scholarly journals PERKAWINAN SIRI DALAM REFORMULASI HUKUM PERKAWINAN ISLAM DI INDONESIA SEBAGAI UPAYA PREVENTIF TERHADAP DISHARMONI SOSIAL DALAM MASYARAKAT (PERSPEKTIF GENDER DAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeni Lutfiyah ◽  
Agus Rianto ◽  
M. Rasyid Ridlo

<div class="WordSection1"><p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>This research investigates the reality of marriage laws in Indonesia, especially related to nikah siri or unregistered marriage.The study used a gender perspective and human rights, in particular the rules contained in the Act No. 1 of 1974 and the Compilation of Islamic Law. It is based on the assumption that the number of rules indicates gender bias and poor protective of humanity   and justicevalues. Even so this study will measure the chances of the Preliminary Draft of Material Law of Islamic Court/Rancangan Undang-Undang Hukum Materiil Peradilan Agama (RUUHMPA) as a model of reformulation Indonesian marriage law to accommodate and be a legal solution for the types of gender inequality and human rights, especially with regard to the prevention of lameness and imbalance values  of justice and humanity. This type of research is classified in the normative legal research for reviewing the articles of a rule of positive law by using normative methodological approach, which analyzes the legal formulations and alignment between the article and is mainly used to analyze the validity of the conceptual formulation of the law before the benchmarks used assessment gender and human rights in the realm of social science studies. This study concluded that in the articles of the Act.No. 1 1974 and Compilation of Islamic Law there are still many weaknesses, especially with regard to gender issues and human rights, which include the impact on the rampant cases of unregistered marriage or nikah siri which is one form of harassment against the institution of marriage, it is also due to the lack of provision of criminal sanctions in this legislation. While the Draft of Material Islamic Courts (RUU HMPA) is a model that is offered and expected as breaking the deadlock the relationship between religion and culture. In particular to provide protection for women and children are quite vulnerable to acts of discrimination. Nevertheless the draft still needs to be examined and refined to be more able to give justice to every citizen of Indonesia.</em></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong><em>Reformulation, Marriage, Gender, Human Rights.</em></p><p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Penelitian ini berusaha melihat realitas peraturan tentang perkawinan di Indonesia   terutama yang berkaitan dengan perkawinan siri atau perkawinan bawah tangan.Kajian ini menggunakan perspektif gender dan Hak Asasi Manusia, khususnya peraturan yang terdapat dalam Undang-Undang No. 1 Tahun 1974 dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam. Hal ini didasarkan pada asumsi banyaknya peraturan yang bias gender dan kurang melindungi nilai kemanusiaan dan keadilan. Demikan juga penelitian ini akan mengukur peluang Rancangan Undang-Undang Hukum Materiil Pengadilan Agama (RUU HMPA) sebagai model reformulasi hukum perkawinan Indonesia dalam mengakomodir dan menjadi solusi hukum atas bentuk- bentuk ketidak setaraan gender dan  Hak Asasi Manusia terutama berkaitan dengan pencegahan dari ketimpangan nilai-nilai keadilan dan kemanusiaan.Jenis Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian hukum normatif karena mengkaji pasal-pasal sebuah aturan hukum positif dengan menggunakan pendekatan normatif metodologis, yaitu menganalisis rumusan-rumusan hukum dan keselarasan antarpasal dan terutama digunakan untuk menganalisis validitas konseptual rumusan hukum tersebut di hadapan tolok ukur yang digunakan kajian gender dan HAM yang masuk dalam ranah kajian ilmu sosial. Dari penelitian inidisimpulkan bahwa di dalam pasal-pasal UU. No. 1 tahun 1974 dan Kompilasi hukum Islam masih terdapat banyak kelemahan terutama yang berkaitan dengan isu Gender dan HAM, yang diantaranya berdampak pada maraknya kasus perkawinan siri atau perkawinan bawah tangan yang merupakan salah satu bentuk pelecehan terhadap lembaga perkawinan, hal ini juga dikarenakan belum adanya ketentuan sanksi pidanadalam perundang-undangan ini.Sedangkan Rancangan Undang-Undang Hukum Materii Peradilan Agama (RUU HMPA) merupakan model yang ditawarkan dan diharapkan sebagai pemecah kebuntuan hubungan antara agama dan kebudayaan.Khususnya untuk memberikan perlindungan bagi perempuan dan anak yang cukup rentan terhadap tindak diskriminasi.Meski demikian Rancangan Undang- Undang ini masih perlu dicermati dan di sempurnakan supaya lebih dapat memenuhi rasa keadilan bagi setiap warga negara Indonesia.</p></div><p><strong>Kata Kunci: </strong>Reformulasi, Perkawinan, Gender, Hak Asasi Manusia.</p>

2015 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeni Lutfiyah , ◽  
Agus Rianto , ◽  
Rasyid Ridlo ,

<div class="Section1"><h4>Abstract</h4> <p><strong><em> </em></strong></p> <p><em>This research investigates the reality of marriage laws in Indonesia, especially related to nikah siri or unregistered marriage.The study used a gender perspective and human rights, in particular the rules contained in the Act No. 1 of 1974 and the Compilation of Islamic Law. It is based on the assumption that the number of rules indicates gender bias and poor protective of humanity and justicevalues. Even so this study will measure the chances of the Preliminary Draft of Material Law of Islamic Court/Rancangan Undang-Undang Hukum Materiil Peradilan Agama (RUUHMPA) as a model of reformulation Indonesian marriage law to accommodate and be a legal solution for the types of gender inequality and human rights, especially with regard to the prevention of lameness and imbalance values of justice and humanity. This type of research is classified in the normative legal research for reviewing the articles of a rule of positive law by using normative methodological approach, which analyzes the legal formulations and alignment between the article and is mainly used to analyze the validity of the conceptual formulation of the law before the benchmarks used assessment gender and human rights in the realm of social science studies. This study concluded that in the articles of the Act.No. 1 1974 and Compilation of Islamic Law there are still many weaknesses, especially with regard to gender issues and human rights, which include the impact on the rampant cases of unregistered marriage or nikah siri which is one form of harassment against the institution of marriage, it is also due to the lack of provision of criminal sanctions in this legislation. While the Draft of Material Islamic Courts (RUU HMPA) is a model that is offered and expected as breaking the deadlock the relationship between religion and culture. In particular to provide protection for women and children are quite vulnerable to acts of discrimination. Nevertheless the draft still needs to be examined and refined to be more able to give justice to every citizen of Indonesia.</em><em> </em></p> <p><strong>Keywords: </strong><em>Reformulation, Marriage, Gender, Human Rights.</em><em> </em></p> <p><em> </em></p> <h3>Abstrak</h3> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p>Penelitian ini berusaha melihat realitas peraturan tentang perkawinan di Indonesia terutama yang berkaitan dengan perkawinan siri atau perkawinan bawah tangan.Kajian ini menggunakan perspektif gender dan Hak Asasi Manusia, khususnya peraturan yang terdapat dalam Undang-Undang No. 1 Tahun 1974 dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam. Hal ini didasarkan pada asumsi banyaknya peraturan yang bias gender dan kurang melindungi nilai kemanusiaan dan keadilan. Demikan juga penelitian ini akan mengukur peluang Rancangan Undang-Undang Hukum Materiil Pengadilan Agama (RUU HMPA) sebagai model reformulasi hukum perkawinan Indonesia dalam mengakomodir dan menjadi solusi hukum atas bentuk- bentuk ketidak setaraan gender dan Hak Asasi Manusia terutama berkaitan dengan pencegahan dari ketimpangan nilai-nilai keadilan dan kemanusiaan.Jenis Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian hukum normatif karena mengkaji pasal-pasal sebuah aturan hukum positif dengan menggunakan pendekatan normatif metodologis, yaitu menganalisis rumusan-rumusan hukum dan keselarasan antarpasal dan terutama digunakan untuk menganalisis validitas konseptual rumusan hukum tersebut di hadapan tolok ukur yang digunakan kajian gender dan HAM yang masuk dalam ranah kajian ilmu sosial. Dari penelitian inidisimpulkan bahwa di dalam pasal-pasal UU. No. 1 tahun 1974 dan Kompilasi hukum Islam masih terdapat banyak kelemahan terutama yang berkaitan dengan isu Gender dan HAM, yang diantaranya berdampak pada maraknya kasus perkawinan siri atau perkawinan bawah tangan yang merupakan salah satu bentuk pelecehan terhadap lembaga perkawinan, hal ini juga dikarenakan belum adanya ketentuan sanksi pidanadalam perundang-undangan ini.Sedangkan Rancangan Undang-Undang Hukum Materii Peradilan Agama (RUU HMPA) merupakan model yang ditawarkan dan diharapkan sebagai pemecah kebuntuan hubungan antara agama dan kebudayaan.Khususnya untuk memberikan perlindungan bagi perempuan dan anak yang cukup rentan terhadap tindak diskriminasi.Meski demikian Rancangan Undang- Undang ini masih perlu dicermati dan di sempurnakan supaya lebih dapat memenuhi rasa keadilan bagi setiap warga negara Indonesia.</p></div><p><strong>Kata Kunci: </strong>Reformulasi, Perkawinan, Gender, Hak Asasi Manusia.</p>


Author(s):  
Wolfrum Rüdiger

This chapter examines the influence of international law and Islamic law on the constitutions of Islamic states. It discusses the historical development of the relationship between Islamic law and international law; reference to human rights and international law in the constitutions of Islamic states (Africa, Middle East, and Asia); and the impact of the Sharīʻah on the ratification of international human rights treaties.


This paper is basically concerned with the status of Women and Children relating to the violation of human rights and its impact. This paper mostly dwells on certain examples of violation of human rights relating to torture, sexual harassment, trafficking and sexual exploitation, rape, and murder or even the violation of domestic workers’ rights emphasizing on the human rights situation in a democratic and a developing country like Bangladesh. In this study, in addition to this, an attempt has been made to unveil the relationship between Human Rights and Police Administration. Most importantly, there is a further attempt to uphold the facts of human rights violations especially concerning the status of women and children mentioning and studying certain sensational cases too. Finally, in this paper, the researcher has endeavored to bring out the actual situation and impact of such violations analyzing and reviewing critically the status of women and children as well as the indigenous community i.e., the rights of indigenous women and children in Bangladesh too and certain facts in different perspectives in connection with the activities of the law enforcers i.e., the police where these agencies are always on action having the responsibilities to protect and ensure the human rights of the citizens in a democratic and developing country like Bangladesh.


2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-72
Author(s):  
Morteza Karimi-Nia

The status of tafsīr and Qur'anic studies in the Islamic Republic of Iran has changed significantly during recent decades. The essay provides an overview of the state of Qur'anic studies in Iran today, aiming to examine the extent of the impact of studies by Western scholars on Iranian academic circles during the last three decades and the relationship between them. As in most Islamic countries, the major bulk of academic activity in Iran in this field used to be undertaken by the traditional ʿulamāʾ; however, since the beginning of the twentieth century and the establishment of universities and other academic institutions in the Islamic world, there has been increasing diversity and development. After the Islamic Revolution, many gradual changes in the structure and approach of centres of religious learning and universities have occurred. Contemporary advancements in modern sciences and communications technologies have gradually brought the institutions engaged in the study of human sciences to confront the new context. As a result, the traditional Shīʿī centres of learning, which until 50 years ago devoted themselves exclusively to the study of Islamic law and jurisprudence, today pay attention to the teaching of foreign languages, Qur'anic sciences and exegesis, including Western studies about the Qur'an, to a certain extent, and recognise the importance of almost all of the human sciences of the West.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Dody Nur Andriyan

Regional Regulation (Perda) which regulates public issues such as prostitution, alcoholic beverages, gambling, and the relationship between men and women turns out to be identified as a Regional Regulation with nuances of Islamic law. in Banyumas Regency there is a Regional Regulation which if used by the identification of Arfiansyah above, it can be referred to as a Regional Regulation with nuances of Islamic law. The regulation is: Banyumas District Regulation Number 15 of 2014 concerning Control, Supervision and Control of Circulation of Alcoholic Beverages and Regional Regulations of Banyumas Regency Number 16 of 2015 concerning Community Disease Management. This research has two formulations of the first problem related to the results of the content of the analysis on the Perda that are nuanced by Islamic law in Banyumas Regency. Both of the results of the analysis content on the Regional Regulations that are nuanced by Islamic law in Banyumas Regency are not contrary to Law-Invitation Number 12 of 2011? This research is a qualitative-descriptive study. The research method used is normative juridical. The main source of data is the Banyumas District Regulation Number 15 of 2014 concerning Control, Supervision and Control of Circulation of Alcoholic Beverages and Regional Regulations of Banyumas Regency Number 16 of 2015 concerning Community Disease Management. Interviews were also conducted with resource persons. Furthermore, the results of the analysis were carried out. Regional Regulation No. 15 of 2014 is actually a Regional Regulation that has a broad purpose of public interest, for the nation and state. So that the claim that Perda No 15 of 2014 as a Regional Regulation with nuances of Islamic law is not true. Regional Regulation No. 16 of 2015 is actually a Regional Regulation that has a broad purpose of public interest, for the nation and state. So that the claim that Perda No 16 of 2015 as a Regional Regulation with nuances of Islamic law is not true. Both of these Perda (Perda No 15 of 2014 and Perda No. 16 of 2015) are not in conflict with Law No. 12 of 2011 concerning the Establishment of Legislation. Both in terms of content, principles, goals, arrangements, administrative sanctions and criminal sanctions. Formally and procedurally the two Perda are in accordance with Law Number 12 of 2011


2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-96
Author(s):  
Ronagh JA McQuigg

The European Convention on Human Rights Act 2003 has now been in force in Ireland for ten years. This article analyses the Act itself and the impact which it has had on the Irish courts during the first decade of its operation. The use of the European Convention on Human Rights in the Irish courts prior to the enactment of the legislation is discussed, as are the reasons for the passing of the Act. The relationship between the Act and the Irish Constitution is examined, as is the jurisprudence of the Irish courts towards the interpretative obligation found in section 2(1), and the duty placed upon organs of the State by section 3(1). The article ends with a number of observations regarding the impact which the Act has had on the Irish courts at a more general level. Comparisons will be drawn with the uk’s Human Rights Act 1998 throughout the discussion.


2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Fakhrurrazi M.Yunus ◽  
Zahratul Aini

Abstrak: Dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2006 tentang Administrasi Kependudukan adanya Pasal yang mengatur tentang perkawinan beda agama, dalam Pasal 35 huruf (a) yang menyatakan bahwa perkawinan yang ditetapkan oleh pengadilan. Namun dalam Undang-Undang tersebut tidak diatur secara jelas, sehingga memberi peluang timbulnya dampak negatif. Namun yang diakui di Indonesia jika pasangan suami istri yang berbeda agama harus memeluk agama yang sama di salah satu pasangan dengan maksud mereka harus pindah agama baik memeluk agama istri maupun suami. Dengan adanya berbagai kemudharatan yang timbul, maka hal itu tidak sesuai dengan hukum Islam. Oleh karena itu, penulis ingin mengetahui dampak perkawinan beda agama yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2006 tentang administrasi  kependudukan dan tinjuan hukum Islam terhadap perkawinan beda agama dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 23 tahun 2006. Dalam penelitian ini, metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Kualitatif. Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian, dampak dari perkawinan beda agama yaitu dampak terhadap rumah tangga yang tidak harmonis menimbulkan kegelisahan, dan sulitnya berkomunikasi. Dampak terhadap anak yang membuat hubungan antara keluarga yaitu anak dan orang tua menjadi kacau dan tidak utuh karena mengetahui kedua orang tuanya berbeda keyakinan. Dampak terhadap harta warisan yang mengakibatkan anak yang lahir dari perkawinan beda agama tidak mempunyai hak untuk mendapatkan harta warisan apabila tidak seagama dengan pewaris yang dalam hal ini pewaris beragama Islam. Adapun tinjauan hukum Islam menyatakan bahwa perkawinan beda agama itu tidak sah, karena menurut fatwa MUI Nomor:4/MUNASVII/MUI/8/2005 menetapkan bahwa nikah beda agama hukumnya haram yang diperkuat dengan firmannya dalam surat al-mumtahanah ayat 10 dan al-baqarah ayat 221.Abstract: in Law No. 23 of 2006 on the administration of the population of the article governing the marriage of different religions, in article 35 letter (a) stating that the marriage is established by the court. But the law is not regulated, so it allows causing negative impacts. But it is recognized in Indonesia if different couples of religion must embrace the same religion in one partner with the intention they have to move religion both embrace the religion of the wife and husband. With the various blessings that arise, it is not under Islamic law. Therefore, the author wants to know the impact of the marriage of different religions organized in law Number 23 the year 2006 about the administration of population and the Islamic law to the marriage of different religions in the law Number 23 the year 2006. In this study, the research method used was qualitative. Based on the results of the study, the impact of the marriage of different religions is the impact on the unharmonious households raises anxiety, and difficulty communicating. The impact on the child who makes the relationship between the family is the child and the parent becomes chaotic and not intact because knowing both parents are different beliefs. The impact on the inheritance that resulted in children born from the marriage of different religions does not have the right to obtain inheritance if not as religious as the heir, in this case, Muslim heirs. The review of Islamic law states that the marriage of different religions is not valid, because according to fatwa MUI number: 4/MUNASVII/MUI/8/2005 stipulates that the marriage of different religious religion is haram strengthened by his word in Sura al-Mumtahanah verse 10 and al-Baqarah verses 221.


2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-376
Author(s):  
Syarul Azman Shaharuddin ◽  
Muhammad Yusuf Marlon ◽  
Mariam Abd Majid ◽  
Abur Hamdi Usman ◽  
Fakhri Sungit ◽  
...  

Purpose and problem of the study: This study to identify the level of impact of zakat distribution and the level of religious practice among the mualaf (convert) in Selangor. The aim is also to analyse the relationship between the level of impact of zakat distribution and the level of religious practice of mualaf in Selangor. The problem of the study is issues which related to the granting of zakat rights to Muslims and its impact on strengthening the faith of these groups and their appreciation of Islamic teachings. Methodology: This study applies quantitative methodology which involves 454 Muslim converts as respondents and they were randomly selected to get the data of this study. Main Findings: The descriptive analysis findings demonstrate that the level of impact of zakat distribution and the level of religious practice of mualaf in Selangor is at high level, where each has a mean value (4.20 and 4.63). The result of the Pearson correlation analysis proves that there is a significant relationship between the impact of the distribution (r = 0.643, p < 0.01) and religious practice (r = 0.677, p < 0.01).       Applications of this study: This study involves respondents from the mualaf group in Selangor. Selangor has chosen to be the area of study as the total number of muallaf registered in this state is greater than those in other states in Malaysia. Novelty/Originality of this study: The implementation of zakat distribution based on the principals and concepts dictated by Islamic law will give a great impact to the group of mualaf (convert). 


Author(s):  
Barry S. Levy

Social injustice creates conditions that adversely affect the health of individuals and communities. It denies individuals and groups equal opportunity to have their basic human needs met. It violates fundamental human rights. It represents a lack of fairness or equity. This chapter provides two broad definitions of social injustice. It gives examples of social injustice, both within the United States and internationally. It describes adverse health effects related to social injustice. And it outlines ways in which health professionals and others can work to minimize social injustice and its adverse health consequences. Text boxes describe concepts of social justice, as well as the relationship between science and social justice. The Appendix to the chapter contains the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.


2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-240
Author(s):  
Rolando Gonzales ◽  
Andrea Rojas-Hosse

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of inflationary shocks on inequality, using data of selected countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Design/methodology/approach Inflationary shocks were measured as deviations from core inflation, based on a genetic algorithm. Bayesian quantile regression was used to estimate the impact of inflationary shocks in different levels of inequality. Findings The results showed that inflationary shocks substantially affect countries with higher levels of inequality, thus suggesting that the detrimental impact of inflation is exacerbated by the high division of classes in a country. Originality/value The study contributes to the literature about the relationship between inflation and inequality by proposing that not only the sustained increase in prices but also the inflationary shocks – the deviations from core inflation – contribute to the generation of inequality. Also, to the best of the authors knowledge, the relationship between inflation shocks and inequality in the MENA region has never been analyzed before, thus creating a research gap to provide additional empirical evidence about the sources of inequality. Additionally, the authors contribute with a methodological approach to measure inflationary shocks, based on a semelparous genetic algorithm.


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