scholarly journals FRENCH ENGINEER SABATHE LOUIS GASTON AND HIS ROLE IN CREATION OF DUAL COMBUSTION CYCLE

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
E.V. Bilousov ◽  
P. Billier
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Working Process ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Scientific System ◽  
Made In

Almost immediately after Rudolph Diesel created his "rational" engine, attempts were made to improve it. Since at the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth century, the theory of internal combustion engines had not yet been formed as a unified scientific system, there were no unified approaches to assessing the innovations proposed by individual engineers and scientists either. In this regard, disputes and litigations periodically arose related to the recognition of priority for a specific design or the proposed principle of work for a specific author. First of all, this was due to the possibility of obtaining material benefits from the introduction of a patented innovation into production. It should be noted that profit-related litigation and information campaigns were not always objective, and the development of progress at the turn of the century were so rapid that the same ideas entered the heads of several independent inventors at once, but the same discoveries were made in different parts of the world by different scientists. By the beginning of the twentieth century, the accumulated experience, as well as theoretical and experimental studies have shown that it was possible to significantly improve the nature of the flow of the working process of piston engines by replacing the isochoric or isobaric heat supply in the process of fuel combustion with a combined one with heat supply, first at a constant volume (by isochore), and then at constant pressure (isobar). Three scientists - Gustav Trinkler, Myron Zaliger and Louis Gaston Sabathe claimed priority in the development of such a cycle. Each of them came to this decision in different ways, and each made his own contribution both to the formation of the theory of working processes of piston engines, and to the formation of engine building in general. It is to this contribution made by the French engineer Louis Gaston Sabathe that this article is devoted.

scholarly journals Development of a methodology for calculating the working process of a small-size two-stroke internal combustion engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
V. V. Biryuk ◽  
A. A. Gorshkalev ◽  
M. O. Zakharov ◽  
V. L. Larin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Working Process ◽  
Power Characteristics

On the basis of the available theoretical calculations, methods for calculating the working process and power characteristics of internal combustion engines and the experimental studies carried out, a method for calculating the working process for small-sized two-stroke internal combustion engines was developed and tested. In the course of this work, the following results were obtained: the parameters of the working process and power characteristics of a small two-stroke internal combustion engine; the parameters obtained by calculation during the study of the Evolution 20GX2 engine were compared with the results of an experimental study. According to the results of the comparison, deviations in the values of the parameters of the engine under study from the results of the experimental study at the maximum power and maximum speed modes were identified.

DIESEL ENGINE OPERATION IN USE OF FUEL WITH ADDITIVES

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Petar Kazakov ◽  
Atanas Iliev ◽  
Emil Marinov
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Positive Effects

Over the decades, more attention has been paid to emissions from the means of transport and the use of different fuels and combustion fuels for the operation of internal combustion engines than on fuel consumption. This, in turn, enables research into products that are said to reduce fuel consumption. The report summarizes four studies of fuel-related innovation products. The studies covered by this report are conducted with diesel fuel and usually contain diesel fuel and three additives for it. Manufacturers of additives are based on already existing studies showing a 10-30% reduction in fuel consumption. Comparative experimental studies related to the use of commercially available diesel fuel with and without the use of additives have been performed in laboratory conditions. The studies were carried out on a stationary diesel engine СМД-17КН equipped with brake КИ1368В. Repeated results were recorded, but they did not confirm the significant positive effect of additives on specific fuel consumption. In some cases, the factors affecting errors in this type of research on the effectiveness of fuel additives for commercial purposes are considered. The reasons for the positive effects of such use of additives in certain engine operating modes are also clarified.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF MUFFLER S DESIGN FOR REDUCTION OF THE LEVEL OF SOUND PRESSURE ON SMALL TRACTORS OPERATORS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Podolsky ◽  
◽  
I. Y. Lilevman ◽  
O. Y. Lilevman ◽  
O. Y. Kedrovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Sound Waves ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Noise Absorption ◽  
Made In

Noise background, as an important factor in the working conditions of agricultural operators, has a direct impact on human health and productivity. This topic is especially relevant for small tractors, which in most cases are not equipped with cabs. One of the main means of reducing the sound pressure on the operator are the mufflers of exhaust gases, which mainly have a labyrinth-absorbing type of action. The paper proposes a fundamental approach to the design of the muffler by the criterion of reflection and scattering of sound waves with the verification of efficiency by computer simulation. The purpose of research: - to improve the working conditions of operators of small tractors that are not equipped with cabs, by reducing the sound pressure level from internal combustion engines; - to improve the noise-absorbing properties of mufflers of exhaust gases of engines with observance of requirements to manufacturability of process of their manufacturing; - to develop a structural scheme of the exhaust gases muffler based on the results of preliminary modeling and analysis of the trajectory of the gas flow in the cavity of its working part. Methods. Determination of the sound pressure level of the engine of a small tractor by mathematical (computer) modeling of the behavior of the exhaust gas flow in the muffler cavity in different frequency ranges. Results. The article analyzes the main sources of noise during the operation of agricultural machinery with internal combustion engines (ICE). On the basis of literature sources and methods, their separate degree of influence on the complex picture of noise pollution of the working space of the operator of a small tractor is established. A comparative analysis of the efficiency of mufflers, created on the generally accepted principles and approaches to the design of such devices. According to the results of previous tests, shortcomings and limitations in the application of design concepts were identified, an additional analysis of external causes and factors was made, and adjustments were made to the method of creating muffler designs. An alternative design approach to the creation of internal combustion engine mufflers of small tractors is proposed and computer modeling of the processes of sound pressure distribution and sound waves in their cavity is performed. Conclusions. 1. A layout diagram of the design of the exhaust muffler, containing a resonator chamber and a shell module, which is made in the form of a three-stage ribbed diffuser of oscillations of the exhaust flow pulses with an additional surface layer of the vibration absorber. The parameters of the exhaust flow of exhaust gases of a typical diesel engine of a small tractor with a capacity of 24 hp are calculated. (pressure - 11652 Pa, acceleration – 90-105 m / s2, frequency - 1950-3300 Hz), which performed computer simulations of the process of gas movement in the muffler cavity of the proposed layout. Optimal design parameters were selected to ensure the maximum possible noise absorption with a body diameter of 150 mm and a length of 600 mm. The calculated sound pressure when working at the crankshaft speed (1700-2000) rpm does not exceed 72 dB. At the same time, the design of the muffler is made in compliance with the requirements for economic feasibility, manufacturability and in accordance with the capabilities of industrial production. A further direction of research is the manufacture of an experimental sample of the muffler and testing for the efficiency of its noise absorption in the conditions of operation of small tractors.

scholarly journals The use of thermography in the diagnosis of ship piston internal combustion engines

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 01027
Author(s):  
Jan Monieta
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Fault State ◽  
Floating Objects

The intensity of infrared radiation emitted by objects depends mainly on their temperature. One of the diagnostic signals may be the temperature field. In infrared thermography, this quantity is used as an indicator of the technical condition of marine objects. The article presents an overview of the use of infrared thermography for the diagnosis mainly of marine piston floating objects and various types of reciprocating internal combustion engines as well as examples of own research results. A general introduction to infrared thermography and common procedures for temperature measurement and non-destructive testing are presented. Experimental research was carried out both in laboratory conditions and in the operating conditions of sea-going vessels. Experimental studies consisted of the presentation of photographs of the same objects made in visible light and the use of infrared thermography. The same objects were also compared, but for different cylinders of the tested internal combustion engines as well as for the up state and fault state. The characteristics of the temperature values at selected points were taken depending on the engine load along with the approximation mathematical models of these dependencies.

Science in Relation to Regulating and Promoting Civil Aviation

1929 ◽  
Vol 33 (228) ◽  
pp. 1139-1166
Keyword(s):  
Similar Condition ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mechanical Devices ◽  
Physical Laws ◽  
Made In

During the past quarter of a century great strides have been made in perfecting the science of aviation. Too much credit cannot be given to the men who have laboured untiringly in the laboratories in an endeavour to determine with mathematical certainty the physical laws that govern the mechanical devices which mankind is using in his conquest of the air.Science has done more for civil aviation, however, than unravel the mysteries of aerodynamics and internal combustion engines. It has provided many important aids to air navigation, such as improved lighting facilities for airways and airports, wireless as a means of communication between ground and aeroplane, and also as a beacon to guide the pilot on his course, and numerous instruments which now adorn the cockpit of every aeroplane.While at times the development of air transport may suffer because of lack of co–ordination between the laboratory and the factory, it will suffer far more should a similar condition exist between the scientists and those charged with the duty of regulating and promoting civil aviation.

Experimental Studies on the Performance of C.I Engine with Fish Oil Methyl Ester as Fuel for Various Blends of Diesel and LPG

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 687-691
Author(s):  
Tarigonda Hari Prasad ◽  
R. Meenakshi Reddy ◽  
P. Mallikarjuna Rao
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Inlet Manifold

Fossil fuels are exhausting quickly because of incremental utilization rate due to increase population and essential comforts on par with civilization. In this connection, the conventional fuels especially petrol and diesel for internal combustion engines, are getting exhausted at an alarming rate. In order to plan for survival of technology in future it is necessary to plan for alternate fuels. Further, these fossil fuels cause serious environmental problems as they release toxic gases into the atmosphere at high temperatures and concentrations. The predicted global energy consumption is increasing at faster rate. In view of this and many other related issues, these fuels will have to be replaced completely or partially by less harmful alternative, eco-friendly and renewable source fuels for the internal combustion engines. Hence, throughout the world, lot of research work is in progress pertaining to suitability and feasibility of alternative fuels. Biodiesel is one of the promising sources of energy to mitigate both the serious problems of the society viz., depletion of fossil fuels and environmental pollution. In the present work, experiments are carried out on a Single cylinder diesel engine which is commonly used in agricultural sector. Experiments are conducted by fuelling the diesel engine with bio-diesel with LPG through inlet manifold. The engine is properly modified to operate under dual fuel operation using LPG through inlet manifold as fuel along FME as ignition source. The brake thermal efficiency of FME with LPG (2LPM) blend is increased at an average of 5% when compared to the pure diesel fuel. HC emissions of FME with LPG (2LPM) blend are reduced by about at an average of 21% when compared to the pure diesel fuel. CO emissions of FME with LPG (2LPM) blends are reduced at an average of 33.6% when compared to the pure diesel fuel. NOx emissions of FME with LPG (2LPM) blend are reduced at an average of 4.4% when compared to the pure diesel fuel. Smoke opacity of FME with LPG (2LPM) blend is reduced at an average of 10% when compared to the pure diesel fuel.

scholarly journals Prospects for using hydrogen additive for internal combustion engines running on the Diesel cycle

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
A. A. Kondratiuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Diesel Cycle ◽  
Hydrogen Additive

The paper presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of the environmental characteristics of internal combustion engines of commercial and municipal vehicles operating on the Diesel cycle using a hydrogen additive. The analysis of literature sources has confirmed that there are different data regarding harmful emissions when using hydrogen additives for internal combustion engines running on the Diesel cycle. Therewith, data on harmful emissions of nitrogen oxides NOx differ significantly. The results of theoretical and experimental studies of the environmental characteristics of internal combustion engines of commercial and municipal vehicles operating on a Diesel cycle using a hydrogen additive, allow to assert the adequacy of the model, since the error between the theoretical and experimental data did not exceed 14,5 %. It has been found out that the concentration of NOx emissions in an internal combustion engine using a hydrogen additive, working on a Diesel cycle, has decreased by 52 %.The research results confirm the prospects of using a hydrogen additive, which is done for the first time for internal combustion engines running on the Diesel cycle in commercial and municipal vehicles. This guarantees increased environmental safety in urban agglomerations.

A comprehensive overview of hydrogen engine design features

2007 ◽  
Vol 221 (8) ◽  
pp. 911-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Verhelst ◽  
S Verstraeten ◽  
R Sierens
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Engine Design

Realizing decreased CO2 emissions from the transport sector will be possible in the near future when substituting (part of) the currently used hydrocarbon-fuelled internal combustion engines (ICEs) with hydrogen-fuelled ICEs. Hydrogen-fuelled ICEs have advanced to such a stage that, from the engine point of view, there are no major obstacles to doing this. The present paper indicates the advantages of hydrogen as a fuel for spark ignition (SI) internal combustion engines. It also shows how the hydrogen engine has matured. An extensive overview is given of the literature on experimental studies of abnormal combustion phenomena, mixture formation techniques, and load control strategies for hydrogen-fuelled engines. The Transport Technology research group of the Department of Flow, Heat and Combustion Mechanics at Ghent University has been working on the development and optimization of hydrogen engines for 15 years. An overview of the most important experimental results is presented with special focus on the most recent findings. The article concludes with a list of engine design features of dedicated hydrogen SI engines.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document