scholarly journals SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF Fe2O3 NANOPARTICLES USING Averrhoa bilimbi AS BIOMATERIAL CHELATING AGENT FOR NANOFLUIDS APPLICATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arie Hardian ◽  
Alvi Aristia Ramadhiany ◽  
Dani Gustaman Syarif ◽  
Senadi Budiman
Keyword(s):  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Calcination Temperatures ◽  
Basic Fluid ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis

<p>The aim of this work was to determine the effect of calcination temperature on the characteristics of Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles (NPs) in sol-gel synthesis. The obtained Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3 </sub>NPs was then used as material for preparation of Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-water nanofluids. Nanofluids is a mixture between basic fluid like water and 1 - 100 nm solid particles (nanoparticles). Nanoparticles of Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> have been synthesized from the local mineral Jarosite using sol-gel method by using starfruit (<em>Averrhoa bilimbi</em>) extracts as the chelating agent. The calcination temperature was then varied from 500 ºC to 700 ºC for 5 hours. Based on the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, the diffraction pattern of obtained Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> was relevant with the JCPDS data No. 33-0664 for α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3 </sub>with hexagonal crystallite system. The crystallite size (Scherrer’s Equation) of obtained α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles at calcination temperatures of 500 ºC, 600 ºC and 700 ºC was 50 nm, 48 nm and 40 nm, respectively. The Surface Area of Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> NPs at temperature of 500 ºC, 600 ºC and 700 ºC was 45.45 m<sup>2</sup>/g; 26.91 m<sup>2</sup>/g and 17.51 m<sup>2</sup>/g, respectively. Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-water nanofluids was relativly stable with zeta potential of -39.60 mV; -46.37 mV and -41.57 mV, respectively for 500 ºC, 600 ºC and 700 ºC calcination temperature. The viscosity of Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-water nanofluids was higher than the viscosity of water. The critical heat flux (CHF) value of water-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanofluids was higher than the CHF water. The highest CHF value for nanofluids was obtained by using α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles with calcination temperature of 600 ºC which 34.99 % of increment compare to the base fluid (water).</p>

scholarly journals Influence of type of precursors on the sol-gel synthesis of the LaCoO3 nanoparticles

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Cornei ◽  
Simona Feraru ◽  
Ion Bulimestru ◽  
Andrei Victor Sandu ◽  
Carmen Mita
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis ◽  
Perovskite Type ◽  
Type Crystal ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Perovskite-type LaCoO3 was prepared by sol-gel method using nitrates / chlorides as precursors and citric acid as chelating agent. Chemical composition was obtained by means of EDX method. The structures of sintered samples were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), IR and XRD analysis. The results of X-ray diffraction indicated that the LaCoO3nanopowders obtained using nitrate as precursors had a rhombohedral perovskite-type crystal structure (S. G: R-3c), while that obtained using chloride as precursors had a mixture of LaCoO3, LaOCl and Co3O4. The all lanthanum cobaltites exhibit catalytic activity on the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, ascribed to their higher surface and Co3+ concentration

The effect of silver concentration and calcination temperature on structural and optical properties of ZnO:Ag nanoparticles

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 1450254 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shayani Rad ◽  
A. Kompany ◽  
A. Khorsand Zak ◽  
M. E. Abrishami
Keyword(s):  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Visible Emission ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Calcination Temperatures ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Average Size

Pure and silver added zinc oxide nanoparticles ( ZnO -NPs and ZnO : Ag -NPs) were synthesized through a modified sol–gel method. The prepared samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. In the XRD patterns, silver diffracted peaks were also observed for the samples synthesized at different calcination temperatures of 500°C, 700°C, 900°C except 1100°C, in addition to ZnO . TEM images indicated that the average size of ZnO : Ag -NPs increases with the amount of Ag concentration. The PL spectra of the samples revealed that the increase of Ag concentration results in the increase of the visible emission intensity, whereas by increasing the calcination temperature the intensity of visible emission of the samples decreases.

Sol-gel synthesis and characterization of Ag nanoparticles in ZrO2 thin films

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 2541-2546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eisuke Yokoyama ◽  
Hironobu Sakata ◽  
Moriaki Wakaki
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Silver Surface ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis

ZrO2 thin films containing silver nanoparticles were prepared using the sol-gel method with Ag to Zr molar ratios [Ag]/[Zr] = 0.11, 0.25, 0.43, 0.67, 1.00, 1.50, and 2.33. After dip coating on glass substrate, coated films were annealed at 200 and 300 °C in air. X-ray diffraction peaks corresponding to crystalline Ag were observed, but a specific peak corresponding to ZrO2 was not observed. At the molar ratio [Ag]/[Zr] = 0.25, the particle size of Ag distributed broadly centered at 17 nm for an annealing temperature of 200 °C and at 25 nm for 300 °C. The films annealed in air at 200 °C showed an absorption band centered at 450 nm because of the silver surface plasmon resonance, whereas films heated at 300 °C in air caused a red shift of the absorption to 500 nm. The absorption peak was analyzed using the effective dielectric function of Ag-ZrO2 composite films modeled with the Maxwell-Garnett expression.

Synthesis and Characterization of Strontium-Doped Lanthanum Cobaltite Cathode Material Prepared by a Modified Combined Complexing Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 701 ◽  
pp. 131-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Abdul Samat ◽  
Mohd Azlan Mohd Ishak ◽  
Hamidi Abd Hamid ◽  
Osman Nafisah
Keyword(s):  
Cathode Material ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Perovskite Phase ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Bulk Sample ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Lanthanum Cobaltite

A potential candidate for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell (IT-SOFC) cathode material which is strontium-doped lanthanum cobaltite, La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-α (LSCO) has been synthesized by a complexing method. Citric acid (CA) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) were used as a combined chelating agent and ethylene glycol (EG) was employed as surfactant. The obtained powder was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). TGA results showed the thermal decomposition of the precursor gel was completed at 700 °C. A single perovskite phase of LSCO with cubic structure was obtained at calcination temperature of 1000 °C with heating/cooling rate of 10 °C min-1 as confirmed by XRD analysis. SEM result revealed that the morphology of the powder was spherical in shape with diameter ranging from 250 to 650 nm. Apparently, the bulk sample consists of almost homogeneous and identical particles.

Sol-Gel Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Bi4Ti3O12 Powders

2014 ◽  
Vol 997 ◽  
pp. 359-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Hong Ma ◽  
Xue Lin ◽  
Liang Wang ◽  
Yong Sheng Yan
Keyword(s):  
Phase Inversion ◽  
Bismuth Titanate ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Tetrabutyl Titanate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis ◽  
Source Materials

Nanocrystalline bismuth titanate (Bi4Ti3O12; BTO) powders were successfully prepared by the sol-gel method, using bismuth nitrate (Bi(NO3)3·5H2O) and tetrabutyl titanate (Ti(OC4H9)4) as source materials, acetic anhydride and ethanediol as solvents. The thermal decomposition and phase inversion process of the gel precursors were studied by using differential thermal analysis (DTA). The crystal structures and microstructures of BTO powders were investigated by using x-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The crystallization of amorphous bismuth titanate has been discussed. The effect of sintering temperature on the structure and morphology of BTO was investigated. At 644 oC and above, BTO powder undergoes a phase transformation from tetragonal to orthorhombic. At 900 oC, the purified orthorhombic BTO nanocrystals were obtained.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Polystyrene/CuO-Fe2O3 Nanocomposites from Natural Materials as Hydrophobic Photocatalytic Coatings

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Ratnawulan Ratnawulan ◽  
Ramli Ramli ◽  
Ahmad Fauzi ◽  
Sukma Hayati AE
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Sessile Drop ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Copper Ferrite ◽  
Natural Materials ◽  
Hydrophobic Coating ◽  
Calcination Temperatures

This study reports on the synthesis, characterization of polystyrene(PS)/CuO-Fe2O3 nanocomposites, and their application as hydrophobic coatings. CuO and Fe2O3 materials were synthesized from natural materials by the milling method. Meanwhile, the PS/CuO-Fe2O3 nanocomposites were synthesized by the sol-gel method. Furthermore, the hydrophobic coating on the glass substrate was made by the spin-coating. To obtain highest value of contact angle, the composition of both CuO and Fe2O3 in nanocomposite as well as calcination temperatures were varied. Sample characterization was conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and ultraviolet visible (Uv-Vis) spectrophotometry analysis. The Sessile drop method was used to determine the contact angle of the layer. The results showed that PS/CuO-Fe2O3 nanocomposite was successfully obtained with a crystal size between 40–52 nm and grain size of 92 nm. In addition to the basic material of composites, hematite and tenorite, the presence of copper ferrite phase was also identified. The CuO-Fe2O3 composition and its large calcination temperature also plays an effective role in the magnitude of the contact angle. The highest value of contact angle obtained was 125.46° at 3:1 composition and calcination temperature of 200 °C. We found that the PS/CuO-Fe2O3 composite was hydrophobic, but the photocatalyst activity was very small at 0.24%.

Synthesis and Characterization of Li(Li0.05Ni0.6Fe0.1Mn0.25)O2 Cathode Material for Lithim Ion Batteries

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 051-056
Author(s):  
A. Nichelson ◽  
S. Thanikaikarasan ◽  
K. Karuppasamy ◽  
S. Karthickprabhu ◽  
T. Mahalingam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cathode Material ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
New Type ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir And Raman

A new type of lithium enriched cathode material Li (Li0.05Ni0.6Fe0.1Mn0.25)O2 was synthesized by sol-gel method with citric acid as a chelating agent. The structural and morphological studies were systematically investigated through X-ray diffraction, SEM with EDS, FT-IR and Raman analyses. The crystallite size of the Li (Li0.05Ni0.6Fe0.1Mn0.25)O2 cathode material was found to be 45 nm thereby leads to the feasible movement of lithium ion all through the material. FT-IR spectroscopy was used to confirm the metal-oxygen interaction in the prepared cathode material. The electrical properties of the Li (Li0.05Ni0.6Fe0.1Mn0.25)O2 cathode material were studied by impedance and dielectric spectral analyzes. Li (Li0.05Ni0.6Fe0.1Mn0.25)O2 showed a maximum ionic conductivity of 10-6 S/cm at ambient temperature.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Ni2+-doped SnO2 Powders

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trinh Thi Loan ◽  
Nguyen Ngoc Long
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Near Band Edge ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Violet Emission ◽  
Dopant Content ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Undoped Sno2

The SnO2:Ni2+ powders with dopant contents ranging from 0.0 to 12 mol% have been synthesized by sol-gel method. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) Raman spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) and photoluminescense (PL) spectra. XRD analysis showed that samples doped with low Ni- concentrations exhibited single SnO2 crystalline phase, whereas the samples with high Ni- concentrations exhibited a mixture of SnO2 and NiO phases. The lattice parameters of the SnO2 host were independent on Ni2+ dopant content, while Raman mode positions were dependenton Ni2+ dopant content. The PL spectrum of the undoped SnO2 was characterized by the emission peaks due to near band edge (NBE) emission and the violet emission peaks associated with surface dangling bonds or oxygen vacancies and Sn interstitials.

SOL-GEL SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF COPPER STABILIZED ZIRCONIA NANOPARTICLES

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 2823-2839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. VAHIDSHAD ◽  
H. ABDIZADEH ◽  
H. R. BAHARVANDI ◽  
M. AKBARI BASERI
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Aging Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis

A sol-gel method is investigated to synthesize CuO – ZrO 2 nanoparticles as catalyst for hydrogen production from methanol. Finer precursor nanoparticles give rise to larger specific areas in catalyst which result in a high hydrogen production. The effects of some critical process parameters on the sol-gel synthesis of CuO – ZrO 2 nanoparticles are studied. These parameters are affected on synthesis of CuO – ZrO 2 when it is prepared with sol-gel method. Particle size and distribution are considered as the results. The parameters including the effect of calcination temperature, aging temperature, nature and concentration of catalyst (acidic or basic conditions), H 2 O /precursor molar ratio, and chelating agent that have been identified as most important, are focused. It is found that the calcination temperature strongly influenced the morphology and interaction between the active species and support, and hence the structure and catalytic performance. Nature and concentration of catalyst ( pH value), chelating agent, ( H 2 O /precursor) molar ratio and also aging temperature have influence on the nanoparticles. Thus, by controlling these factors, it is possible to vary the morphology and properties of the sol-gel-derived inorganic network over wide ranges. Morphology, particle size and distribution, phase evaluation, structure, and chemical analysis of the products are investigated by SEM, TEM, DTA/TG, XRD and EDX respectively.

scholarly journals Sol-Gel Synthesis and Characterization of Cubic Bismuth Zinc Niobium Oxide Nanopowders

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganchimeg Perenlei ◽  
Peter C. Talbot ◽  
Wayde N. Martens
Keyword(s):  
Niobium Oxide ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Atomic Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Metal Acetate ◽  
Chemical Homogeneity ◽  
Liquid Suspension ◽  
Crystallite Sizes ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis

Bismuth zinc niobium oxide (BZN) was successfully synthesized by a diol-based sol-gel reaction utilizing metal acetate and alkoxide precursors. Thermal analysis of a liquid suspension of precursors suggests that the majority of organic precursors decompose at temperatures up to 150°C, and organic free powders form above 350°C. The experimental results indicate that a homogeneous gel is obtained at about 200°C and then converts to a mixture of intermediate oxides at 350–400°C. Finally, single-phased BZN powders are obtained between 500 and 900°C. The degree of chemical homogeneity as determined by X-ray diffraction and EDS mapping is consistent throughout the samples. Elemental analysis indicates that the atomic ratio of metals closely matches a Bi1.5ZnNb1.5O7composition. Crystallite sizes of the BZN powders calculated from the Scherrer equation are about 33–98 nm for the samples prepared at 500–700°C, respectively. The particle and crystallite sizes increase with increased sintering temperature. The estimated band gap of the BZN nanopowders from optical analysis is about 2.60–2.75 eV at 500-600°C. The observed phase formations and measured results in this study were compared with those of previous reports.

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