Effects of Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) on Seedling and Yield Contributing Traits in Basmati Rice

Increasing genetic diversity in crop plants has been used for chemical mutagenesis. Through the application of various mutagenic agents, over 430 new varieties have been derived as rice mutants (Oryza sativa L.) Chemical mutagens such as ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), diepoxybutane derivative (DEB), sodium azide, and gamma ray, x-ray, and quick neutron irradiation have been commonly used to induce a large number of functional variations in rice and others crops. Among chemical mutagens, ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) is the alkylating agent most widely used in plants because it induces nucleotide substitutions to be extremely frequent, as detected in various genomes. In this study, seeds of potential genotype of the popular variety, (Oryza sativa L. Super Basmati variety) were treated with EMS at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1% and 1.5%. Various measurements on the M1 generation determined EMS sensitivity. As concentration of applied EMS increased, will decrease in germination, shoot length, root length, plant height, productive tillers, Panicle Length, Total Spikelet, sterile spikelet and fertility under field conditions were observed in M1 generation as compared to the non-treatment control. Emergence, shoot length, root length, plant height, productive tillers, Panicle Length, Total Spikelet, sterile spikelet and fertility also decreased with increases in EMS mutagenesis in an approximately linear fashion. The LD50 values were observed based on growth reduction of seedlings after EMS treatment with 0.25% and 0.50% on the rice variety (Oryza sativa L. spp.).

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Daya Gabung Beberapa Varietas Padi (Oryza sativa L.) pada Persilangan Dialel Menggunakan Metode Griffing II

Jurnal Sains Teknologi & Lingkungan ◽

10.29303/jstl.v0i0.257 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 84-93

Author(s):

Anak Agung Ketut Sudharmawan ◽

Baiq Erna Listiana ◽

Sofi Rianti

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Plant Height ◽

Power Analysis ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Grain Number ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Diallel Crossing ◽

High Yielding Varieties ◽

Materials Used

Diallel crossing is a method that is widely used to determine the ability to combine each individual so that it can identify the potential elders to be used in crossbreeding programs to assemble high yielding varieties. This experiment aims to determine the combining power of dialelic crosses of several varieties of rice using the Griffing II method, carried out in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Mataram University in Nyiur Lembang Village, Narmada District, West Lombok Regency, from February to July 2019. This experiment uses the method experiments carried out in the field. The materials used in this experiment were four parents, namely IPB 3S variety, Situ Patenggang variety, Inpari 32 and G11 strain and the phenotype of the cross between the four parents. The experimental results showed that the effects of general affinity and special affinity for all observed characters (plant height, number of productive tillers, number of non-productive tillers, panicle length, number of filled grain, number of empty grain and weight of 100 grains) were significantly different, except on the effect of general affinity for the number of non-productive tillers showed no significant difference. The results of the combined power analysis of the four elders were positive, so it can be said that the four elders would get good results when crossed with a number of other genotypes.

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DETERMINATION OF LETHAL DOSE OF RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) GENOTYPES BY RADIO SENSITIVITY TEST

PLANT ARCHIVES ◽

10.51470/plantarchives.2021.v21.no1.266 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rigyan Gupta ◽

Mirza Mofazzal Islam ◽

Shamshun Nahar Begum ◽

Wasim Akram ◽

Md. Shafiqul Islam

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Root Length ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Lethal Dose ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Variable Response ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Gamma Radiations ◽

Radio Sensitivity

The purpose of the research was to determine the effects of gamma ray on seed germination, shoot length, root length, and shoot and root fresh weight of Rice (Oryza sativa L. spp. Indica) to identify the lethal dosage of the radiation. For this research, two rice genotypes viz., Binadhan-17 and Galon were examined for varietal differences in radio sensitivity to gamma radiations. Dry healthy seeds were figured to variable doses of gamma radiations i.e., 50-1000 Gy with 50 Gy intervals using 60Co as the radiation source. Highly significant differences among the genotypes (p<0.01) for all traits and treatments were observed. The differences among radiation treatments were highly significant (p<0.01) for germination percentage of seed, shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh weight. The genotype × dose interactions were highly significant for germination percentage, shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight and root fresh weight indicating no stability of performance for characters across different radiation levels. Mutagenic treatments shifted mean values towards negative direction for almost all traits but not in a definite pattern. In general, genotypes displayed variable response towards gamma radiations and there LD25 and LD50 were different.

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Pengaruh Pola Tanam Terhadap Pertumbuhan Gulma dan Komponen Produksi Tanaman Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa L.)

Jurnal Agrium ◽

10.29103/agrium.v14i2.875 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

Irwansyah Irwansyah ◽

Bhaidawi Bhaidawi ◽

Muhammad Yusuf N

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Plant Height ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Block Design ◽

Cropping Pattern ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Cropping Patterns ◽

Weed Growth ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Planting System

The principle of planting system “Jajar Legowo” is to increase the plant population by adjusting the spacing so that the crop will have a row of plants interspersed by empty rows where the spacing is on the row of rows half the spacing between rows. The purpose of this study to investigate the effect of different rice cropping patterns on weed growth. The research was conducted at Gampong Lhok Iboh, Baktiya district Barat North Aceh Regency started from March to June 2017. This research used non factorial Randomized Block Design which consists factor with 2 treatments: P1 (conventional cropping pattern) and P2 (jajar legowo). Observations included the amount of dominance (%), plant height (cm), number of tillers, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, and weight of 1000 grains per plot. The results revealed that cropping pattern had an effect on weed growth and production component of paddy. Planting system “jajar legowo” 2: 1 (25cm x 25 cm x 40 cm) was much better compared to conventional cropping pattern

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Genetic Diversity of Local Rainfed Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

Bangladesh Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics ◽

10.3329/bjpbg.v23i2.9324 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 41-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MA Siddique ◽

ESMH Rashid ◽

M Khalequzzaman ◽

MZ Islam ◽

MS Ahmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Oryza Sativa ◽

Plant Height ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Mean Value ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Rainfed Rice ◽

Cluster Distance

Genetic diversity of 58 traditional local rice genotypes was studied under rainfed condition through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into nine clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The cluster III contained the highest number of genotypes (13) and the cluster I contained the lowest (2). The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster I and the lowest for cluster VII. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster I and IV followed by cluster IX and IV, cluster I and VI and the lowest between cluster V and III. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster IV showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster IV could be hybridized with the genotypes of other characters of other clusters for producing transgressive segregants. Based on positive value of vector 1 and vector 2, flag leaf length, plant height, panicle length and grain breath had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The highest cluster means for yield, 1000 grain weight and grain breath were obtained from cluster VIII. The highest plant height, flag leaf width and panicle length were found in cluster II while the lowest mean value for yield, days to flowering and maturity, unfilled grain and the highest mean value for grain length breadth ratio were found in cluster II. Therefore, more emphasis should be given on cluster IV and cluster VIII, cluster I and cluster IV for selecting genotypes as parents for crossing with the genotypes of cluster II which would be used to produce new recombinants with desired traits. Key words: Genetic diversity; D2 analysis; cluster analysis; rice (Oryza sativa L)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v23i2.9324 Bangladesh J. Pl. Breed. Genet., 23(2): 41-46, 2010

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Impact of seasonal changes on spikelets per panicle, panicle length and plant height in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Euphytica ◽

10.1007/s10681-010-0332-7 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 179 (2) ◽

pp. 319-331 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mallikarjuna Rao Kovi ◽

Xufeng Bai ◽

Donghai Mao ◽

Yongzhong Xing

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Plant Height ◽

Seasonal Changes ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Spikelets Per Panicle

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I Heritabilitas Galur Padi Beras Hitam (Oryza sativa L) Hasil Seleksi Pedigree F1

Jurnal Sains Teknologi & Lingkungan ◽

10.29303/jstl.v5i1.103 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

IGP Muliarta Aryana ◽

Bambang Budi Santoso ◽

AAK Sudharmawan ◽

Muhammad Sukri

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Field Experiment ◽

Plant Height ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Research Station ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Black Rice ◽

Pedigree Selection

This study aims to determine Heritability value of F1line of black rice characters result from pedigree selection. This research conducted by field experiment carried out at the research station of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mataram. Nyur Lembang Village, Narmada District, West Lombok Regency, NTB Province from February to June 2018. This research empioyed Randomized Complete Blok Desing (RCBD) by 40 genotipes as treatments with replications, so there are 80 of experimental units. Observed data analized by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The result of research showed that high of heritability value gained from flowering age plant height, panicle length, number of grains filled, and weight of 100 grains. Low heritability criteria are shown by number of productive tillers, number of empty grains, weight of grains per clumpsand yield (ton.ha-1)

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Fine Mapping and Cloning of the Novel Gene Qph-IAA30, which Simultaneously Affects the Plant Height, Panicle Length, Spikelet Number and Yield in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

10.21203/rs.3.rs-779960/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Niqing He ◽

Guangping Zhan ◽

Fenghuang Huang ◽

Xianghua Zheng ◽

Chaoping Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Plant Height ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Gene Prediction ◽

Rice Genome ◽

Rice Cultivar ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Higher Plant

Abstract Background: The plant height is one of the most important agronomic traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.), and the introduction of semidwarf rice led to record yield increases throughout Asia in the 1960s. Near-isogenic lines (NILs) are the most powerful tools for the detection and precise mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs).Results: In this study, 176 NILs were produced from the crossing and back-crossing of two rice cultivars. Specifically, Jiafuzhan, an indica rice cultivar, served as the recipient, and Hui1586, a restorer japonica cultivar, served as the donor. Using the 176 NILs, we identified a novel QTL for plant height in NIL36. First, we mapped the QTL to a 31-kb region between the markers Indel12-29 and Indel12-31. The rice genome annotation indicated the presence of three candidate genes in this region. Through gene prediction and cDNA sequencing, we confirmed that the target gene in NIL36 was Osiaa30, hereafter referred to as qPH-iaa30. Further analysis showed that qPH-iaa30 was produced by a 1-bp deletion in the first exon that resulted in the premature termination of OsIAA30. Knockout experiments showed that qPH-IAA30 was responsible for the plant height phenotype. Although qPH-IAA30 from Jiafuzhan showed a higher plant height, the plant also exhibited a longer panicle length, more spikelets and a higher yield. Taken together, our results demonstrate that qPH-IAA30 has good specific application prospects in future rice breeding.Conclusions: 176 NILs are produced from two rice cultivars, using the 176 NILs, a novel qPH-iaa30 for plant height is identified, and the qPH-IAA30 gene is responsible for the plant height phenotype.

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Respons Morfologis Beberapa Varietas Padi (Oryza sativa L.) terhadap Kekeringan pada Fase Perkecambahan (Morphological Response of Some Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivars to Water Deficit at the Seedling Stage)

JURNAL BIOS LOGOS ◽

10.35799/jbl.2.2.2012.1045 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Maria Ballo ◽

Song Ai Nio ◽

Feky R Mantiri ◽

Dingse Pandiangan

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Root Length ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Seedling Stage ◽

Seminal Root ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

Morphological Response ◽

Peg 8000

Abstrak Biji memerlukan sejumlah besar air yang harus diserap sebelum perkecambahan bisa terjadi, yaitu sekitar dua atau tiga kali dari berat keringnya. Penelitian ini menguji konsistensi respons morfologis padi terhadap kekeringan pada fase perkecambahan dengan perlakuan larutan polietilen glikol (PEG) sebagai larutan osmotikum. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan percobaan faktorial dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan PEG 8000 mencakup PEG 0, -0,25, -0,5, -0,75 dan -1,0 MPa terhadap 7 varietas padi, yaitu Beras Merah, IR 64, Burungan, Superwin, Serayu, Aries, dan Cigeulis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan respons morfologis terhadap kekeringan yang diinduksi dengan PEG 8000 pada fase perkecambahan di antara ketujuh varietas padi. Panjang akar seminal, panjang tunas, rasio panjang akar seminal : panjang tunas, persentase perkecambahan dan indeks vigor benih dapat dipakai sebagai indikator toleransi kekeringan yang potensial pada fase perkecambahan padi. Toleransi varietas Superwin terhadap kekeringan yang diinduksi dengan PEG 8000 pada fase perkecambahan lebih tinggi daripada varietas padi lainnya. Kata kunci: indikator, PEG, toleransi, kekeringan Abstract The seeds required a large amount of water, i.e. two or three times of their dry weight, to be absorbed before the germination. This study evaluated the consistency of morphological response of rice to water deficit at the seedling stage. The research was conducted as factorial experiment in Randomized Block Design. The treatments of PEG-8000-induced-water deficit were PEG 0, -0,25, -0,5, -0,75 and -1,0 MPa. Those treatments were applied to 7 rice cultivars, i.e. Beras Merah, IR 64, Burungan, Superwin, Serayu, Aries, and Cigeulis. The results showed the difference of morphological response to PEG-8000-induced-water deficit among 7 rice cultivars at the seedling stage. The seminal root length, shoot length, ratio seminal root length: shoot length, seedling percentage and seed vigor index were able to be used as potential water-deficit-tolerant indicators at the seedling stage. Cultivar Superwin was more tolerant to PEG 8000-induced- water deficit than 6 other rice cultivars. Keywords: PEG, indicator, water- deficit tolerant

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PENGARUH CAMPURAN COCOPEAT DAN ROCK PHOSPHATE TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TIGA VARIETAS PADI GOGO (Oryza sativa L.) PADA MEDIUM ULTISOL

Jurnal Solum ◽

10.25077/jsolum.15.1.17-25.2018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 17 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rahmi Yulia ◽

Nelvia Nelvia ◽

Erlida Ariani

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Plant Height ◽

Rock Phosphate ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Green House ◽

Main Plot ◽

Plot Design

The research aims to study the effect of mixture of cocopeat and rock phosphate on growth and yield of three varieties of upland rice in Ultisols medium. The research was conducted at the Green House of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau, Pekanbaru from March to August 2017. The research used Split Plot Design. The main plot were upland rice consist of three varieties (Situ Bagendit, Situ Patenggang and Inpago 8). The subplots were mixture of cocopeat 10 t ha-1 with rock phosphate (RP) doses 0, 30, 45, and 60 P2O5 kg ha-1. The parameters observed were plant height, number of maximum tillers and productive tillers, panicle length, flowering age, number of grain panicle-1, weight of dry milled grain and weight of 1000 grain. The results showed that the application of mixture of cocopeat doses 10 t ha-1 and RP doses 30 – 60 P2O5 kg ha-1 have effect to plant height, panicle length, and weight 1000 grain for Situ Bagendit, Situ Patenggang and Inpago 8 compare to without RP, but tended increase number of maximum and productive tillers and decrease flowering age. The application cocopeat doses 10 t ha-1 and RP doses 30 P2O5 kg ha-1 increased number of filled grain panicle-1 and weight of dry milled grain on three varieties, weight of dry milled grain Situ Patenggang > Inpago 8 > Situ Bagendit on each doses of RP and have number of productive tillers of these varieties 1,5 – 2 is greater than its descriptions.Keywords : rock phosphate, ultisol, upland rice

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