scholarly journals Chiroptera as a Potential Reservoir of Dangerous for Humans Viruses in the territory of the Republic of Guinea. Part 1

2018 ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
A. M. Porshakov ◽  
Yu. V. Kononova ◽  
V. B. Loktev ◽  
M. I. Boiro
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Republic Of Guinea ◽  
Potential Reservoir ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Behavior

Chiroptera is one of the largest in numbers orders of mammals which can take on the role of natural host and vector of various viruses, bacteria, and pathogenic fungi. Over the period of 2007–2013, 248 new viruses pertaining to 24 families were detected in chiropterans. Lately, a range of novel infections that provoked severe diseases in humans were associated with bats-carriers. Presently they are viewed as a potential reservoir of Ebola, Marburg, and Hendra viruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome agents, as well as many other lethal diseases. Chiropterans started drawing particular attention after establishment of the fact that they are involved in circulation of ebolavirus Zaire and possibly participate in the formation of natural foci of this infection. Currently chiropterans are considered to be natural reservoirs of ebolavirus Zaire and some other filoviruses (Filoviridae). Accept from filoviruses, other significant for public healthcare viruses were isolated from chiropterans on the African continent – lyssaviruses (Rhabdoviridae, Lyssavirus), henipaviruses (Paramixoviridae, Henipavirus), and coronaviruses (Coronaviridae, Alphacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus) that can also circulate among chiropterans in West Africa. The data available from literature sources on dissemination of chiropterans in the territory of the African continent, their species diversity, peculiarities of ecology and behavior are analyzed in this paper. The information on the infections for which chiropterans can serve as potential reservoirs is also provided. Specifics of interaction between the population residing on African continent and bats of different species are described too. The review is devoted to the assessment of results of studies on population, ecological, and epidemiological factors contributing to maintenance of circulation of a number of dangerous for humans viruses (filoviruses, lyssaviruses, henipaviruses, and coronaviruses) among African chiropterans. The need for further investigation of the mentioned factors affecting chiropteran populations in the Republic of Guinea is substantiated.

scholarly journals INTERETHNIC MARRIAGES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON ETHNO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROCESSES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6(16) (3) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
V. A. Rubtzov ◽  
M. V. Rozhko ◽  
N. M. Biktimirov
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Rural Populations ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Interethnic Marriages

The article considers the influence of interethnic marriages on the demographic development of the population on the example of one of the national-territorial entities of Russia — the Republic of Tatarstan. The article talks about the role of the nationality of one of the parents and the preservation of differences in interethnic marriages between urban and rural populations. The reasons for the growth of interethnic marriages and factors affecting the entry into such marriages, the possibilities of contacts between ethnic groups living in the territory of Tatarstan are revealed.

scholarly journals The Role of Human Resources Motivation in the Development of Hotel Enterprises in the Ferizaj Region (Republic of Kosovo)

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Naim Ismajli ◽  
Arberesha Behluli ◽  
Roberta Bajrami
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Work Related ◽  
The Social ◽  
Work Relationship ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Level Of Motivation ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The main purpose of this research is to describe and sift the overall level of motivation of the employees of hotel enterprises in the region of Ferizaj, in the Republic of Kosova regarding the factors affecting it as well as measuring the relationship between motivation and quality of service. The first objective of this study is to measure and describe work relationship among the employees of hotel enterprises in the Ferizaj Region, while the second objective is to measure and describe payroll and bonuses among the employees of hotel enterprises in the Ferizaj Region. Part of the study were 467 workers of the hotel enterprises of which 36% ( n=171) were women, and 63.4% (n=296) men. Analysis of empirical data is performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) system. From the findings of this study it has been founded that the employees of hotel enterprises in Ferizaj region are above average motivated in their work. Salary is the most important factor that has an impact on motivation, followed by the work-related relationships. However, comparing level of motivation among different places, we can see that the workers in Ferizaj and Shterpce were more motivated because more motivational techniques were used by their managers, whereas employees in Shtime and Kaqanik were less motivated. The variance analysis identified significant statistical differences in terms of motivation at work. Regarding the quality of service from the statistical data, we see that the quality of service is in right proportion to motivation. Clients were satisfied with the hotel services in general but the citizens of Ferizaj and Shterpca were more satisfied whereas citizens of Shtime and Kaqanik were less satisfied. Finally, it can be asserted that the findings of this study can help the structures of hotel establishments to use efficient techniques to motivate their employees,which could lead to the increase of the quality of service provided.

scholarly journals The current epizootic situation of rabies in Tajikistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 03019
Author(s):  
A.A. Muminov ◽  
O.D. Nazarova ◽  
O.G. Petrova ◽  
F.B. Kamolzoda ◽  
F.Kh. Pulotov
Keyword(s):  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Full Extent ◽  
Terrestrial Animal ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

According to the Terrestrial Animal Health Code and the Veterinary Legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan, veterinary authorities register, give passport and vaccinate dogs and cats, but not to the full extent, which increases the risk of infection and death of people and animals with the rabies virus. This article presents the results of retrospective analysis of the epizootic and epidemiological situation and the role of carnivores and other animals in the circulation of the rabies virus in natural foci in Tajikistan’s regions close to big cities and areas under protection. Research and monitoring of the manifestation of rabies among carnivorous mammals in 4 regions of the country were carried out and the role in spreading of rabies infection was studied. As a result of study it was found that the most disadvantaged areas with high levels of rabies infection are Khatlon region and Central Tajikistan, and was explored connection between diseases of dogs and farm animals, especially cattle.

scholarly journals Factors affecting students’ satisfaction regarding semester system: Evidence from Pakistani Universities

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-201
Author(s):  
Iqra Sardar ◽  
Zeeshan Maqsood ◽  
Sana Jawad ◽  
Rahila Akhta ◽  
Humaira Latif
Keyword(s):  
Target Population ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Educational Profession ◽  
Students Satisfaction

Background: Knowledge of students is more important as compared to their position, marks, and G.P.A. Learning for students performs a vital role as it helps them achieve what they desire in their educational profession. Semester system is based on a six-month duration, examination at the end of eachsemester. Objectives: This study attempts to find out satisfaction levels of students regarding the semester system in colleges. The study explores various factors like the role of teachers, types of courses, time duration, the medium of learning, management system, college environment, group work factors, all of which have  significant impact on  satisfaction levels of the students. Methods: BS Students were taken as target population to take the research sample. Primary data were collected with the help of questionnaire and then analyzed by using SPSS software. Results: Results show that semester system is perceived to be a most effective way of effectual learning; however, the satisfaction level of students can be enhanced by cooperative efforts of teachers and students. Conclusions and Recommendation: Although there are many factors elaborated in the study that can efficiently enhance student’s satisfaction, the teacher’s efforts and behavior are the main factors which are directly related to the student’s satisfaction.

Risk assessment of biological safety in Tajikistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Orzugul Nazarova ◽  
Kamoldjon Mahmudov ◽  
Abdukarim Muminov ◽  
Shuhrat Jumaev
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Biological Safety ◽  
The Republic

This article presents data from an analysis of the epidemiological and epizootological situation in the Republic of Tajikistan, for various infectious diseases circulating both in the territory of the republic and in neighboring countries. The factors affecting the occurrence of additional risks of the introduction of pathogens of highly infectious diseases, both for humans and animals, are identified. The risks of the spread of highly infectious diseases during laboratory research are determined. The role of food additives used in animal feed and their impact on the health of animals and humans was studied; the risk of biological safety when using medicine drugs was assessed, and ways to counter increasing biological hazards were identified, recommendations for reducing the risks of biological safety in Tajikistan were given.

scholarly journals Dermal trypanosomes in suspected and confirmed cases of gambiense Human African Trypanosomiasis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariame Camara ◽  
Alseny M’mah Soumah ◽  
Hamidou Ilbouldo ◽  
Christelle Travaillé ◽  
Caroline Clucas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human African Trypanosomiasis ◽  
African Trypanosomiasis ◽  
Serological Screening ◽  
Republic Of Guinea ◽  
Dermatological Examination ◽  
Potential Reservoir ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Skin Biopsies ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Novel Target

AbstractBackgroundThe diagnosis of Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) typically involves two steps: a serological screen, followed by the detection of living trypanosome parasites in the blood or lymph node aspirate. Live parasites can, however, remain undetected in some seropositive individuals, who we hypothesize are infected with Trypanosoma brucei gambiense parasites in their extravascular dermis.Methods and findingsTo test this hypothesis, we conducted a prospective observational cohort study in the gambiense HAT (gHAT) focus of Forecariah, in the Republic of Guinea. 5,417 subjects in this disease foci underwent serological screening for gHAT. Of these individuals, 66 were enrolled into our study, of whom 40 were seronegative, 8 were seropositive but unconfirmed, and 18 confirmed gHAT cases. Enrolled individuals underwent a dermatological examination, and had blood samples and skin biopsies taken and examined for trypanosomes by molecular and immuno-histological methods. In confirmed cases, dermatological symptoms were significantly more frequent, relative to seronegative controls. T. b. gambiense parasites were present in the blood of all confirmed cases but not in unconfirmed seropositive individuals. However, trypanosomes were detected in the dermis of all unconfirmed seropositive individuals and confirmed cases. After 6 and 20 months of treatment, dermal trypanosome numbers in skin biopsies of confirmed cases progressively reduced.ConclusionsOur results thus highlight the skin as a potential reservoir for trypanosomes, with implications for our understanding of this disease’s epidemiology in the context of its planned elimination and highlighting the skin as a novel target for gHAT diagnostics.

Individual Differences in the Name Similarity Effect

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Howard ◽  
Roger A. Kerin
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Impression Management ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Brand Attitude ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Similarity Effect ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Usage Context

The name similarity effect is the tendency to like people, places, and things with names similar to our own. Although many researchers have examined name similarity effects on preferences and behavior, no research to date has examined whether individual differences exist in susceptibility to those effects. This research reports the results of two experiments that examine the role of self-monitoring in moderating name similarity effects. In the first experiment, name similarity effects on brand attitude and purchase intentions were found to be stronger for respondents high, rather than low, in self-monitoring. In the second experiment, the interactive effect observed in the first study was found to be especially true in a public (vs. private) usage context. These findings are consistent with theoretical expectations of name similarity effects as an expression of egotism manifested in the image and impression management concerns of high self-monitors.

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