scholarly journals Bodies of knowledge, Kinetic Melodies, Rhythms of Relating and Affect Attunement in Vital Spaces for Multi-Species Well-Being: Finding Common Ground in Intimate Human-Canine and Human-Equine Encounters

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna Carlyle ◽  
Pamela Graham
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
Physiological Benefits ◽  
Affect Attunement ◽  
And Behavior

Children’s beneficial relationships with animals are well known. Companion animals, particularly dogs have become an integral part of family life and children’s material culture. Aside the proven physiological benefits there is little research about what children say about their relationships with animals and how they describe them. In this paper we bring together both horse-human and dog-human interactions, finding common ground for understanding the complexity of human development, well-being and flourishing. Dogs in schools are fast becoming a trend in helping support and enhance children’s learning as well as their social and emotional well-being. Studies have shown that the very presence of a dog can increase children’s concentration, executive function and behavior. Also, equine therapy is gaining momentum and empirical studies are showing noteworthy benefits to children and young people. However, the lack of children’s voices means that the mechanisms for these benefits are somewhat unknown and unclear. In seeking to explore this, the authors utilize a visual, sensory and diffractive ethnographic approach to illuminate and illustrate, experiment and re-enact, how the children relate, share spaces and multiple subjectivities with their classroom canine, “Ted” and companion horse “Henry”. ”Henry” is part of a programme in which youngsters care for and engage in activities with horses.

scholarly journals Bodies of Knowledge, Kinetic Melodies, Rhythms of Relating and Affect Attunement in Vital Spaces for Multi-Species Well-Being: Finding Common Ground in Intimate Human-Canine and Human-Equine Encounters

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 934
Author(s):  
Donna Carlyle ◽  
Pamela Graham
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Photo Elicitation ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Human Flourishing ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
North East ◽  
Rich Data ◽  
Affect Attunement

In this paper, we bring together two separate studies and offer a double similitude as it were, in finding “common ground” and “common worlds” between dog–human and horse–human interactions. Appreciation of the process and mechanism of affect (and affect theory) can enable a greater understanding of child–animal interactions in how they benefit and co-constitute one another in enhancing well-being and flourishing. Studies have thus far fallen short of tapping into this significant aspect of human–animal relationships and the features of human flourishing. There has been a tendency to focus more on related biological and cognitive enhancement (lowering of blood pressure, increase in the “feel good” hormone oxytocin) such as a dog’s mere “presence” in the classroom improving tests of executive function and performance. Study A details an affective methodology to explore the finer nuances of child–dog encounters. By undertaking a sensory and walking ethnography in a North East England Primary School with Year 6 (aged 10 and 11 years) and Year 4 (aged 7 and 8 years) children (60 in total), participant observation enabled rich data to emerge. Study B involves two separate groups of young people aged between 16 and 19 years who were excluded from mainstream education and identified as “vulnerable” due to perceived behavioural, social or emotional difficulties. It used mixed methods to gather and examine data from focus groups, interviews and statistics using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Photo elicitation was an additional source of information. This equine intervention facilitated vital spaces for social and emotional well-being. The important significance of touch to children’s and young people’s well-being suggests a need for “spaces” in classrooms, and wider society, which open up this possibility further and challenge a “hands-off” pedagogy and professional practice.

Anthropomorphism and Anthropomorphic Selection—Beyond the "Cute Response"

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Serpell
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Support Providers ◽  
Evolutionary Selection ◽  
Human Side ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Health And Well Being

AbstractThis article explores the origin and evolutionary implications of anthropomorphism in the context of our relationships with animal companions. On the human side, anthropomorphic thinking enables animal companions' social behavior to be construed in human terms, thereby allowing these nonhuman animals to function for their human owners or guardians as providers of nonhuman social support. Absence of social support is known to be detrimental to human health and well being. Therefore, anthropomorphism and its corollary, pet keeping, have obvious biological fitness implications. On the animal side, anthropomorphism constitutes a unique evolutionary selection pressure, analogous to sexual selection, which has molded the appearance, anatomy, and behavior of companion animal species so as to adapt them to their unusual ecological niche as social support providers. Although such species undoubtedly have benefited numerically from the effects of this process, the consequences of anthropomorphism are less benign when viewed from the perspective of individual animals. Indeed, anthropomorphic selection probably is responsible for some of the more severe welfare problems currently found in companion animals.

Dogs on Campus

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 489-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
John-Tyler Binfet ◽  
Kathryn Struik
Keyword(s):  
Formative Evaluation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Geriatric Care ◽  
Animal Assisted Therapy ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Therapy Dogs ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Support Students

Abstract Once used mostly in clinical settings such as hospitals and geriatric care centers, canine animal-assisted therapy programs have become increasingly commonplace on university campuses to reduce stress and support students’ social and emotional well-being. Researchers responding to the call for increased empirical rigor in studies assessing the effects of animal-assisted therapy and practitioners seeking to initiate well-being programs on campus can face challenges in accessing therapy dogs and their volunteer handlers. This article outlines how therapy canines and their handlers may be holistically assessed for participation in university-based initiatives and presents a model that includes the prescreening of volunteer handlers, training sessions for handlers, the use of multiple raters to assess canine temperament and behavior, the use of mock sessions, and the use of ongoing formative evaluation and feedback for handlers once they are accepted into the program.

The Role of Fear of Crime in Donating and Volunteering

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Britto ◽  
David M. Van Slyke ◽  
Teresa I. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Charitable Organization ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Extensive empirical studies have established that women fear crime more than men and theoretical arguments have suggested this difference produces consequences ranging from increased medical and psychological problems to restricted movement and limited exposure to social networks and opportunities resulting in restrictive informal social control and reduced social capital. More recently, a number of studies have begun to test the theoretical link between fear and behavior, with some suggesting fear will restrict prosocial behavior and others suggesting fear will motivate behavior that improves personal and communal well-being. This study adds to this emerging literature by exploring how fear of crime affects two measures of philanthropic behavior—donating and volunteerism. Using a stratified random telephone survey of 2,361 individuals living in the 20 counties that compose the greater Metro Atlanta area, the authors explore the role of fear of crime as an independent variable in models of donating and volunteering time to a charitable organization. Additionally, interaction terms are included in models of volunteering to control for the possibility that the strength of the relationship may vary based on sex. The results indicate that fear of crime is an important predictor of volunteering, but not donating, and that the effects are stronger for women than men.

Anthropomorphism and Anthropomorphic Selection—Beyond the "Cute Response"

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Serpell
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Support Providers ◽  
Evolutionary Selection ◽  
Human Side ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Health And Well Being

AbstractThis article explores the origin and evolutionary implications of anthropomorphism in the context of our relationships with animal companions. On the human side, anthropomorphic thinking enables animal companions' social behavior to be construed in human terms, thereby allowing these nonhuman animals to function for their human owners or guardians as providers of nonhuman social support. Absence of social support is known to be detrimental to human health and well being. Therefore, anthropomorphism and its corollary, pet keeping, have obvious biological fitness implications. On the animal side, anthropomorphism constitutes a unique evolutionary selection pressure, analogous to sexual selection, which has molded the appearance, anatomy, and behavior of companion animal species so as to adapt them to their unusual ecological niche as social support providers. Although such species undoubtedly have benefited numerically from the effects of this process, the consequences of anthropomorphism are less benign when viewed from the perspective of individual animals. Indeed, anthropomorphic selection probably is responsible for some of the more severe welfare problems currently found in companion animals.

scholarly journals Social and Emotional Learning in the Ibero-American Context: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco-Domingo Fernández-Martín ◽  
José-María Romero-Rodríguez ◽  
José-Antonio Marín-Marín ◽  
Gerardo Gómez-García
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
School Safety ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Social And Emotional Learning ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Emotional Learning ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Social And Emotional

Social and emotional learning (SEL) has acquired great prominence in recent years, due to the skills it develops in students, influencing personal and social well-being. At the same time, society is moving toward a model in which understanding oneself and others is a fundamental aspect in order to function properly on a social level. Studies on SEL programmes have been carried out in various parts of the world, although recent reviews have focused exclusively on the Anglo-Saxon context. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to synthesize research on the efficacy and effectiveness of SEL programmes in Ibero-American contexts in early childhood, primary and secondary education. Systematic review was used as the method of enquiry, following the standards of The Campbell Collaboration. In total, 22 empirical studies of SEL programmes implemented in Ibero-America were collected. The results showed that the SEL variables with the highest incidence and significant results were self-awareness, social awareness, self-control, relationship skills, decision-making, school climate, well-being, and academic achievement. While no studies focused on sense of belonging or school safety. Finally, the establishment of programme components, duration, and integration, for each variable, scientifically evidences the keys that can ensure the success of future SEL programmes.

scholarly journals Impacts of Social and Emotional Learning Interventions for Teachers on Teachers' Outcomes: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Oliveira ◽  
Magda Sofia Roberto ◽  
Nádia Salgado Pereira ◽  
Alexandra Marques-Pinto ◽  
Ana Margarida Veiga-Simão
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Emotional Competence ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Social And Emotional Learning ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Emotional Learning ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
The Impact

Teaching is among the most emotionally demanding jobs, impacting teachers' personal lives and job performance. Since teaching-specific stressors are mainly socio-emotional related, social and emotional learning (SEL) interventions targeting teachers have increased rapidly in recent years. This study conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis of 43 empirical studies which evaluated the efficacy of school-based SEL interventions involving 3,004 in-service preK-12 teachers. The initial systematic review showed that these interventions were very heterogeneous and the research on their efficacy assessed widely distinct outcome variables. Concerning the meta-analysis, results showed statistically significant small to medium effect sizes favoring the experimental group, with SEL interventions impacting teachers' social and emotional competence [g = 0.59, 95% CI (0.29, 0.90)], well-being [g = 0.35, 95% CI (0.16, 0.54)], and psychological distress [g = −0.34, 95% CI (−0.57, −0.10)]. Meta-regressions did not reveal significant values of the explanatory variables, and publication bias was found for social and emotional competence and well-being domains. Findings add to growing empirical evidence regarding the impact of these interventions and contribute to the development of guidelines for the design of effective SEL interventions for teachers.

scholarly journals Team Collaboration: The Use of Behavior Principles for Serving Students With ASD

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy L. Donaldson ◽  
Aubyn C. Stahmer
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Interdisciplinary Teams ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Comprehensive Service ◽  
Behavior Analysts ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Successful Collaboration

PurposeSpeech-language pathologists (SLPs) and behavior analysts are key members of school-based teams that serve children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Behavior analysts approach assessment and intervention through the lens of applied behavior analysis (ABA). ABA-based interventions have been found effective for targeting skills across multiple domains for children with ASD. However, some SLPs may be unfamiliar with the breadth of ABA-based interventions. The intent of this tutorial is to briefly introduce key ABA principles, provide examples of ABA-based interventions used within schools, and identify strategies for successful collaboration between behavior analysts and SLPs.MethodThis tutorial draws from empirical studies of ABA-based interventions for children with ASD within school settings, as well as discussions in the extant literature about the use of behavior principles by SLPs and strategies for interdisciplinary collaboration.ConclusionGiven the prevalence of ASD at 1 in 68 children (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014) and the high cost of serving these children within schools (an average cost of 286% over regular education; Chambers, Shkolnik, & Perez, 2003), the need for effective, comprehensive service provision and efficiency within interdisciplinary teams is paramount. Communication, mutual understanding, and recognition of common ground between SLPs and behavior analysts can lead to successful collaboration.

Culture, names and economic development

2016 ◽  
pp. 81-106
Author(s):  
E. Borisova ◽  
A. Kulkova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
And Behavior

Various components of culture have long been in the focus of economic research. Numerous empirical studies show that cultural norms, as well as religion and language, matter for economic development and have not only statistical but also economic significance. This paper considers various examples of how culture can affect individual values and behavior. It also deals with personal names as a key marker of one’s cultural identity. Overall, the paper contributes to the more profound understanding of a famous notion that "culture matters", and helps clarify the mechanisms through which culture exerts its influence.

Temporal Focus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbie J. Shipp
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Psychology Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
The Future ◽  
Behavior Based ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Temporal Focus

Temporal focus is the individual tendency to characteristically think more or less about the past, present, and future. Although originally rooted in early work from psychology, research on temporal focus has been steadily growing in a number of research areas, particularly since Zimbardo and Boyd’s (1999) influential article on the topic. This chapter will review temporal focus research from the past to the present, including how temporal focus has been conceptualized and measured, and which correlates and outcomes have been tested in terms of well-being and behavior. Based on this review, an agenda for research is created to direct temporal focus research in the future.

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