scholarly journals THE LEGITIMACY OF PREPARING A FINANCIAL IMPACT FORECAST OF ADOPTING LOCAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN IN POLAND

space&FORM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (48) ◽  
pp. 149-170
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Czekiel-Świtalska ◽  
◽  
Alicja Świtalska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Development ◽  
Development Plan ◽  
Financial Impact ◽  
Legal Obligation ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Limited Degree ◽  
The Impact

Since 2003 in Poland, it has been obligatory to prepare forecasts of the financial impact of adopting local spatial development plans. Whether or not the forecasts are put to actual use and what their content and presentation form should feature, in addition to what role should the forecast play and who should be able to make use of it? This study presents the results of a series of interviews and a survey performed among a group of municipal officials. Legal documents and the literature were analysed as well. Studies have shown that financial impact forecasts are used by municipal governments only to a limited degree. Many have expressed doubts as to the feasibility of preparing and using these forecasts. Specifically, most municipal governments do not make use of these forecasts and they are prepared only because it is their legal obligation to include them as a document added to the local spatial development plan. Due to the significance of the impact of the financial implications of adopting a local spatial development plan on a municipality's budget, it is necessary to change the approach to preparing and presenting financial forecasts.

scholarly journals The financial impact of urbanization costs in Poland at municipality level – the case of Wrocław city

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Maria Heldak ◽  
Katarzyna Przybyla
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Development Plan ◽  
Financial Impact ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization ◽  
The Cost

The study discusses the problem of financial impact on Wrocław Municipality exerted by the costs of implementing decisions resulting from the selected local spatial development plans. Currently in Poland, at the stage of local spatial development plan establishment, a forecast of financial consequences is prepared. The expected own revenues and the costs of financial impact exerted on the municipal budget are presented in this document. The study facilitates making decisions about the final version of the local development plan. Taking into account the planned spatial development in the area of Wrocław city, the urbanization costs exerting financial impact on the municipal budget were identified. The study analyses only the cost of implementing investments within the scope of the municipality own tasks, including the cost of constructing municipal roads, sanitary sewerage system, water supply system, public greenery facilities and land purchase for public investments. The analyses covered two selected areas of the city, located in its different parts. These are largely uninvested areas, predominantly constituting agricultural land, and such land development requires the construction of technical and social infrastructure facilities. The anticipated costs of implementing local development plans in force in various parts of Wrocław indicate significant expenses to be covered by Wrocław Municipality in order to build sewage systems and municipal roads. Taking up new development sites is also correlated with taking over the real properties by Wrocław city, on which the implementation of public goals is planned.

scholarly journals The Impact Of Changing Determinations Of A Local Spatial Development Plan On The Cadastral Value Of Real Estate

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Karolina Szmatloch
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Development Plan ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Intended Use ◽  
Real Estates

Abstract This paper concerns changes of the cadastral value of real estate connected with changes in the land use determinations of the local spatial development plan in a given area over the analyzed period of time. The research has revealed a variable course of the determinations of adopted local plans over the years, which would indicate the need to re-appraise the cadastral value of real estates, as well as recharge the tax ad valorem. To demonstrate the effects of the identified changes in spatial development plans in accordance with the assumptions of mass appraisal, the cadastral value of sample real estates located in the area of research was determined. The real estates were covered by a change of intended use resulting from adopting the Local Spatial Development Plan for the City of Krakow. The conducted research confirmed a significant change in the cadastral value of real estates subjected to evaluation. In addition, the characteristics of the knowledge base on real estates on the local market of the City of Krakow have been researched, and the valid legal acts regarding the connection of information contained in the local spatial development plan with the method of determining the cadastral value of a real estate have been analyzed.

scholarly journals Analysis of Results of Spatial Development Plans for Management of Rock Raw Material Deposits

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urszula Kazmierczak
Keyword(s):  
Land Development ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Development Plan ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Spatial Policy ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Analysis Of Results ◽  
Working Out ◽  
Area Development

Abstract This publication describes a mechanism for shaping the policy of spatial development, the final outputs of which are local land development plans determining the spatial distribution of objects of different environmental and economic functions. Land development plans guarantee a spatial order, which means not only aesthetic qualities, utility, logic, and clarity of spatial structure, but also high usability and effectiveness harmonized with nature, both nationally and locally. Working out such a plan is determined by drawing up many other planning documents. This results from the fact that spatial development should be integrated and comprehensive not only at the local but also at the regional level. What is more, the article presented the results of spatial policy at every stage of deposit management, from a deposit documentation to a post-mining area reclamation, as well as, it discussed issues connected with inadequate protection of the deposits in the planning documents. Documented rock raw material deposits must be included in a study of conditions and directions of commune spatial development (Polish: Studium uwarunkowañ i kierunków zagospodarowania przestrzennego gmin) and in a local land development plan (Miejscowy plan zagospodarowania przestrzennego), and also in voivodeship area development plans. Admittedly, this mention does not protect the deposit from being used for non-mining purposes; still, lack of it might result in failure to obtain the concession for mining of deposits, which is not possible without exclusion of land from the previous use. As for the last phase of mining activity – that is, area reclamation after mining of mineral deposits – such ans area must undergo reclamation and be prepared for development in a way that enables it to function in accordance with the study of conditions and directions of commune spatial development and in the land development plan of the particular commune. This means the necessity of amendments to these documents unless they have already defined target functions of deposit area.

The Changing Role of the Development Plan in Managing Spatial Change

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Hull ◽  
G Vigar
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Development Plan ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Spatial Change ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

The authors examine the role of development plans in managing spatial change, The impact of the enhanced status of the development plan in the UK context is assessed with the aid of research material drawn from detailed case studies in Lancashire and Kent. Two governance ‘episodes’ are highlighted: a highly structured game within the mainstream planning system; and an innovative private-sector-led approach to planning for an area with the potential for rapid change. By means of these two illustrations the authors indicate the importance of the processes of development-plan preparation in the local context, the political tensions inherent to the land-use planning system in managing growth, and explore notions of plans being a store of local consensus about future spatial change.

scholarly journals Delay Analysis of Raw Water Reservoir and Pumping Station

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-387
Keyword(s):  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Development Plan ◽  
Delay Analysis ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Total Delay ◽  
Pumping Station ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Fundamental Reason ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
The Impact

Inadequate or feeble preliminary work prior beginning of development of any structure may become the root for difficult issues during the development time span. Therefore, the expense of development increments digressively, the development length of the task expands and the standard of development is influenced unfavorably. This examination harps on the significance of development plans in accomplishing the point of creating great quality development work inside the predefined span. Checking constantly the interrelated connection regarding delays in development plans and contractor orders is an entangled procedure. Here the easiest and fundamental methodology is that, both for proprietor and contractor, time is cash and consequently development plan deferrals ought to be broke down and remedial measures ought to be taken in a convenient way. The principle motivation behind this examination is to research the reasons for development plan delays and the techniques for plan delay investigations. In this examination, the completion development works of a “Raw water Reservoir and Raw water Pumping Station” at Bommakal village in Karimnagar District was chosen as a contextual investigation for examining task planning and the delay analysis. The fundamental reason for this examination is to recognize the defer aspects and the impact on the undertaken work fulfillment. This investigation adopts a coordinated strategy and tries to examine the influence of consequence. A survey was led to distinguish the circumstances and end results delay from contractor and customer. From the examination, it is distinguished that the most significant deferrals from a list 20 distinct causes and 4 distinct impacts of postponements and the suggestions to diminish the postponement. The actual arranged schedule is 713 days and updated proposed schedule is 683 days the total delay was 30 days

scholarly journals The Synergy of Ecosystems of Blue and Green Infrastructure and Its Services in the Metropolitan Area—Chances and Dangers

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2103
Author(s):  
Rafał Blazy ◽  
Hanna Hrehorowicz-Gaber ◽  
Alicja Hrehorowicz-Nowak ◽  
Arkadiusz Płachta
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Development Plan ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
The Impact

Ecosystems have become synanthropized, and the degree of their transformation depends on their susceptibility to anthropopressure, but they are necessary for the functioning of the anthropogenic environment. They provide many ecosystem services, yet they are often not protected in any way, and their value is not taken into account at all in the process of creating local development plans. The analysis of the blue and green infrastructure covered three municipalities: Łapanów, Gdów, and Dobczyce. To calculate the benefits of ecosystem services, the method of calculating the Ve coefficient was adopted, which would enable a more accurate financial evaluation of the local development plan and make the previously synthetic economic coefficient of net present value (NPV) real. Besides, the impact of water bodies on the financial benefits of ecosystem services was analyzed. Only the protection of ecosystems introduced by including it in the local development plan enables full ecosystem synergy. Next to anthropological ecosystems, there are also natural ecosystems, which are necessary for the proper functioning of the commune. The network of those includes green (in the case of vegetated areas) and blue (in the case of surface waters) infrastructure, and their synergy is the key to the sustainable development of the commune.

The impact of land reform on the development of united territorial communities

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Tamara Smovzhenko ◽  
Oryslava Korkuna ◽  
Ivan Korkuna ◽  
Ulyana Khromyak
Keyword(s):  
Land Reform ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Public Lands ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Practical Research ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Land Code

Nowadays, according to decentralization and current legislation (Land Code of Ukraine, Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine «On Self-Governance»), the public lands have been transferred to the CTCs since 1 February 2018. In 2018/2019, 788 CTCs received communal ownership of 1.68 ha of public lands. According to the Draft Law «On Amendments to Several Legal Documents of Ukraine on Agricultural Lands Turnover», the consolidated territorial communities become the legal entities and can acquire property rights to agricultural land plots. Therefore, transferring the lands to be used by the newly created CTCs is currently an urgent issue that requires extended scientific and practical research. The paper aims to research the role of land reform in Ukraine and its impact on increase of CTCs’ budget revenues. The stages of land reform and the development of the land reform in Ukraine as well as its implementation strategy are outlined. The disparities of the integrated satellite map and the data of the Land Cadaster of Ukraine in terms of unregistered lands are defined. The amount of a CTC budget’s increased revenues due to the reform is estimated. Statistical data on small, medium, and large farmers and their interest in the land reform are analyzed. The terms of selling the land to foreign investors and conditions of participation in land auctions are examined. The mechanisms of land purchase, selling, and lease in line with the land reform are suggested. Generalizing the presented aspects of the land reform in Ukraine and their impact on economic activity of the newly created CTCs, it can be argued that the process is quite positive and necessary for both communities and businesses in order to get additional budget revenues for CTCs. The land reform improves the living standards of Ukrainian people through the disclosure of the country’s agricultural capacity.

The Psychological and Financial Impact of Cybercrime Victimization: A Novel Application of the Shattered Assumptions Theory

2021 ◽  
pp. 089443932098382
Author(s):  
Jildau Borwell ◽  
Jurjen Jansen ◽  
Wouter Stol
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Financial Impact ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Loss Compensation ◽  
Shattered Assumptions ◽  
The Impact

While criminality is digitizing, a theory-based understanding of the impact of cybercrime on victims is lacking. Therefore, this study addresses the psychological and financial impact of cybercrime on victims, applying the shattered assumptions theory (SAT) to predict that impact. A secondary analysis was performed on a representative data set of Dutch citizens ( N = 33,702), exploring the psychological and financial impact for different groups of cybercrime victims. The results showed a higher negative impact on emotional well-being for victims of person-centered cybercrime, victims for whom the offender was an acquaintance, and victims whose financial loss was not compensated and a lower negative impact on emotional well-being for victims with a higher income. The study led to novel scientific insights and showed the applicability of the SAT for developing hypotheses about cybercrime victimization impact. In this study, most hypotheses had to be rejected, leading to the conclusion that more work has to be done to test the applicability of the SAT in the field of cybercrime. Furthermore, policy implications were identified considering the prioritization of and approach to specific cybercrimes, treatment of victims, and financial loss compensation.

scholarly journals Tenure in Office and Public Procurement

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Decio Coviello ◽  
Stefano Gagliarducci
Keyword(s):  
Causal Relation ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Term Limit ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Extra Term ◽  
The Impact

We study the impact of politicians' tenure in office on the outcomes of public procurement using a dataset on Italian municipal governments. To identify a causal relation, we first compare elections where the incumbent mayor barely won or barely lost another term. We then use the introduction of a two-term limit, which granted one potential extra term to mayors appointed before the reform. The main result is that an increase in tenure is associated with “worse” procurement outcomes. Our estimates are informative of the possibility that time in office progressively leads to collusion between government officials and local bidders. (JEL D72, H57, H76)

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