scholarly journals Freeze versus Spray Drying for Dry Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) Extract Formulations: The Impact of Gelatin as a Coating Material

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra A. Jovanović ◽  
Steva M. Lević ◽  
Vladimir B. Pavlovic ◽  
Smilja B. Markovic ◽  
Rada V. Pjanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Coating Agent ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Wild Thyme ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spray Dried

Freeze drying was compared with spray drying regarding feasibility to process wild thyme drug in order to obtain dry formulations at laboratory scale starting from liquid extracts produced by different extraction methods: maceration, heat-, ultrasound-, and microwave-assisted extractions. Higher powder yield (based on the dry weight prior to extraction) was achieved by freeze than spray drying and lower loss of total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) due to the drying process. Gelatin as a coating agent (5% w/w) provided better TPC recovery by 70% in case of lyophilization and higher powder yield in case of spray drying by diminishing material deposition on the wall of the drying chamber. The resulting gelatin-free and gelatin-containing powders carried polyphenols in amount ~190 and 53-75 mg gallic acid equivalents GAE/g of powder, respectively. Microwave-assisted extract formulation distinguished from others by higher content of polyphenols, proteins and sugars, higher bulk density and lower solubility. The type of the drying process affected mainly position of the gelatin-derived -OH and amide bands in FTIR spectra. Spray dried formulations compared to freeze dried expressed higher thermal stability as confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry analysis and higher diffusion coefficient; the last feature can be associated with the lower specific surface area of irregularly shaped freeze-dried particles (151-223 µm) compared to small microspheres (~8 µm) in spray-dried powder.

scholarly journals Freeze vs. Spray Drying for Dry Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) Extract Formulations: The Impact of Gelatin as a Coating Material

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3933
Author(s):  
Aleksandra A. Jovanović ◽  
Steva M. Lević ◽  
Vladimir B. Pavlović ◽  
Smilja B. Marković ◽  
Rada V. Pjanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Coating Agent ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Wild Thyme ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spray Dried

Freeze drying was compared with spray drying regarding feasibility to process wild thyme drugs in order to obtain dry formulations at laboratory scale starting from liquid extracts produced by different extraction methods: maceration and heat-, ultrasound-, and microwave-assisted extractions. Higher total powder yield (based on the dry weight prior to extraction) was achieved by freeze than spray drying and lower loss of total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) due to the drying process. Gelatin as a coating agent (5% w/w) provided better TPC recovery by 70% in case of lyophilization and higher total powder yield in case of spray drying by diminishing material deposition on the wall of the drying chamber. The resulting gelatin-free and gelatin-containing powders carried polyphenols in amount ~190 and 53–75 mg gallic acid equivalents GAE/g of powder, respectively. Microwave-assisted extract formulation was distinguished from the others by a higher content of polyphenols, proteins and sugars, higher bulk density and lower solubility. The type of the drying process mainly affected the position of the gelatin-derived -OH and amide bands in FTIR spectra. Spray-dried formulations compared to freeze-dried expressed higher thermal stability as confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry analysis and a higher diffusion coefficient; the last feature can be associated with the lower specific surface area of irregularly shaped freeze-dried particles (151–223 µm) compared to small microspheres (~8 µm) in spray-dried powder.

Optimization of Microcrystalline Cellulose PH 101, Lactose, and Kollidon® K 30 To Obtain Co-Processed Excipient Through Spray Drying

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kusuma P. ◽  
Syukri Y ◽  
Sholehuddin F. ◽  
Fazzri N. ◽  
Romdhonah . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Chemical Change ◽  
Direct Compression ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Compression Process ◽  
Infrared Spectrophotometer ◽  
Physical Mixtures ◽  
Spray Dried

The most efficient tablet processing method is direct compression. For this method, the filler-binder can be made by coprocessing via spray drying method. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of spray dried co-processing on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) PH 101, lactose and Kollidon® K 30 as well as to define the optimum proportions. Spray dried MCC PH 101, lactose, and Kollidon® K 30 were varied in 13 different mixture design proportions to obtain compact, free-flowing filler-binder co-processed excipients (CPE). Compactibility and flow properties became the key parameters to determine the optimum proportions of CPE that would be compared to their physical mixtures. The result showed that the optimum proportion of CPE had better compactibility and flow properties than the physical mixtures. The optimum CPE, consisting of only MCC PH 101 and Kollidon® K 30 without lactose, that were characterized using infrared spectrophotometer, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicated no chemical change therein. Therefore, this study showed that spray dried MCC PH 101, lactose and Kollidon® K 30 could be one of the filler-binder alternatives for direct compression process.

scholarly journals Studies on the Catalytic Properties of Crude Freeze-Dried Preparations of Yarrowia lipolytica Extracellular Lipases for Geranyl Ester Derivative Synthesis

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 839
Author(s):  
Karina Jasińska ◽  
Bartłomiej Zieniuk ◽  
Dorota Nowak ◽  
Agata Fabiszewska
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Synthetic Activity ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Ester Derivative ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Geranyl Ester

The study aimed to evaluate the impact of selected factors of the freeze-drying process on the hydrolytic and synthetic activity of the extracellular lipases of Y. lipolytica KKP 379 and to attempt the use of the crude enzyme preparation as a biocatalyst in the synthesis of geranyl 4-hydroxyphenylpropanoate. Antioxidant and antibacterial properties of the geranyl ester derivative were also investigated in order to evaluate their usefulness as a novel food additive. The studies confirmed that freeze-drying was an effective method of dehydrating yeast supernatant and allowed for obtaining lyophilizates with low water activity from 0.055 to 0.160. The type and concentration of the additive (2–6% whey protein hydrolyzate, 0.5% and 1% ammonium sulphate) had a significant effect on the hydrolytic activity of enzyme preparations, while the selected variants of drying temperature during the freeze-drying process were not significant (10 °C and 50 °C). Low yield of geranyl 4-hydroxyphenylopropionate was shown when the lyophilized supernatant was used (5.3%), but the yield of ester synthesis increased when the freeze-dried Y. lipolytica yeast biomass was applied (47.9%). The study confirmed the antioxidant properties of the synthesized ester by the DPPH• and CUPRAC methods, as well as higher antibacterial activity against tested bacteria than its precursor with 0.125 mM MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) against L. monocytogenes.

Comparison of the Thermal Transitions of Spray-Dried and Freeze-Dried Egg Whites by Differential Scanning Calorimetry

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1329-1343
Author(s):  
Jin-Hong Zhao ◽  
Li-Sha Liu ◽  
Shyam S. Sablani ◽  
Yi-Jiao Peng ◽  
Hong-Wei Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Transitions ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Spray Dried

scholarly journals Maltose-mediated long-term stabilization of freeze- and spray- dried forms of bovine and porcine hemoglobin

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (10) ◽  
pp. 1105-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Drvenica ◽  
Ana Stancic ◽  
Ana Kalusevic ◽  
Smilja Markovic ◽  
Jelena Dragisic-Maksimovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Heme Iron ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Methemoglobin Formation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Porcine Hemoglobin ◽  
Spray Dried

Slaughterhouse blood represents a valuable source of hemoglobin, which can be used in the production of heme-iron based supplements for the prevention/treatment of iron-deficiency anemia. In order to obtain a stable solid-state formulation, the effect of maltose addition (30 %) on the stability and storage of bovine and porcine hemoglobin in powders obtained by spray and freeze-drying (without maltose: Hb; with maltose: HbM) were investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry of spray- and freeze-dried powders indicated satisfying quality of the formulation prepared with maltose on dissolving back into solution. After two-year storage at room temperature (20?5?C) in solid forms, protected from moisture and light, rehydrated spray- and freeze-dried HbM were red, while Hb were brown. Dynamic light scattering showed the presence of native hemoglobin monomers in rehydrated spray- and freeze-dried HbM, but their agglomerates in Hb samples. UV?Vis spectrophotometry confirmed an absence of significant hemoglobin denaturation and methemoglobin formation in HbM freeze-dried powders. In spray-dried HbM, an increased level of methemoglobin was detected. The results confirmed the stabilizing effect of maltose, and suggested its use in the production of long-term stable solid-state formulations of hemoglobin, along with drying processes optimization.

On The Fabrication and Properties of a Ceramic Cladded Aluminium Powder Using the Spray Drying Process

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Comas ◽  
C. Mateus ◽  
B. Hansz ◽  
C. Coddet
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma Spraying ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Aluminium Powder ◽  
New Family ◽  
Spray Dried ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract A new family of spherical powders produced by the spray drying route has been developed. This paper describes as an example the manufacturing method of an Y203-coated aluminum powder. Atmospheric Plasma Spraying (APS) was used to test the corresponding coatings. Morphology and phases of powders and coatings were investigated by optical and scanning electron microscopy while the level of porosity was evaluated using image analysis. Results show that homogenous composite coatings can be obtained from cladded spray dried powders.

Preparation and characterization of dried cellulose nanofibrils

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianping Ni ◽  
Chen Gong ◽  
Zhenghua Su ◽  
Chao Tian
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Original State ◽  
Final Mass ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Spray Dried

Abstract One of the main manufacturing challenges is to obtain dried cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) so that they can be cost effectively transported to customers. This work presents a study on using two methods of drying: freeze drying and spray drying; these dried CNFs were then characterized. The dried CNFs from either freeze drying or spray drying could not recover their original state after simple re-dispersion in water. Compared to spray dried CNFs, the microstructure of the freeze dried CNFs remained in a better shape. This was because the packing of nanofibrils as a result of freeze drying was not as tight as that from spray drying. It was demonstrated by the lower final mass residue and crystallinity of the freeze-dried CNFs, which led to better re-dispersion in water. X-ray diffractometry proved the occurrence of aggregation/hornification of the dried CNFs with increased crystallinity. Time-dependent sedimentation confirmed that the dried CNFs were incapable of forming stable water-re-dispersible suspensions.

scholarly journals Effects of Vacuum Freeze-Drying and Vacuum Spray-Drying on Biochemical Properties and Functionalities of Myofibrillar Proteins from Silver Carp

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jianzhen Niu ◽  
Binfan Zhao ◽  
Xiujin Guo ◽  
Tao Yin
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Silver Carp ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Myofibrillar Proteins ◽  
Fish Protein ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Spray Dried

Fish protein powders were produced from silver carp myofibrillar proteins using vacuum freeze-drying and vacuum spray-drying. Biochemical properties and functionalities of freeze-dried and spray-dried powders were determined. The myofibrillar proteins were partially denatured under both the drying methods which were evidenced by the increase of free sulfhydryl content, surface hydrophobicity, and intrinsic fluorescence while the decrease of the Ca2+-ATPase activity and percentage of the α-helical structure. With respect to vacuum freeze-drying, the proteins were denatured to a higher degree by vacuum spray-drying. The spray-dried fish protein powder showed a higher water retention capacity and emulsifying stability index, but the same solubility and emulsifying activity index. The micrographs indicate that vacuum freeze-dried powder formed a spongy structure, while the powder under vacuum spray-drying mostly appeared spherical in shape with hollow inside. Thus, the two drying methods can be used to manufacture fish protein powders with varied molecular structures and functionalities.

scholarly journals PARTIAL AMORPHIZATION OF POORLY-SOLUBLE SIMVASTATIN USP USING MEDIA MILLING IN SYNERGISM WITH SPRAY-DRYING

2020 ◽  
pp. 114-121
Author(s):  
HARITA R. DESAI ◽  
ARCHANA B. RAJADHYAX ◽  
PURNIMA D. AMIN
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Intrinsic Dissolution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Media Milling ◽  
Rate Testing ◽  
Poorly Soluble ◽  
Spray Dried

Objective: The objective of the current study was to explore top down methods of size reduction like high speed homogenisation and media milling in synergism with spray drying in amorphization and solubility enhancement of BCS Class II antilipidemic drug Simvastatin USP. Methods: Spray-dried micronized simvastatin USP was formulated by homogenisation and media milling of drug suspension in optimized stabilizer solution. Stabilizer combination, duration of homogenisation and ball milling and drug: stabilizer ratio was optimized. The obtained dispersion was transformed into solid powder using spray drying. The obtained Spray-dried micronized Simvastatin USP was evaluated for visual morphology, Infrared spectroscopy, Differential scanning calorimetry, in vitro drug release studies, X-Ray diffractometry, Scanning electron microscopy, contact angle measurement, solubility studies, dispersibility studies and intrinsic dissolution rate testing. Results: Spray-dried micronized simvastatin USP was found to show amorphization of crystalline Simvastatin USP as confirmed by the absence of drug peak in Differential scanning calorimetry and lowered signal intensity in X-Ray diffraction studies. Spray-dried micronized Simvastatin USP was found to show enhanced drug hydrophilicity and solubility as confirmed by lowering in contact angle and increase in solubility and ease of dispersibility observations. In vitro dissolution testing and intrinsic dissolution rate testing were found to show an increase in drug release from 11% to 79% and 4 mg min-1 cm-2 to 17 mg min-1 cm-2 for drug and Spray-dried micronized Simvastatin USP respectively. Conclusion: Media milling in synergism with spray-drying was found to be a prospective solubility enhancement technique for poorly-soluble Simvastatin USP.

scholarly journals Optimization of Spray-Drying Process of Jerusalem artichoke Extract for Inulin Production

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1674
Author(s):  
Zhenzhou Zhu ◽  
Mailing Wu ◽  
Jie Cai ◽  
Shuyi Li ◽  
Krystian Marszałek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Spray Dried

Jerusalem artichoke is an important natural matrix for inulin production. In this experiment, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the spray-drying parameters in order to determine the maximal inulin yield. For this study, three independent variables (heating temperature (Tª, 110–120 °C), creep speed (V, 18–22 rpm) and pressure (P, 0.02–0.04 MPa)) were used in the experimental design. Using the Box–Behnken design, the optimal parameters obtained were: drying temperature 114.6 °C, creep speed 20.02 rpm, and pressure: 0.03 MPa. The inulin yield, water content and particle size of inulin obtained by spray-drying and freeze-drying were compared. In this regard, the spray-dried inulin consisted of a white powder having a fine particle size, and the freeze-dried inulin had a pale-yellow fluffy floc. On the other hand, the drying methods had a great influence on the appearance and internal structure of inulin powder, since the spray-dried inulin had a complete and uniform shape and size, whereas the freeze-dried inulin had a flocculated sheet structure. The analysis showed that the spray-drying led to a higher inulin yield, lower water content and better surface structure than freeze-drying.

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