Risk assessment of biological safety in Tajikistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Orzugul Nazarova ◽  
Kamoldjon Mahmudov ◽  
Abdukarim Muminov ◽  
Shuhrat Jumaev
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Biological Safety ◽  
The Republic

This article presents data from an analysis of the epidemiological and epizootological situation in the Republic of Tajikistan, for various infectious diseases circulating both in the territory of the republic and in neighboring countries. The factors affecting the occurrence of additional risks of the introduction of pathogens of highly infectious diseases, both for humans and animals, are identified. The risks of the spread of highly infectious diseases during laboratory research are determined. The role of food additives used in animal feed and their impact on the health of animals and humans was studied; the risk of biological safety when using medicine drugs was assessed, and ways to counter increasing biological hazards were identified, recommendations for reducing the risks of biological safety in Tajikistan were given.

Problems of disinfectological provision of the population in the pandemic period of COVID-19 infection in the Republic of Moldova

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Vasily Aleksandrovich Tsurkan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Economic Nature

The principles of organizing and implementing anti-epidemic, including disinfectological measures for COVID-19 infection were studied, and the results of the state of readiness of interested services in the localization and elimination of focuses of coronavirus infection were presented. It was noted that the untimely solution of existing problems of a socio-economic nature contributed to the development of the pandemic process of COVID-19 infection. In the initial period of the development of the pandemic in most countries of the world, including Moldova, the system for monitoring and actively detecting cases of the population of COVID-19 did not work. Lack of disinfection services and insufficiently trained disinfectologists lead to untimely and poor-quality disinfection measures. The role of the disinfectological service in ensuring the epidemiological well-being of the population is argued. The necessity of creating a new, comprehensive system for protecting the country’s population from especially dangerous infectious diseases has been substantiated. Keywords: disinfection measures, biocides, treatment and prevention organizations, pandemic process, technologies, methods, forces and means, provision, infectious diseases, COVID-19 infection

scholarly journals Determinants of audit risk assessment for governmental audits in Indonesia: a study of the national audit board of the republic of Indonesia

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 379-388
Author(s):  
Agung Nur Probohudono ◽  
Payamta ◽  
Sri Hantoro
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
National Audit ◽  
Audit Risk ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
And Topology ◽  
Audit Risk Model ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Expertise Level

This study aimed to determine the influence of: geography, demography and topology; culture; maturity of organization (age of government); maturity of people; auditor’s capability in the assigned region; expertise / education level; and experience of auditing team in risk assessment; on the examination of audit risk by The National Audit Board of The Republic of Indonesia (Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan (BPK) in Indonesia. This study found the factors affecting the audit risk model in general. This study identified several factors that influence the determination of audit risk assessment which occur when conducting local governmental audits in Indonesia. This study was conducted by identifying the factors that might influence the risk of audit used by The National Audit Board. The results of the identification are elaborated in some of the items included in the questionnaire. The number of respondents in this study was 143 respondents as Auditors of The National Audit Board in Indonesia. This study conducted multiple regression analysis. Maturity of people, auditor’s capability, and expertise level have a significant influence on the risk assessment. These factors are derived from an auditor’s judgment when they perform the examination seen from the condition of local government in Indonesia

scholarly journals INTERETHNIC MARRIAGES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON ETHNO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROCESSES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6(16) (3) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
V. A. Rubtzov ◽  
M. V. Rozhko ◽  
N. M. Biktimirov
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Rural Populations ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Interethnic Marriages

The article considers the influence of interethnic marriages on the demographic development of the population on the example of one of the national-territorial entities of Russia — the Republic of Tatarstan. The article talks about the role of the nationality of one of the parents and the preservation of differences in interethnic marriages between urban and rural populations. The reasons for the growth of interethnic marriages and factors affecting the entry into such marriages, the possibilities of contacts between ethnic groups living in the territory of Tatarstan are revealed.

scholarly journals The Role of Human Resources Motivation in the Development of Hotel Enterprises in the Ferizaj Region (Republic of Kosovo)

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Naim Ismajli ◽  
Arberesha Behluli ◽  
Roberta Bajrami
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Work Related ◽  
The Social ◽  
Work Relationship ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Level Of Motivation ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The main purpose of this research is to describe and sift the overall level of motivation of the employees of hotel enterprises in the region of Ferizaj, in the Republic of Kosova regarding the factors affecting it as well as measuring the relationship between motivation and quality of service. The first objective of this study is to measure and describe work relationship among the employees of hotel enterprises in the Ferizaj Region, while the second objective is to measure and describe payroll and bonuses among the employees of hotel enterprises in the Ferizaj Region. Part of the study were 467 workers of the hotel enterprises of which 36% ( n=171) were women, and 63.4% (n=296) men. Analysis of empirical data is performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) system. From the findings of this study it has been founded that the employees of hotel enterprises in Ferizaj region are above average motivated in their work. Salary is the most important factor that has an impact on motivation, followed by the work-related relationships. However, comparing level of motivation among different places, we can see that the workers in Ferizaj and Shterpce were more motivated because more motivational techniques were used by their managers, whereas employees in Shtime and Kaqanik were less motivated. The variance analysis identified significant statistical differences in terms of motivation at work. Regarding the quality of service from the statistical data, we see that the quality of service is in right proportion to motivation. Clients were satisfied with the hotel services in general but the citizens of Ferizaj and Shterpca were more satisfied whereas citizens of Shtime and Kaqanik were less satisfied. Finally, it can be asserted that the findings of this study can help the structures of hotel establishments to use efficient techniques to motivate their employees,which could lead to the increase of the quality of service provided.

scholarly journals Ecology of microorganisms in the conditions of permafrost

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
M. P. Neustroev ◽  
A. S. Donchenko ◽  
N. P. Tarabukina
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Permafrost Soils ◽  
Viable Bacteria ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Transmission Factors

The results of research into the ecology of pathogens of infectious diseases in permafrost conditions are presented. The work was carried out in laboratory conditions and horse breeding farms of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), located in the permafrost zone. Isolation and identification of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms were carried out by generally accepted methods used in microbiological practice. The survival rate of microorganisms was studied by methods of veterinary sanitation. The studies conducted showed that the survival time of some microorganisms on the objects of the environment in permafrost conditions is 2-3 times longer than the survival time of similar microorganisms in the southern and European territories of Russia and abroad. When studying microbial contamination and the survival time of microorganisms, a significant content of aerobic spore-forming bacteria (more than 2 x 106 CFU/g) in permafrost soils of Central Yakutia was established. Isolation of viable bacteria of the genus Bacillus from representatives of mammoth fauna preserved in permafrost soils (age 30-40 thousand years) proves the role of permafrost in the preservation of bacteria of the Pleistocene period. Permafrost contributes to the long-term preservation of foci and transmission factors of pathogens of infectious diseases. Isolation of pathogens of yersiniosis from the surfaces of glaciers and from wild animals indicates the danger of contamination of food during storage and consumption. The establishment of the circulation of pathogens of viral diseases among reindeer suggests the role of migratory birds in the spread of infectious diseases. The study of the epizootology of anthrax remains relevant. Knowledge of the survival time of microorganisms on the objects of the environment in the extreme conditions of the Far North and the study of the microbiota of wild animals and migratory birds are necessary to optimize antiepizootic and epidemiological measures in the prevention or elimination of infectious diseases in humans and animals.

scholarly journals Chiroptera as a Potential Reservoir of Dangerous for Humans Viruses in the territory of the Republic of Guinea. Part 1

2018 ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
A. M. Porshakov ◽  
Yu. V. Kononova ◽  
V. B. Loktev ◽  
M. I. Boiro
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Republic Of Guinea ◽  
Potential Reservoir ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Behavior

Chiroptera is one of the largest in numbers orders of mammals which can take on the role of natural host and vector of various viruses, bacteria, and pathogenic fungi. Over the period of 2007–2013, 248 new viruses pertaining to 24 families were detected in chiropterans. Lately, a range of novel infections that provoked severe diseases in humans were associated with bats-carriers. Presently they are viewed as a potential reservoir of Ebola, Marburg, and Hendra viruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome agents, as well as many other lethal diseases. Chiropterans started drawing particular attention after establishment of the fact that they are involved in circulation of ebolavirus Zaire and possibly participate in the formation of natural foci of this infection. Currently chiropterans are considered to be natural reservoirs of ebolavirus Zaire and some other filoviruses (Filoviridae). Accept from filoviruses, other significant for public healthcare viruses were isolated from chiropterans on the African continent – lyssaviruses (Rhabdoviridae, Lyssavirus), henipaviruses (Paramixoviridae, Henipavirus), and coronaviruses (Coronaviridae, Alphacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus) that can also circulate among chiropterans in West Africa. The data available from literature sources on dissemination of chiropterans in the territory of the African continent, their species diversity, peculiarities of ecology and behavior are analyzed in this paper. The information on the infections for which chiropterans can serve as potential reservoirs is also provided. Specifics of interaction between the population residing on African continent and bats of different species are described too. The review is devoted to the assessment of results of studies on population, ecological, and epidemiological factors contributing to maintenance of circulation of a number of dangerous for humans viruses (filoviruses, lyssaviruses, henipaviruses, and coronaviruses) among African chiropterans. The need for further investigation of the mentioned factors affecting chiropteran populations in the Republic of Guinea is substantiated.

The Role of Distress Disclosure Tendencies in the Experience and Expression of Laboratory-Induced Sadness

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey H. Kahn ◽  
Daniel W. Cox ◽  
A. Myfanwy Bakker ◽  
Julia I. O’Loughlin ◽  
Agnieszka M. Kotlarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Emotion Words ◽  
Distress Disclosure ◽  
Computerized Text Analysis

Abstract. The benefits of talking with others about unpleasant emotions have been thoroughly investigated, but individual differences in distress disclosure tendencies have not been adequately integrated within theoretical models of emotion. The purpose of this laboratory research was to determine whether distress disclosure tendencies stem from differences in emotional reactivity or differences in emotion regulation. After completing measures of distress disclosure tendencies, social desirability, and positive and negative affect, 84 participants (74% women) were video recorded while viewing a sadness-inducing film clip. Participants completed post-film measures of affect and were then interviewed about their reactions to the film; these interviews were audio recorded for later coding and computerized text analysis. Distress disclosure tendencies were not predictive of the subjective experience of emotion, but they were positively related to facial expressions of sadness and happiness. Distress disclosure tendencies also predicted judges’ ratings of the verbal disclosure of emotion during the interview, but self-reported disclosure and use of positive and negative emotion words were not associated with distress disclosure tendencies. The authors present implications of this research for integrating individual differences in distress disclosure with models of emotion.

Treatment of ebola and other infectious diseases: melatonin “goes viral”

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russel J Reiter ◽  
Qiang Ma ◽  
Ramaswamy Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Attractive Potential ◽  
Potential Treatment

This review summarizes published reports on the utility of melatonin as a treatment for virus-mediated diseases. Of special note are the data related to the role of melatonin in influencing Ebola virus disease. This infection and deadly condition has no effective treatment and the published works documenting the ability of melatonin to attenuate the severity of viral infections generally and Ebola infection specifically are considered. The capacity of melatonin to prevent one of the major complications of an Ebola infection, i.e., the hemorrhagic shock syndrome, which often contributes to the high mortality rate, is noteworthy. Considering the high safety profile of melatonin, the fact that it is easily produced, inexpensive and can be self-administered makes it an attractive potential treatment for Ebola virus pathology.  

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