Unenhanced computed tomography for non-invasive diagnosis of hepatic steatosis with low tube potential protocol

We have developed a new X-ray microscope which produces complete three dimensional images of samples. The microscope operates by performing X-ray tomography with unprecedented resolution. Tomography is a non-invasive imaging technique that creates maps of the internal structure of samples from measurement of the attenuation of penetrating radiation. As conventionally practiced in medical Computed Tomography (CT), radiologists produce maps of bone and tissue structure in several planar sections that reveal features with 1mm resolution and 1% contrast. Microtomography extends the capability of CT in several ways. First, the resolution which approaches one micron, is one thousand times higher than that of the medical CT. Second, our approach acquires and analyses the data in a panoramic imaging format that directly produces three-dimensional maps in a series of contiguous stacked planes. Typical maps available today consist of three hundred planar sections each containing 512x512 pixels. Finally, and perhaps of most import scientifically, microtomography using a synchrotron X-ray source, allows us to generate maps of individual element.

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Effects of novel prosteatogenic TM6SF2 and NCAN/SUGP1 polymorphisms on hepatic steatosis and non-invasive markers of liver injury in patients with chronic liver diseases

Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie ◽

10.1055/s-0035-1559109 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 53 (08) ◽

Author(s):

A Arslanow ◽

C Stokes ◽

S Weber ◽

F Grünhage ◽

F Lammert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Injury ◽

Hepatic Steatosis ◽

Liver Diseases ◽

Chronic Liver ◽

Chronic Liver Diseases ◽

Non Invasive

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Integration Between Computed Tomography and Nuclear Medicine for Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Anatomy and Myocardial Perfusion

European Cardiology Review ◽

10.15420/ecr.2012.5.2.15 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 15

Author(s):

Wanda Acampa ◽

Mario Petretta ◽

Carmela Nappi ◽

Alberto Cuocolo ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Myocardial Perfusion ◽

Myocardial Blood Flow ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Emission Computed Tomography ◽

Coronary Anatomy ◽

Non Invasive

Many non-invasive imaging techniques are available for the evaluation of patients with known or suspected coronary heart disease. Among these, computed-tomography-based techniques allow the quantification of coronary atherosclerotic calcium and non-invasive imaging of coronary arteries, whereas nuclear cardiology is the most widely used non-invasive approach for the assessment of myocardial perfusion. The available single-photon-emission computed tomography flow agents are characterised by a cardiac uptake proportional to myocardial blood flow. In addition, different positron emission tomography tracers may be used for the quantitative measurement of myocardial blood flow and coronary flow reserve. Extensive research is being performed in the development of non-invasive coronary angiography and myocardial perfusion imaging using cardiac magnetic resonance. Finally, new multimodality imaging systems have recently been developed bringing together anatomical and functional information. This article provides a description of the available non-invasive imaging techniques in the assessment of coronary anatomy and myocardial perfusion in patients with known or suspected coronary heart disease.

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Non-invasive assessment of coronary artery bypass graft patency using 16-slice computed tomography angiography

Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery ◽

10.1186/1749-8090-2-27 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Emma S Houslay ◽

Tristan Lawton ◽

Anshuman Sengupta ◽

Neal G Uren ◽

Graham McKillop ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft ◽

Coronary Artery Bypass ◽

Computed Tomography Angiography ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

Bypass Graft ◽

Graft Patency ◽

Artery Bypass Graft ◽

Non Invasive

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Correlation between tympanometry volume and three-dimensional computed tomography mastoid volumetry in tympanoplasty candidates

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s002221512100164x ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

L Epprecht ◽

L Qingsong ◽

N Stenz ◽

S Hashimi ◽

T Linder

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Tympanic Membrane ◽

Cell Volume ◽

Radiation Injury ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Tympanic Membrane Perforations ◽

Computed Tomography Scans ◽

Air Cells ◽

Mastoid Air Cells

Abstract Objective Ventilation of the middle ear and mastoid air cells is believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic ear disease. Traditionally, ventilation is assessed by computed tomography. However, this exposes patients to cumulative radiation injury. In cases with a perforation in the tympanic membrane, tympanometry potentially presents a non-invasive alternative to measure the ventilated middle-ear and mastoid air cell volume. This study hypothesised that total tympanometry volume correlates with ventilated middle-ear and mastoid air cell volume. Method Total tympanometry volume was compared with ventilated middle-ear and mastoid air cell volume on computed tomography scans in 20 tympanic membrane perforations. Results There was a high correlation between tympanometry and computed tomography volumes (r = 0.78; p < 0.001). A tympanometry volume more than 2 ml predicted good ventilation on computed tomography. Conclusion These results may help reduce the need for pre-operative computed tomography in uncomplicated cases with tympanic membrane perforations.

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Hepatic steatosis in Cushing's syndrome: a radiological assessment using computed tomography

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje.0.1490543 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 149 (6) ◽

pp. 543-548 ◽

Cited By ~ 91

Author(s):

AG Rockall ◽

SA Sohaib ◽

D Evans ◽

G Kaltsas ◽

AM Isidori ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Hepatic Steatosis ◽

Cushing’S Syndrome ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

Cushing's Syndrome ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Visceral Fat Area

OBJECTIVE: Hepatic steatosis may occur in association with insulin resistance and obesity, two features commonly seen in Cushing's syndrome (CS). The aim of this report is to assess the prevalence of hepatic steatosis in patients with active CS using computed tomography (CT) and to identify any associations between hepatic steatosis, endocrine and biochemical variables and body fat distribution. PATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS: We identified 50 patients with active CS in whom appropriate CT was available to allow measurement of liver and spleen attenuation. In 26 patients, abdominal fat measurements were also available. Serum markers of CS and liver function tests were recorded. RESULTS: Ten of 50 patients had a liver-to-spleen CT attenuation ratio (L/S) of less than 1, indicating hepatic steatosis. There was a significant negative correlation between both liver attenuation and L/S ratio with total abdominal fat area, visceral fat area, the percentage of visceral fat and the visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio; the strongest negative correlation was found between visceral fat area and L/S ratio (r=-0.638, P<0.001, n=26). L/S ratio positively correlated with alkaline phosphatase levels (r=+0.423, P=0.044, n=23) but with no other serum marker of CS activity or liver enzyme. CONCLUSIONS: We have demonstrated hepatic steatosis on CT in 20% of patients with active CS. The presence of hepatic steatosis was significantly correlated with total abdominal fat area and visceral fat area.

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