Download Full-text

Lack of Construct Validity and Item-Content Overlap in the Assessment of Romantic Relationship Quality

10.31234/osf.io/w32dc ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Blandine Ribotta ◽

Miguel Alejandro A. Silan ◽

Olivier Dujols ◽

Ronan Bellemin ◽

Hans IJzerman

Keyword(s):

Relationship Quality ◽

Romantic Relationship ◽

Internal Validity ◽

Factor Analyses ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽

General Validity ◽

Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽

Item Content ◽

Definition Of ◽

Romantic Relationship Quality

Central to interventions to improve the quality of romantic relationships is its measurement. Yet, to what degree is the concept of relationship quality well-defined, and, importantly, well-measured? In the present article, the authors conducted a comprehensive search of instruments measuring relationship quality in ProQuest, Web of Science, and Scopus finding a total of 599 scales, with 26 meeting our definition of romantic relationship quality. When the authors investigated the 26 scales’ overlap of item-content, they identified 25 distinct categories among 754 items (with our database of items on the OSF: https://osf.io/v964p/). The mean overlap between scales was weak (Jaccard Index correlation coefficient = 0.39), indicating that these scales were very heterogeneous. The authors then assessed to what extent researchers reported internal validity in 43 scale development-validation articles. They found that Cronbach’s Alpha was most often reported (in 91% of the articles). Other aspects were reported far less often, with 55% reporting exploratory factor analyses, 26% reporting confirmatory factor analyses, 23% reporting test-retest reliability, 7% reporting measurement invariance. The heterogeneity of measures and lack of reported general validity of romantic relationship quality points to the need for concept-driven work on the assessment of romantic relationship quality.

Download Full-text

The Acculturation Scale for Vietnamese Adolescents (ASVA): A bidimensional perspective

International Journal of Behavioral Development ◽

10.1080/01650250042000672 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 202-213 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

Huong H. Nguyen ◽

Alexander Von Eye

Keyword(s):

Factor Model ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Two Dimensions ◽

Factor Analyses ◽

Good Reliability ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽

Group Interactions ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

The Us ◽

Family Orientation

The purpose of this study was to develop an acculturation scale that: (1) empirically demonstrated the bidimensional model; and (2) that pertained to the concerns of Vietnamese adolescents. Altogether, 191 Vietnamese students (ages 10–23) were recruited from eight middle schools and high schools in Lansing, Michigan (USA). Based on responses from their questionnaires, results indicated that The Acculturation Scale for Vietnamese Adolescents (ASVA) demonstrated good reliability and validity overall. Confirmatory factor analyses also demonstrated support for the ASVA's two dimensions (Involvement in the Vietnamese Culture and Involvement in the US Culture) and four life-domains within each dimension (i.e., Group Interactions, Everyday Lifestyles, Family Orientation, and Global Involvements). The CFAs indicated that the ASVA's two-factor and four-factor structures achieved an excellent fit to the data and furthermore, that a bidimensional, two-factor model was superior to a unidimensional, bipolar one predominantly used in acculturation scales today. As such, this study demonstrated the utility of viewing acculturation from a two-dimensional framework; it also provided researchers a practical, 2D scale to use.

Download Full-text

Evaluations of the Psychometric Properties of the Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes among a Sample of Young French Table Tennis Players

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/03.14.pr0.114k18w2 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 114 (2) ◽

pp. 326-340 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Guillaume Martinent ◽

Jean-Claude Decret ◽

Edith Filaire ◽

Sandrine Isoard-Gautheur ◽

Claude Ferrand

Keyword(s):

Factor Structure ◽

Factor Model ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Self Report ◽

Table Tennis ◽

Recovery Stress ◽

Factor Analyses ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽

Tennis Players ◽

Confirmatory Factor

This study used confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) among a sample of young French table tennis players to test: (a) original 19-factor structure, (b) 14-factor structure recently suggested in literature, and (c) hierarchical factor structure of the Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes (RESTQ–Sport). 148 table tennis players completed the RESTQ–Sport and other self-report questionnaires between one to five occasions with a delay of 1 mo. between each completion. Results of CFAs showed: (a) evidence for relative superiority of the original model in comparison to an alternative model recently proposed in literature, (b) a good fit of the data for the 67-item 17-factor model of the RESTQ–Sport, and (c) an acceptable fit of the data for the hierarchical model of the RESTQ–Sport. Correlations between RESTQ–Sport subscales and burnout and motivation subscales also provided evidence for criterion-related validity of the RESTQ–Sport. This study provided support for reliability and validity of the RESTQ–Sport.

Download Full-text

Caregivers’ Barriers to Facilitating Medication Adherence in Adolescents/Young Adults With Solid Organ Transplants: Measure Development and Validation

Journal of Pediatric Psychology ◽

10.1093/jpepsy/jsaa023 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (5) ◽

pp. 498-508

Author(s):

Grace K Cushman ◽

Kristin Loiselle Rich ◽

Kelly E Rea ◽

Lauren F Quast ◽

Mary Gray Stolz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Medication Adherence ◽

Internalizing Symptoms ◽

Factor Model ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Solid Organ ◽

Organ Transplants ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽

Immunosuppressant Medications

Abstract Objective To evaluate the factor structure, validity, and reliability of the Caregiver Medication Barriers to Adherence Scale (CMBAS), which assesses caregivers’ barriers to facilitating medication adherence in adolescent and young adults (AYAs) with solid organ transplants. Methods The sample included 93 caregivers of AYAs ages 12–22 years who received a liver, kidney, or heart transplant. Caregivers completed the CMBAS and surveys to assess its validity, including internalizing symptoms, personality traits (i.e., neuroticism, conscientiousness), and AYAs’ nonadherence to immunosuppressant medications. AYA nonadherence to tacrolimus was objectively assessed via the Medication Level Variability Index (MLVI). Results Confirmatory factor analyses of the CMBAS revealed a two-factor model: Caregiver Emotional Distress and Caregiver Cognitive Burden/Responsibility. Higher CMBAS scores were related to higher levels of caregiver internalizing symptoms (rs = .28 to .30), neuroticism (r = .27), and caregiver proxy-reported immunosuppressant nonadherence (r = .27), as well as lower levels of caregiver conscientiousness (rs = −.25 to −.26). The CMBAS was not associated with the MLVI (rs = −.13 to −.16). Conclusions The CMBAS demonstrated reliability and validity for caregivers of AYAs with solid organ transplants. Findings support the use of the CMBAS as a brief clinical screening tool to identify caregivers’ barriers to facilitating AYA medication adherence.

Download Full-text

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Emotional Inhibition Scale in a Chinese Cancer Sample

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.654777 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Liping Liu ◽

Yikai Xu ◽

Yanni Wu ◽

Xiaoxia Li ◽

Chunlan Zhou

Keyword(s):

Internal Consistency ◽

Factor Model ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Self Control ◽

Factor Analyses ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽

Emotional Inhibition ◽

Patients With Cancer ◽

Two Samples ◽

Exploratory Factor Analyses

The Emotional Inhibition Scale (EIS) is a brief measure based on a four-factor model with documented validity in a mood disorder sample that may be useful for assessing emotional inhibition in patient populations, such as individuals with cancer. The present study adapted the EIS to Chinese conditions and examined the psychometric characteristics of the EIS in patients with cancer. The recruited participants comprised a sample of 100 patients (sample 1) and a sample of 202 patients (sample 2) with cancer. The two samples (sample 1 and sample 2) with cancer completed surveys including the EIS. The Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 was completed by the two sample groups to assess criterion validity. Statistical analyses included internal consistency (sample 1), exploratory factor analyses (EFAs; sample 1), and confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs; sample 2). The results showed that EFA and CFA confirmed the four-factor solution proposed by the original authors (verbal inhibition, self-control, disguise of feelings, and timidity). The internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the EIS were satisfactory. In conclusion, the EIS demonstrated acceptable reliability and validity for assessing emotional inhibition in Chinese-speaking patients with cancer and may be a useful measure for assessing the level of emotional inhibition and the effect of emotional disclosure interventions.

Download Full-text

Medical artificial intelligence readiness scale for medical students (MAIRS-MS) – development, validity and reliability study

BMC Medical Education ◽

10.1186/s12909-021-02546-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ozan Karaca ◽

S. Ayhan Çalışkan ◽

Kadir Demir

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Medical Students ◽

Data Science ◽

Factor Model ◽

Health Science ◽

Measurement Tool ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Mathematical Concepts ◽

Evaluation And Monitoring

Abstract Background It is unlikely that applications of artificial intelligence (AI) will completely replace physicians. However, it is very likely that AI applications will acquire many of their roles and generate new tasks in medical care. To be ready for new roles and tasks, medical students and physicians will need to understand the fundamentals of AI and data science, mathematical concepts, and related ethical and medico-legal issues in addition with the standard medical principles. Nevertheless, there is no valid and reliable instrument available in the literature to measure medical AI readiness. In this study, we have described the development of a valid and reliable psychometric measurement tool for the assessment of the perceived readiness of medical students on AI technologies and its applications in medicine. Methods To define medical students’ required competencies on AI, a diverse set of experts’ opinions were obtained by a qualitative method and were used as a theoretical framework, while creating the item pool of the scale. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were applied. Results A total of 568 medical students during the EFA phase and 329 medical students during the CFA phase, enrolled in two different public universities in Turkey participated in this study. The initial 27-items finalized with a 22-items scale in a four-factor structure (cognition, ability, vision, and ethics), which explains 50.9% cumulative variance that resulted from the EFA. Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient was 0.87. CFA indicated appropriate fit of the four-factor model (χ2/df = 3.81, RMSEA = 0.094, SRMR = 0.057, CFI = 0.938, and NNFI (TLI) = 0.928). These values showed that the four-factor model has construct validity. Conclusions The newly developed Medical Artificial Intelligence Readiness Scale for Medical Students (MAIRS-MS) was found to be valid and reliable tool for evaluation and monitoring of perceived readiness levels of medical students on AI technologies and applications. Medical schools may follow ‘a physician training perspective that is compatible with AI in medicine’ to their curricula by using MAIRS-MS. This scale could be benefitted by medical and health science education institutions as a valuable curriculum development tool with its learner needs assessment and participants’ end-course perceived readiness opportunities.

Download Full-text

The Iranian version of theory-based intention for cesarean section (IR-TBICS) scale: development and first evaluation

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-020-03498-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Seyed Abolhassan Naghibi ◽

Maryam Khazaee-Pool ◽

Mahmood Moosazadeh

Keyword(s):

Cesarean Section ◽

Content Validity ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Quality Criteria ◽

Factor Analyses ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Delivery Method ◽

Northern Iran ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analyses

Abstract Background The rate at which mothers experience a cesarean section in the absence of medical signs is growing worldwide. Women’s beliefs and intentions play an essential role in the request or choice of a delivery method. At present, there is no comprehensive, validated scale for assessing pregnant women’s beliefs about cesarean section in the Iranian population. This study was performed to develop and assess the validity and reliability of the intention-based cesarean section scale using the theory of reasoned action (TRA) constructs as a theoretical framework for measuring intention toward the selection of a delivery method. Methods In this cross-sectional validation study, 480 pregnant women were recruited from Sari, in northern Iran, through a multistage random sampling approach. Content validity was examined using the content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR). Furthermore, both exploratory factor analyses (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were applied to assess the construct validity of the developed scale. Reliability was measured by internal consistency and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Quality criteria for floor and ceiling effects were derived from existing guidelines and consensus within our research group. Results The results obtained from the factor analysis showed that the data were fit to the model (χ2 = 2298.389, P < 0.001). The TRA comprised 24 items assessing five domains, which described 62.46% of the common variance. The CFA showed a model with suitable fitness for the data. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the domains of the scale ranged from 0.609 to 0.843, and the ICC value ranged from 0.71 to 0.84, which is within the satisfactory range. The IR-TBICS scale had no floor or ceiling effect on the total score or any of the dimensions. Conclusions The belief-based cesarean section scale appears to be a reliable instrument. It is considered suitable and can be applied in other research in Iran.

Download Full-text