Perbaikan Nilai Nutrisi Jerami Padi Melalui Suplementasi Tepung Daun Lamtoro pada Sapi Peranakan Ongole Jantan

Since rice straw is seasonal and low quality roughage, a supplementation for it is needed. Lamtoro leave meal (LLM), having both soluble and by-pass protein so, its enough potential to supply nutrients for optimize of rumen microbes and improving animal performance. When fed to animals with high portion of roughage can affect methane production highly, an adding reduction methane agent for it is needed, like ketepeng leave meal (KLM) and lemuru fish oil (LFO). Supplementation with LLM significantly increased dry matter and crude fiber intake (p<0.05). This fact showed that LLM supplementation optimized rumen fermentation by microbes. Comparison between LLM-KLM and LLM-LFO to basal diet clearly showed that basal diet is the lowest (p<0.01) performance (0.19 vs 0.21; 0.23kg/h/d), however, the animal fed basal diet degraded crude fiber was significant (p<0.05) higher (74.49 vs 69.02; 65.17%). It is apparent from this experiment that supllementation with lamtoro leave meal by adding both ketepeng leave meal and lemuru fish oil as a reduction methane agent are palatable, fermentable and reasonably digestible. It is recommended to use rice straw as a supplement. Key words : Lamtoro, digestibility, performance, PO beef cattle, ketepeng and lemuru fish oil

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Efek Perbedaan Komposisi Konsentrat terhadap Perbaikan Nilai Nutrisi Jerami Padi

Sains Peternakan ◽

10.20961/sainspet.v7i2.1052 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 60

Author(s):

Susi Dwi Widyawati

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Beef Cattle ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Crude Fiber ◽

Fiber Intake ◽

Rumen Microbes

Since rice straw is seasonal and low quality roughage, thus, a supplementation for it is needed. Lamtoro leaf meal (LLM) and soybean meal (SBM), have both soluble and bypass protein, so it enough potential to supply nutrients to optimize of rumen microbes and improve animal performance. Supplementation with LLM or SBM significantly increased dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and crude fiber intake (P<0.05). This fact showed that LLM or SBM supplementation made an improvement of rumen fermentation by microbes. Comparison between LLM and SBM to basal diet clearly showed that basal diet was the lowest (P<0.05) nutrient intake and nutrient digestibility, however, the animal fed basal diet degraded crude fiber was not affected. It has been shown that supplementation with lamtoro leaf meal or soybean meal were palatable, fermentable and reasonably digestible. Therefore, the use of these feedstuffs as supplement to rice straw are strongly recommended. Key words : concentrate, PO beef cattle, performance, digestibility

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Efek Perbedaan Komposisi Konsentrat terhadap Perbaikan Nilai Nutrisi Jerami Padi

Sains Peternakan ◽

10.20961/sainspet.7.2.60-65 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 60

Author(s):

Susi Dwi Widyawati

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Beef Cattle ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Crude Fiber ◽

Fiber Intake ◽

Rumen Microbes

Since rice straw is seasonal and low quality roughage, thus, a supplementation for it is needed. Lamtoro leaf meal (LLM) and soybean meal (SBM), have both soluble and bypass protein, so it enough potential to supply nutrients to optimize of rumen microbes and improve animal performance. Supplementation with LLM or SBM significantly increased dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and crude fiber intake (P<0.05). This fact showed that LLM or SBM supplementation made an improvement of rumen fermentation by microbes. Comparison between LLM and SBM to basal diet clearly showed that basal diet was the lowest (P<0.05) nutrient intake and nutrient digestibility, however, the animal fed basal diet degraded crude fiber was not affected. It has been shown that supplementation with lamtoro leaf meal or soybean meal were palatable, fermentable and reasonably digestible. Therefore, the use of these feedstuffs as supplement to rice straw are strongly recommended. Key words : concentrate, PO beef cattle, performance, digestibility

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Fermentation by Eco Enzyme on Nutritional Content of Rice Straw, Corn Straw, and Oil Palm Fronds

Jurnal Peternakan Integratif ◽

10.32734/jpi.v8i3.5872 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 212-221

Author(s):

Ervinta Ervinta ◽

Hasnudi ◽

R. Edhy Mirwandhono ◽

N Ginting ◽

B Simanullang

Keyword(s):

Rice Straw ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Crude Fiber ◽

Good Effect ◽

Nutritional Content ◽

Corn Straw ◽

Oil Palm Fronds ◽

Palm Fronds

Novelty statement: This study reveals that fermented agricultural and plantation waste by using different doses of eco enzyme turned out to have a good effect on the quality of the waste. The procedures and parameters standardised in this research can be used for production of ruminant feed. Abstract: The low nutrient content of agricultural waste is an obstacle to use as feed. The addition of eco enzyme as biological activators can help the fermentation process. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of three doses of eco enzyme as a starter fermentation of rice straw, corn straw, and palm fronds on changes in the nutritional content of 21 days fermentation. This study used a completely randomized design method with two factorial (three treatments and three replications). Factor D: Doses (D1 = 1%; D2 = 3%; D3 = 5%) and factor L: Forage (L1 = rice straw; L2 = corn straw; L3 = oil palm fronds). The parameters studied were moisture content (MC), dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF). The results of this research showed that addition of eco enzyme dose of 5% on L1, 3% on L2 and 3% L3 can increased water content and crude protein, and reduce levels of dry matter and crude fiber of forage compared without fermentation.

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SUPPLEMENTARY COPPER FOR GRAZING BEEF CATTLE — INJECTABLE COPPER GLYCINATE, AND COPPER SULFATE IN FREE-CHOICE MINERAL SUPPLEMENTS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas84-076 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 64 (3) ◽

pp. 675-696 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

R. J. BOILA ◽

T. J. DEVLIN ◽

R. A. DRYSDALE ◽

L. E. LILLIE

Keyword(s):

Beef Cattle ◽

Blood Serum ◽

Key Words ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Free Choice ◽

Total Sulfur ◽

Absorption Coefficients ◽

Mineral Supplement ◽

Mineral Supplements ◽

Grazing Cattle

Eight herds of beef cattle from Northwestern Manitoba were selected for Cu supplementation trials during the 1974 and 1976 grazing season (four herds in each season). Supplementary Cu was provided as injectable Cu glycinate or as CuSO4 in a free-choice mineral supplement. The treatments were a combination of: (1) one dose of injectable Cu at the start of the pasture season; (2) two doses of injectable Cu, at an interval of approximately 90 days, with the first dose as in (1); (3) CuSO4 added to mineral supplements to provide 0.25 or 0.50% Cu; and (4) injectable Cu, one or two doses during the pasture season, plus 0.25% Cu as CuSO4 in the mineral supplement. Within each herd a cow and her calf were treated as a cow-calf unit. The concentration of Cu in blood serum was used as an indicator of the Cu status of cattle. Forage samples were analyzed for Cu, Mo and total sulfur, and absorption coefficients for Cu and available Cu were calculated. One dose of injectable Cu at the start of the pasture season, or the inclusion of 0.25% Cu as CuSO4 in the mineral supplement, was effective as a Cu supplement where dietary Mo and total S were less than 3 mg/kg and 3 g/kg dry matter, respectively. When Mo and total S concentrations were higher than 3 mg/kg and 3 g/kg dry matter, respectively, doses of injectable Cu provided at a 90-day interval or a Cu concentration greater than 0.25% in the mineral supplement were effective. More than 0.50% Cu, as CuSO4, was required where Mo and total S in forages were in excess of 10 mg/kg and 3 g/kg dry matter, respectively. Inclusion of CuSO4 in the mineral supplement was adequate as a supplement for cows, but the calves did not appear to consume adequate mineral. Injectable Cu was equally effective for cows and calves. An inadequate transfer of Cu via milk was indicated when a cow, but not its calf was provided with injectable Cu. The beneficial influence upon serum Cu of injectable Cu as opposed to Cu in the mineral supplement, depended upon whether the Cu requirement of the cow or its calf was to be met. The level of supplementation to prevent a drop in serum Cu over the pasture season depended upon the concentrations of dietary Mo and S, and their effect upon the coefficient of absorption for Cu. Key words: Supplementary Cu, grazing cattle, injectable Cu glycinate, dietary CuSO4, free-choice mineral supplements

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Intake, digestibility, methane and heat production in bison, wapiti and white-tailed deer

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/a97-089 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 78 (4) ◽

pp. 681-691 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

J. K. Galbraith ◽

G. W. Mathison ◽

R.J. Hudson ◽

T. A. McAllister ◽

K.-J. Cheng

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Heat Production ◽

Methane Production ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Methane Emissions ◽

Factorial Experiment ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Energy Requirements

A 3 × 2 factorial experiment was conducted in which the digestibility of alfalfa pellets and methane and heat productions were measured in bison, wapiti and white-tailed deer in February/March 1995 and in April/May 1995. Voluntary dry matter intake (DMI) while animals were individually fed averaged 70, 87 and 68 g kg−0.75 d−1, respectively (P = 0.05), and was generally higher in April/May than in February/March. Corresponding organic digestibilities were 52.9, 54.1 and 49.1% (P = 0.10). There was also a trend (P < 0.1) for fiber digestibilities to be lowest for deer. Methane production (L kg−1 DMI), was 30.1, 23.5, and 15.0 L kg−1 for bison, wapiti and deer, respectively (P = 0.01), with more (P < 0.01) methane being produced in February/March than in April/May (28 vs. 18 L kg−1 DMI). No differences in heat production (kJ kg−0.75) or estimated energy requirements for maintenance could be detected between species, although animals numerically produced 40% more heat (881 vs. 632 kJ kg−0.75, P = 0.13) in April/May when feed intakes were higher than in February/March. It was concluded that DMI of native ungulates is higher in spring than winter and that methane emissions per unit feed consumed were the highest with bison and the least with white-tailed deer. Key words: Bison, deer, wapiti, digestibility, methane, calorimetry

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STUDIES ON THE FEEDING VALUE OF Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. HAY FOR BEEF CATTLE

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas89-086 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 69 (3) ◽

pp. 735-743 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

R. D. H. COHEN ◽

A. D. IWAASA ◽

M. E. MANN ◽

E. COXWORTH ◽

J. A. KERNAN

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Beef Cattle ◽

Key Words ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nitrogen Retention ◽

Bromus Inermis ◽

Beef Steers ◽

Kochia Scoparia ◽

Feeding Value ◽

Medicago Sativa L

Intake, digestibility, nitrogen retention and the effects of 2.6% soluble oxalates in the dry matter (DM) of kochia (Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.) were examined when beef steers were fed rations varying from 100 to 0% kochia hay and 100 - 0% bromegrass (Bromus inermis Lyess.)/alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) hay. Plasma Ca, P, Mg, Zn, Fe and Cu concentrations were normal and not affected by supplementation with CaCO3. The organic matter digestibility (OMD) of kochia (55.4%) was less (P < 0.05) than that of the bromegrass/alfalfa hay (61.3%). However, in a second trial, OMD was not influenced if kochia was included at up to 60% of the ration. In a third trial, DM intake remained constant until 60% kochia was present in the ration but was reduced (P < 0.01), even with careful adaptation, when kochia exceeded 60% of the diet. Nitrogen retention declined (P < 0.05) as the proportion of kochia in the ration increased and was negligible at 100% kochia. Key words: Kochia, digestibility, intake, nitrogen retention, plasma minerals, cattle (beef)

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AGRONOMIC AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. AND ITS VALUE AS A SILAGE CROP FOR GROWING BEEF CATTLE

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas89-043 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 69 (2) ◽

pp. 383-391 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. E. GRIMSON ◽

R. P. STILBORN ◽

R. J. VOLEK ◽

P. K. GUMMESON ◽

G. E. RIEMER

Keyword(s):

Beef Cattle ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Initial Weight ◽

Kochia Scoparia ◽

Acid Detergent Fiber ◽

Soil Measurements ◽

Weather Damage ◽

Daily Gain

Kochia (Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.) was grown on land irrigated with packinghouse wastewater and ensiled in a plastic silo bag. Kochia dry matter (DM) yield and acid-detergent fiber (ADF), Na, Mg, Mn, and Cu contents (DM basis) were correlated with some soil measurements. Alfalfa silage was replaced with kochia silage in a basal diet at levels of one-half (35% of diet DM) or all (70% of diet DM) of the roughage. The diets were fed to 120 calves (initial weight 294 kg) for 70 d in a completely randomized experiment with three treatments (kochia, kochia and alfalfa, and alfalfa) and four pen replicates. Inclusion of either 35 or 70% kochia silage in the diet DM depressed (P < 0.01) DM intake (DMI) by 23.3 and 50.1%, respectively, compared with calves fed the basal diet. Average daily gain (ADG) and final bodyweight of the calves fed kochia silage were both less (P < 0.01) than those fed the basal diet. DM conversion to liveweight gain ratios (DM: G) were 13.91, 8.42, and 7.15 when the diets contained (DM basis) 70, 35, or 0% kochia silage, respectively. Over the 42-d period following the trial, the calves that had received kochia silage tended (P = 0.078) to gain faster than those that had been fed the basal diet. The reduction in DMI observed when kochia silage was fed appeared to be the result of advanced maturity and weather damage of the kochia and not due to apparent toxic effects. Key words: Kochia, silage, beef cattle, soil salinity

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Evaluation of Dry Matter Intake and Average Daily Gain of Beef Cattle in Samarinda City

Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University ◽

10.35741/issn.0258-2724.56.1.15 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hamdi Mayulu ◽

Endra Ari Topan ◽

Muh. Ichsan Haris ◽

Taufan Purwokusumaning Daru

Keyword(s):

Beef Cattle ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Feed Resources ◽

Intake Level ◽

Rice Area ◽

Daily Gain

The objective of this research was to determine the potential uses of dry matter in the average daily gain of beef cattle and rice straw carrying capacity as a feed alternative. The research used an analytical survey approach, and the location was chosen via purposive sampling. Data collection consisted of conducting interviews and observations based on a questionnaire; then, the collected data were tabulated and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between dry matter intake level and average daily gain; simple linear regression analysis was used to measure the effect of dry matter intake level on average daily gain. The results revealed that the average daily gain of beef cattle in North Samarinda, Palaran, Sambutan, and Samarinda Ulu (Indonesia) was 0.44 kg, 0.45 kg, 0.45 kg, and 0.45 kg, respectively. The analysis results of dry matter intake level on average daily gain obtained via the regression equation (Y) were as follows: Ỷ = 0.013 + 0.945X. This indicates that every intake of 0.945 kg of dry matter would yield an average daily gain increase of 0.013 kg. Effective utilization of available abundant feed resources (rice straw) is the key to economic maintenance of cattle; however, it tends to have low nutrition and low digestibility, so it is not given as a single feed because it cannot meet beef cattle’s dietary needs. This research found that rice straw production (each hectare of rice area) was able to supply alternative feed for beef cattle of 2.7 animal units per year.

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The Use of Various Substrate Microbial Bamboo Stems for Rice Straw Fermentation and its effect on digestibility and fermentation product of Beef Cattle Ration

Jurnal READ (Research of Empowerment and Development) ◽

10.20884/1.read.2020.1.1.2386 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 7

Author(s):

Chabib B.H ◽

Sri Rahayu ◽

Muhamad Bata

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Beef Cattle ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Rice Bran ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Rumen Fluid ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Organic Matter Digestibility

This experiment investigated various substrate growth of bamboo stems microbes (BSM) in rice straw fermentation and its effect on dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), NH3-N and VFA concentration. Materials were rumen fluid of beef cattle from the slaughterhouse. Basal diets consisted of rice straw and concentrate with ratio of 40 : 60 (% dry matter) were administered to five treatments namely P0 = untreated rice straw (control), P1 = Ammoniated rice straw, fermented rice straw using microbial bamboo stems grown on ammoniated rice straw (P2), rice bran (P3) and cassava waste (P4). The experiment used in vitro method was designed with Completely Randomized Design and the data were analyzed variance. The results showed that the treatment had no significant effect on dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), NH3-N and VFA concentration (P>0,05). The fermentation process of microbial bamboo stems in rice straw with a level of 10% with different substrate did not able to increase the digestibility and products fermentation, but there tends that the rice bran and substrates can increase DMD and N-NH3 concentration

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