scholarly journals SEKTOR PERTANIAN DALAM DINAMIKA TRANSFORMASI STRUKTURAL DI INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Axellina Muara Setyanti
Keyword(s):  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Economic Base ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Service Sectors

<p><em>Indonesia is a country that has relied on the agricultural sector as an economic base for decades. On the other hand, the more developed an economy is, the higher the reserves in the service sector. Despite this declining GDP, agriculture is still very important to the Indonesian economy, even though it is 14 percent of GDP. This study analyzes structural transformation through shift-share analysis. It looks at the tendency of labor to enter the agricultural, manufacturing and service sectors using probit regression on Sakernas microdata. This study found that the service sector continues to grow and outperforms the agricultural sector both in terms of added value and employment. The results of the shift-share show shrinkage in the productivity of agricultural sector while the manufacturing and service sectors are growing. This fact proves a change in economic structure. The characteristics of the agricultural sector labor force have a higher tendency for male workers, live in rural areas, are relatively older and have fewer family members, are less educated, do not have training certification, and have no previous work experience.</em></p><p class="MsoNormal"><em><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">service sector, agricultural sector, manufacturing sector, probit, structural transformation</span></em></p>

scholarly journals Does the Declining Share of Agricultural Output in GDP Indicate Structural Transformation? The Case of Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5(J)) ◽  
pp. 54-68
Author(s):  
Adisu Abebaw Degu ◽  
Admassu Tesso Huluka
Keyword(s):  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Demographic Transition ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Agricultural Output ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Relative Decline

It is not uncommon that different government officials and practitioners infer the fallingagricultural share in GDP to the underpinning of structural transformation in an economy. By using variousstudies result and a time series of data spanning from 1981 up to 2017, this paper investigated, whetherthe declining share of agricultural output in GDP is indicating structural transformation or not in Ethiopianeconomy. The study showed that the service is the fastest-growing sector in Ethiopia, and it covers morethan 40% of GDP. The share of agriculture sector was 45% of GDP until 2011, while the industry sector hasbeen stagnating. Thus, it shows how the falling share of the agriculture sector in GDP is being supersededby the service sector. Empirical works also reveal that even though the share of the agricultural sector inGDP is falling, it is the primary source for the overall economic growth of Ethiopia. The share of the ruralpopulation has decreased from 89 percent in 1981 to 80% in the year 2017. So the vast population of thecountry is living in rural areas where agricultural-based activities are common. Lack of labor shift from theagricultural sector to the industrial sector can also be attributed to the insufficient expansion of themodern industrial sector to absorb the growing force labor. Furth more, the demographic transition alsoshowed a relative decline. Since structural transformation involves several interrelated processes, thedeclining share of agriculture output to GDP alone cannot explain the prevalence of structural change; theother processes like; industrialization, urbanization, and demographic transition need to be scrutinized

Economic Structural Transformation in Emerging Market Countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 097491012110046
Author(s):  
Kunling Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Trade Structure ◽  
Emerging Market Countries

This article analyzes the structural transformation in 30 emerging market countries (E30) on the dimensions of industry, trade, and urbanization. It finds that first, in the agricultural sector, E30 have contributed greatly to the increase of the global agricultural productivity and the transfer of labor force from the agricultural sector to industry or the service sector. However, these countries still feature a high percentage of agricultural employment, which means there is vast room for shifting the agricultural labor force. Second, in the industrial sector, E30 have made remarkable contributions to the world’s industrial development but have also displayed a trend of premature “deindustrialization.” Third, the service sector has picked up speed and gradually turned into a new driver of economic development in E30. Against this backdrop, E30 face the major challenge of how to cope with the premature deindustrialization and smoothly shift the economic growth engine from the industrial sector to the service sector. Fourth, E30 have become an important force in the world trade, with their trade structure switching from simple, primary, low-value-added goods to sophisticated, high-grade, and high-value-added goods and services. However, some emerging market countries are more susceptible to the impacts of the anti-globalization trend because of their high reliance on foreign trade and improper trade structure. Therefore, how to diversify the economy and enhance its economic resilience holds the key to the sustainable economic development of E30. Fifth, E30 have contributed greatly to world urbanization. As urbanization relies more on the service sector than on the industrial sector, it is vital to properly strike a balance between industrialization and urbanization, and between industrialization and service sector development.

scholarly journals Sectoral Analysis of Employment Intensity of Growth in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasaki Dauda ◽  
Omowumi Ajeigbe
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Sectoral Analysis ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Agriculture Industry ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Employment Generation ◽  
World Development

This study assessed employment intensity of growth (EIG) in the agriculture, industry and service sectors in Nigeria from 1991 to 2019 within the context of Okun’s theory/law. Data from the 2020 World Development Indicators were employed for analysis, using elasticity procedure after decomposing the scope into different periods and regimes. The findings showed negative EIG in the agriculture and industrial sectors while the service sector returned positive EIG. Therefore, government should invest significantly in the service sector while the agricultural sector should be mechanized to boost output and supply of raw materials to industries to enhance employment generation.

Performance and Determinants of India’s GDP Since 1950: A Quantitative Analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-131
Author(s):  
Alok Kumar Pandey ◽  
Annapurna Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
Export Sector ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Government ◽  
Structural Adjustment Programmes ◽  
Sector Service

he planned economic development during the 40 years period (1950-91) has showed a mixed scenario. For example per annum growth in GDP during first fifteen years 1950-65 was found at 4 percent while during the period 1967-80 it declined marginally and stood at merely 3.45 percent per annum. However the decade of eighties which witnessed improvement in Agricultural sector, Mining & Manufacturing sector, Service sector and Export sector has resulted in 5.46 per cent per annum growth in the GDP. In this connection it is significant to observe that the overall growth in GDP during the period 1950 to 1991 was not very impressive due to constant pulls and pressures. In the early 1991, Indian economy faced several economic crises, like fiscal imbalances, mounting inflationary pressures and severe balance of payment crisis etc. The congress government, which assumed office at the end of June 1991, responded quickly to these problems. As a rescue measure, a series of new policy measures were announced in July 1991 by the government of India. These are also known as Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs) of 1991.The major thrust of present paper is to evaluate the performance (for the period 1950 to 2006) as well as determinants (for the period 1975 to 2006) of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Indian economy.

scholarly journals TRANSFORMASI STRUKTURAL: FAKTOR-FAKTOR DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP DISPARITAS PENDAPATAN DI MADURA

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-44
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saedy Romli ◽  
Manuntun Parulian Hutagaol ◽  
Dominicus Savio Priyarsono
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Income Disparity ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Industry Sector ◽  
Per Capita

Structural transformation is responsible for income disparity as transformation of economical structure is not supported by structural transformation of labor. This unbalanced transformation divides labour into two groups, unskilled and skilled labour. Increased income disparity is a consequence of different opportunity and intensive. This study investigated factors that account for structural transformation and its impact on disparity of income distribution in Madura using regression model of panel data. The results showed that population and income per capita significantly influenced structural transformation in Madura. Both factors significantly changed added value in agriculture and industry sector, meanwhile population was a single factor that significantly influenced service sector. Agriculture was a share sector that was effective in lowering income disparity. However, share sector of industry and service was observed to increase income disparity.

scholarly journals The Evolutionary Trend of Global Inequality: Analyzing the Impacts of Economic Structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Ma ◽  
Victor Jing Li ◽  
Tsun Se Cheong ◽  
Delin Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Evolutionary Trend ◽  
The South ◽  
Global Inequality ◽  
The North ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
Service Sectors

The aim of this study is to examine the evolution of inequality by focusing on the impacts of the economic structure. The technique of decomposition by income sources is employed to evaluate the contribution of the three major sectors, namely the agricultural, industrial, and service sectors to overall inequality. The data cover almost all the countries in the world from 2001 to 2017 for a total of 18 years. There are four stages of analysis in this study. The first stage of study is to provide an overall view of the evolutionary trend of global inequality, the second stage focuses on the North-South divide, the third stage determines the impacts of income groups, and the fourth stage investigates the impacts for each region. There are several salient findings: First, global inequality had declined in the study period. Second, the service sector is identified as the largest contributor to global inequality, followed by the industrial sector, while the contribution of the agricultural sector is negligible. For the North-South divide, disparity in the service sector was more marked in the North than in the South. The industrial sector played a major role in the South and contributed more than 40% to overall inequality. For the comparison amongst the income groups, our findings show that the higher the income, the higher the percentage contribution of the service sector (except for the low-income group). Finally, for the comparison across regions, although the contribution of the agricultural sector in most regions are below 1.5%; however, the contribution of the agricultural sector in both Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia is more than 8%. It implies that a lot of people in these regions still rely on the agricultural sector for a living, and the development in the industrial and service sectors in these two regions lagged behind those of the other regions. Our analysis show that the evolution pattern is very different for each region, therefore, it is necessary to take the effects of income and geographical location into consideration in formulating development policies.

scholarly journals Sektor Unggulan dan Keterkaitan Spasial Ekonomi Antar Kabupaten/Kota di Jawa Tengah

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-250
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tsaaqibul Fikri ◽  
Fafurida Fafurida
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Correlation ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Competitiveness Index

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi sektor apa saja yang menjadi unggulan kabupaten/kota di Jawa Tengah dan bagaimana keterkaitan spasialnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat analisis LQ, Shift-Share dan Tipologi Klassen untuk mengetahui sektor dengan keunggulan komparatif dan kompetitif. Indeks Moran dan LISA untuk mengetahui keterkaitan spasial antar daerah secara global dan lokal. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan  sektor unggulan yang mayoritas dimiliki kabupaten/kota di Jawa Tengah adalah sektor jasa-jasa, sektor pertanian serta sektor pertambangan dan penggalian. Adapun hasil dari analisis keterkaitan spasial kabupaten/kota di Jawa Tengah terdapat keterkaitan spasial yang signifikan dan bernilai high-high (hot-spot) pada sektor pertanian di kawasan Kabupaten Banjarnegara, Kabupaten Wonosobo dan Kabupaten Blora, sektor pertambangan dan penggalian di kawasan Kabupaten Blora, sektor industri pengolahan di kawasan Kabupaten Jepara dan sektor jasa­jasa di kawasan Kabupaten Magelang. Sehingga keterkaitan tersebut dapat menjadi dasar untuk membentuk kerjasama antar kabupaten/kota agar pembangunan dapat dilakukan lebih merata. The purpose of this study was to determine what sectors of the superior districts/cities in Central Java and how the spatial correlation patterns did. This research was conducted using LQ, Shift-Share and Typology Klassen to determine sectors with comparative advantages and competitiveness, Index Moran and LISA to determine the spatial correlation between the districts/cities. The results of this study indicated that the majority of the superior sectors of the districts/cities in Central Java are in sector services, the agricultural sector and in mining and excavating sector. The results of the analysis of the spatial correlation patterns  in districts/cities in Central Java are significant spatial correlation pattrens and valuable high-high (hot-spot) in the agricultural sector in  Banjarnegara, Wonosobo and Blora area, mining and excavatinf sector in Blora area, the manufacturing sector in the region  of Jepara district and service sector in Magelang regency area. So that the association can be the basis to establish cooperation between districts / cities that development can be made more equitable.

scholarly journals Need of Financial Sustainability in the Service Sector Msmes of India

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4S) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
The Government

The United Nations is taking an active part in the promotion and implementation of a sustainable approach in our surrounding environment, with the help of its 17 sustainable development goals (S.D. Gs). This paper touches upon the 8th and 9 th Goals which propose Decent work, Economic growth, Industry, Innovation and sustainable Infrastructure. Researchers propose that these goals are very crucial in the development of our economy. The industrial sector of the country is the backbone of its economy and in India the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (M.S.M. Es) are the soul of its exponential growth. Keeping in mind the Importance of the M.S.M. Es and their growing potential, the government has taken various initiatives in the form of schemes and policies, to promote and sustain these small businesses. Service sector contributes to more than 54.40% to Gross added value (G.V.A.) whereas the manufacturing sector contributes significantly less than the services sector. Despite of this fact researchers have found out that the Government is more inclined towards M.S.M.E’s in manufacturing sector and have opened a greater number of schemes and opportunities for them than the M.S.M.E’s in the service sector. Today, 54.6 billion total M.S.M. Es are registered in India, 33% are of the service sector. Review and comparison of the statistics and contributions of the M.S.M. Es in both these sectors presents a clear picture regarding the extensive contribution of the service M.S.M. Es and hence has outlined the need of differentiation. The research presents a factual analysis, of the need of more action plans especially the ones aiming at making the service M.S.M. Es financially strong and sustainable. They have a great potential of expansion, growth and can help create many new employment opportunities. Therefore, this paper is an attempt to highlight their contributions and emphasize how making these thriving M.S.M. Es, stand on their own feet is the need of the hour. Researchers believe that government schemes and action plans are one of the best and efficient mediums to achieve the SDGs and contribute towards sustainable development.

scholarly journals Structural Transformation of Agriculture and Poverty in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Fitria Ardiansyah ◽  
Herman Cahyo Diartho ◽  
Endah Kurnia Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Development Strategy

The trend of modern development in some countries is the decline in the contribution of the agricultural sector to GDP (gross domestic product), as a consequence of the increased contribution of the non-agricultural sector. So the development strategy that is often applied is to increase the role of the modern sector (industry and services) that have a high level of productivity. The agricultural sector, which has low productivity, often escapes the development strategy, even though the agricultural sector is a place to make a living for some poor people who are in rural areas. This study aims to analyze the effect of economic structural transformation on poverty in Indonesia. The type of data used in this study is quantitative data, in the form of time series data between 1980-2017 obtained from World Bank publications, the World Income Inequality Database, and the Central Statistics Agency. Analysis of the data used is to use VECM estimation to see the short-term relationship and the long-term relationship of each variable. The estimation results of the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) concluded that in the long run, the agricultural sector has a negative and significant relationship to poverty, while the industrial and service sectors do not have a significant effect on poverty in Indonesia. Per capita income has a positive relationship with poverty in Indonesia. Based on the explanation, it concludes that the policy that must be implemented to overcome the problem of poverty is to develop the agricultural sector.

scholarly journals THE ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC POTENTIAL IN NORTH SUMATERA PROVINCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ahmad Habibi Harahap ◽  
Eko Wahyu Nugrahadi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
The North

Economic growth of North Sumatera Province is not quite on the top of optimum. If the compared by some of others province in Indonesia and by  all of his potention, the North Sumatera Province only on the 10th rank of economic growth in Indonesia in 2009-2013 period. The purpose of this study is toanalyze the economic sectors which are the basis in each district/city in North Sumatera province and to determine the structure of economic growth in the district /city both sectoral and aggregate the province of North Sumatera. Structural transformation to some extent will have an impact on overall economic growth. Analysis tools used in this study is Location Quetiont (LQ), Growth Ratio Model (MRP), overlay analysis, and shift share analysis. Results of this study showed that the agriculture sector is a sector which is the basis in nearly 13 districts/cities in North Sumatera Province. But the growth in agriculture, processing industries, mining and quarrying, and the electricity, gas & water supply sector likely slowed, otherwise all tertiary sectors which include: trade, hotels, and restaurants; transportation and communication, finance, leasing, and services company, and the services sector is likely to experience growth positive. Transportation and communication is a sector with the highest growth occurring in North Sumatera Province. Shift Share Analysis results showed that in the Province of North Sumatera is going structural transformation characterized by decreasing the role of the agricultural sector, and the increasing role of the service sector. This condition as well as contrary to the Kuznets theory which states that the process of structural transformation contribution marked by shifting agriculture to manufacturing and then to services sector.

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