scholarly journals Africa’s Response Mechanisms to the Ramification of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinenye Ezeh ◽  
Patrice Monkam ◽  
Gyilbag Amatus ◽  
Joseph Jonathan Magoua ◽  
Mwichie Namusamba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Health Delivery ◽  
Home Based ◽  
The World ◽  
Creativity And Innovation

The ongoing crisis of COVID-19 pandemic that swept across the world, poses serious challenges on health delivery systems particularly in developing countries. In Africa however, the crisis rather inspires and sparks creativity and innovation at the national, institutional, organizational, and individual levels. This paper unravels Africa’s response mechanisms to the virus that might have relatively contributed to the low infection rate of the pandemic within the continent. Some criteria are adopted to assess and assemble the most influential government policies and home-grown innovations from various African countries and territories within the continent. It is found that, some of the innovations do not only help in combating the virus, but also have socio-economic benefits as they substantially complement government efforts in easing the burden of the citizenry as they cope with preventive protocols imposed on them. This study will be helpful in identifying the most significant home-based innovations that can be improved and used to reduce health delivery crises within the continent even after COVID-19.

Exploring the World Trade Organisation's Trade and Environment/Public Health Jurisprudence as a Model for Incorporating a Trade–Labour Linkage into the Organisation's Multilateral Trade Regime: Should African Countries Accept a Policy Shift?

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-65
Author(s):  
Tapiwa V. Warikandwa ◽  
Patrick C. Osode
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
World Trade ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Trade Regime ◽  
Multilateral Trade ◽  
Appellate Body ◽  
The World ◽  
Labour Standards ◽  
The Impact

The incorporation of a trade-labour (standards) linkage into the multilateral trade regime of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has been persistently opposed by developing countries, including those in Africa, on the grounds that it has the potential to weaken their competitive advantage. For that reason, low levels of compliance with core labour standards have been viewed as acceptable by African countries. However, with the impact of WTO agreements growing increasingly broader and deeper for the weaker and vulnerable economies of developing countries, the jurisprudence developed by the WTO Panels and Appellate Body regarding a trade-environment/public health linkage has the potential to address the concerns of developing countries regarding the potential negative effects of a trade-labour linkage. This article argues that the pertinent WTO Panel and Appellate Body decisions could advance the prospects of establishing a linkage of global trade participation to labour standards without any harm befalling developing countries.

Adoption of E-Government in Africa

2014 ◽  
pp. 101-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priti Jain ◽  
Akakandelwa Akakandelwa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Present State ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Theoretical Underpinning ◽  
Government Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Citizen Empowerment

Increasingly, the importance of e-government is growing owing to higher quality delivery of government services, improved citizen empowerment through access to e-information, and better interactions between governments and their stakeholders. Despite all this recognition and appreciation of e-government, there is slow uptake and high failure of e-government in developing countries. A huge imbalance still remains between developed and developing countries, specifically in Africa because of numerous impediments. Africa lags far behind all other regions in the world. Some African countries have initiated e-government, such as Ghana, Nigeria, and South Africa, yet others have not taken any initiative or are very slow in realizing its full take off, for instance, Tanzania, Botswana, and Zambia. In light of the above background, the main purpose of this chapter is to determine the challenges and based on the findings make recommendations for adoption of E-Government in Arica. The chapter reviews the theoretical underpinning of E-Government as a tool for modernizing public administration; examines the present state of e-government in Africa; highlights the challenges and barriers African countries encounter in their quest to develop E-Government; reviews the role of public libraries in E-Government, and finally, makes recommendations for E-Government adoption in Africa and other developing countries.

Using survey data: towards valid estimates of poverty in the South

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Roy Carr-Hill
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Household Surveys ◽  
Death Registration ◽  
East African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The World

It is important to be cautious about making inferences from survey data. This chapter focuses on one very important but unexamined problem, that of the undercount of the poorest in the world. This arises both by design (excluding the homeless, those in institutions and nomadic populations) and in practice (those in fragile households, urban slums, insecure areas and servants/slaves in rich households). In developing countries, it is difficult to make inter-censal estimates because essential data like birth and death registration are not systematically collected. Donors have therefore promoted the use of international standardized household surveys. A possible alternative is Citizen surveys initiated by an Indian NGO (Pratham). Comparisons are made between citizen surveys and contemporaneous Demographic and Health Surveys in three East African countries

A Study on the Economic Benefits of Globalization: Focusing on the Poverty and Inequality between the Rich and the Poor

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Hyup Shin
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Global Poverty ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
The World ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Developed Countries

Globalization is now well recognized by many as an inescapable feature of the world today. In particular, in the middle of global economic crisis globalization is one of the hot issues drawing much attention from countries around the world. There are contradictory perspectives on globalization. There are many sweeping statements that assert that economic globalization is increasing global poverty and inequality between the rich and the poor in the world. There are also many others who insist that the poverty and inequality issues have been resolved in some sense through globalization. In order to find the answer to the question, firstly the meaning of globalization was fully explained. Based on the understanding of globalization, the questions such as how globalization has contributed to reduce the economic gap between the developed and the developing countries, and to reduce the poverty by analyzing the economic growth, the number of people living below the absolute poverty line and so on were analyzed. The reasons why globalization is a good opportunity for some countries while some other countries get not something from the globalization was also discussed in this research. We found that globalization has contributed to reduce global poverty and to increase the welfare of both the developed and developing countries. However globalization has impacted different groups differently. Some have benefited enormously, while others have borne more of the costs. The developed countries could get more economic benefits from the less developed countries through globalization. This means, inequality between the rich and the poor countries still remained as a serious threat in the global economy. And even among the developing countries globalization has impacted differently. The trends toward faster growth and poverty reduction are strongest in developing economies that have integrated with the global economy most rapidly, which supports the view that integration has been a positive force for improving the lives of people in developing countries There are two main reasons for the inequality existing between the developed and developing countries. The fist one is the difference of economic size and power between the developed countries and the developing countries started to exist from the late 18th century. The second one is the differences in the management skill in taking advantage of the globalization.

The virtual Colombo plan: Implications for developing countries

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Rooksby
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Australian Government ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
The World ◽  
Colombo Plan

This paper considers the available documentation on the Virtual Colombo Plan (or VCP for short), launched by the World Bank and the Australian Government in 2001. The Plan is one of the World Bank’s key projects for encouraging greater use of information and communications technologies (ICTs) in developing countries, with a focus on the using ICTs for education, as well as for economic benefits.

Global Trade Law: Challenges and Options for Africa

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olu Fasan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Government Procurement ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Rule Base ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Trade Law ◽  
The World ◽  
World Trading System ◽  
Systemic Problems

The Uruguay Round of trade negotiations, completed in 1994, has fundamentally transformed the legal landscape of the world trading system, making the WTO arguably the most powerful international economic institution in the world. Yet, the systemic problems that have dogged the WTO since its establishment in 1995 have their roots in the nature of this transformation and its implications for developing countries, especially African states. Developing countries, hitherto excluded from GATT rules, became subject to expanded WTO legal rules and disciplines on a range of new areas, including services, intellectual property rights and investment measures. The possibility of deepening and widening the rule-base of the trade regime is also likely with the Doha agenda, which includes possible negotiations on new rules dealing with investment, competition policy, trade facilitation, and transparency in government procurement.Clearly, the increasing legalization and internationalization of trade rules have implications for weak states. International legalization involves sophisticated bargaining where power relations play a significant role. The purpose of this article is to explore, in the context of some of the theories of international law and political economy, how the preferences and interests of African countries are reflected in international rule making that involves both weak and powerful states. The article traces the institutional and legal evolution of the world trading system and how African countries have been affected by these developments. The new Doha agenda is examined with a view to establishing whether it holds out any real hope of redressing the imbalances in the system. Finally, suggestions are made as to how global trade rules can be fair, and therefore made to work for poor states.

scholarly journals Impact of One Belt,One Road Initiatives on African Infrastructure Development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helex Kayembe ◽  
Lazarus Obed Livingstong Banda Stone ◽  
Colleen Mbughi ◽  
George N. Chidimbah Munthali
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
African Countries ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
The World ◽  
Silk Road Economic Belt ◽  
Trade Partners

Abstract Background: China is one of the developing countries that has witnessed tremendous growth in all sectors of development. One of the strategies that China is using is the reintroduction of the 21st Century Silk Road Economic Belt Development Initiative which moves across the world creating trade partners all around the world. Some of the African countries are among the beneficiaries se in this initiate especially in terms of infrastructure development which is ranked behind as compared to other developments. Aim of the study: This review was aimed at finding out the impacts of OBRI on infrastructure development in African countries. Methods: The data were retrieved from the databases of Scopus, Google Scholars, Web of science with papers that were written in English in the month of September to November 2020. Results: The results of the study indicated that OBRI has positively impacted many participating countries in Africa. However, it is also argued that many African countries over depend on the loans provided through this strategy which acts as a burden. Conclusion: This study recommends that African countries should be underrating clearly the terms of the agreements during the time of signing of the loan agreements by even assessing their capacity to pay back. Besides, African countries should civically educate people on the ownership of these projects for sustainability

E-Government and Transformation of Service Delivery in Malaysia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1606-1622
Author(s):  
Noore Alam Siddiquee ◽  
Mohd. Zin Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Sector Reform ◽  
The Core ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
Service Delivery Systems ◽  
The Government

Since the 1990s e-government has been a leading feature of public sector reform in Malaysia. As elsewhere around the world, at the core Malaysia's e-government agenda is the desire to reinvent governance and service delivery so as to realize national developmental goals. Variety of e-initiatives undertaken and implemented over the past decades has improved the nation's e-profile and readiness. These programs have also brought about profound changes to the mode of service delivery and the nature of interactions between the government and citizens and other stakeholders. The paper demonstrates the current trends in e-government by focusing on some most recent initiatives and their roles in modifying governance and service delivery systems thereby producing benefits of efficiency, improved access and convenience, among others. It argues that while Malaysia has made significant inroads in e-services and is ahead of most developing countries, yet progress remains unsatisfactory when compared with regional and world leaders. The paper sheds lights on current impediments of e-government in Malaysia and their implications.

Adoption of E-Government in Africa

2015 ◽  
pp. 1070-1092
Author(s):  
Priti Jain ◽  
Akakandelwa Akakandelwa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Present State ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Theoretical Underpinning ◽  
Government Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Citizen Empowerment

Increasingly, the importance of e-government is growing owing to higher quality delivery of government services, improved citizen empowerment through access to e-information, and better interactions between governments and their stakeholders. Despite all this recognition and appreciation of e-government, there is slow uptake and high failure of e-government in developing countries. A huge imbalance still remains between developed and developing countries, specifically in Africa because of numerous impediments. Africa lags far behind all other regions in the world. Some African countries have initiated e-government, such as Ghana, Nigeria, and South Africa, yet others have not taken any initiative or are very slow in realizing its full take off, for instance, Tanzania, Botswana, and Zambia. In light of the above background, the main purpose of this chapter is to determine the challenges and based on the findings make recommendations for adoption of E-Government in Arica. The chapter reviews the theoretical underpinning of E-Government as a tool for modernizing public administration; examines the present state of e-government in Africa; highlights the challenges and barriers African countries encounter in their quest to develop E-Government; reviews the role of public libraries in E-Government, and finally, makes recommendations for E-Government adoption in Africa and other developing countries.

scholarly journals Seminar on Narcotics Problems in Developing Countries in Africa

1964 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-120
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Narcotic Drug ◽  
The World ◽  
Narcotics Control ◽  
Illicit Trafficking

While most African countries have no real cause for alarm concerning narcotic drug addiction and illicit trafficking, the possibilities for the future in such a huge and rapidly changing area call for the utmost vigilance. Only in this way can the tragedy of large-scale addiction which has afflicted other wide regions of the world be avoided. Urbanisation, internal migration, and detribalisation are factors which might well sow the seeds of future trouble. The United Nations therefore organised this regional seminar, the first of its kind in Africa, as part of its programme of technical assistance in narcotics control.

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