scholarly journals Review of the Epizootiological and Epidemiological Situation on Anthrax around the World in 2020 and the Forecast for 2021 in the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
A. G. Ryazanova ◽  
O. N. Skudareva ◽  
D. K. Gerasimenko ◽  
D. K. Chmerenko ◽  
O. V. Semenova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Challenging Situation ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

A review of the epizootiological and epidemiological situation on anthrax in the world in 2020 was carried out. In the Russian Federation, five cases of human infection with cutaneous anthrax were registered in the entity of the North Caucasian Federal District – the Republic of Dagestan. A challenging situation was noted in the territory of border states – Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Ukraine. Epizootics of anthrax among livestock and wild animals were identified mainly in African countries. At the same time, the largest number of confirmed human cases was detected in Africa (Zimbabwe, Kenya) and Asia (Indonesia). The infection of individuals with the causative agent of anthrax was primarily associated with the ingestion of meat from sick and dead anthrax animals, contact with animals during forced slaughter, skinning and processing of contaminated meat. The incidence of anthrax in the Russian Federation in 2021 will be determined by the realization of the planned volumes of preventive measures and, provided they are properly implemented, will be limited to identifying sporadic cases of infection that are potentially possible within the limits of certain regions of Russia.

scholarly journals Analysis of Epidemiological Situation on Crimean Hemorrhagic Fever in the Russian Federation in 2020 and Prognosis for 2021

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
A. S. Volynkina ◽  
O. V. Maletskaya ◽  
O. N. Skudareva ◽  
I. V. Tishchenko ◽  
E. I. Vasilenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Natural Focus ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
The North ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

The review presents an analysis of the epidemiological and epizootiological situation on Crimean hemorrhagic fever in the Russian Federation in 2020. During the stated period, 32 CHF cases were registered, which is the minimum indicator since the activation of the natural focus of CHF in 1999. The mortality rate was 3.1 %. The incidence was recorded in the Rostov, Astrakhan Regions, Stavropol Territory, the Republics of Dagestan and Kalmykia. A significant decrease in the incidence of CHF was noted in all entities of the Southern Federal District and the North-Caucasian Federal District. An imported from the Republic of Crimea case of CHF was detected in Moscow. The seasonality of morbidity, occupational, and age composition of CHF patients, modes of transmission, features of the clinical course of the disease in 2020 corresponded to the data of long-term observations. Epizootiological monitoring of the territory of the CHF natural focus showed that the abundance of Hyalomma marginatum adults and the percentage of Ixodidae tick pools positive for the presence of CCHF virus markers corresponded to the average long-term indicators at stationary observation points in 2020 , which indicates the persisting epizootiological disadvantage of the territory of the natural CHF focus in the Russian Federation. The persisting high numbers and infection rate of H. marginatum ticks can contribute to the development of an unfavorable epidemiological situation in the south of the country with a possible increase in the incidence of CHF in the Russian Federation in 2021. 

scholarly journals Integral Assessment of the Development Level of Electronic Business in the Regions of the Volga Federal District

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
M. V. Bikeeva ◽  
K. V. Belash
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Electronic Business ◽  
Development Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

Purpose of the study. Information and communication technologies are becoming a powerful tool for the development of electronic business. Today, the leaders in the global economic and political space are precisely those countries that have learned to determine the vector of development of information technologies and use new opportunities for their application. The development of innovative digital technologies in Russia and in the world is widely discussed in the framework of various discussion platforms. In particular, at the International Forum “The Digital Future of the Global Economy” (January 31, 2020 Almaty), digitalization of trade processes between the EAEU membercountries became one of the main topics. The annual Tech Week conference (Moscow) is becoming a traditional place for discussing the implementation of innovative technologies in business, as well as for the exchange of experience of leading Russian and world corporations in the field of electronic business. In this regard, there is a need for a comprehensive statistical assessment of the development level of electronic business of the territory.Materials and methods. The research was based on the data of the Federal State Statistics Service for 2018 for the regions of the Volga federal district, and the results of monitoring the development of the information society in the Russian Federation. As a tool for assessing the degree of digitalization of business in the regions of the Volga federal district, the graphic polygon (radar) method is used.Results. The article provides a retrospective analysis of the stages of development of electronic business in Russia. Among the characteristic features of the modern stage of its development are the mass introduction of Internet technologies and the transformation of traditional business methods. The introduction of advanced information and communication technologies contributes to greater involvement of the business sector in electronic business. In terms of the level of development of information and communication technologies (ICT Development Index), Russia ranks 45th among the countries of the world. For the period 2010 - 2018 the development of electronic business in Russia has a positive trend. According to the results of 2018, the volume of the Russian e-commerce market amounted to 1280 billion rubles, or 4.1% of the total trade turnover. According to forecast estimates, by 2023 the volume of Russian e-commerce market will grow to 8.5% of the total turnover and amount to 2780 billion rubles. An integrated assessment of the development level of electronic business was carried out according to sixteen local criteria. As a result of calculating the private and local ranks of the values of the relevant criteria, fourteen polygons of the level of development of electronic business were constructed by the number of regions of the Volga federal district. The results obtained allow us to state the existence of a high degree of heterogeneity of the regions of the Volga federal district according to the integral indicator under study. Among the leading regions in terms of electronic business development are the Republic of Tatarstan, Perm krai and Nizhny Novgorod region. Outsider regions – the Mari El Republic, the Republic of Mordovia, and the Kirov region – are characterized by a low percentage of organizations that used the capabilities of the Intranet and Extranet, the absence of special software for managing sales of goods (works, services), and limited use of software, in particular ERP, CRM and SCM systems.Conclusion. The widespread use of information and communication technologies entails the expansion of opportunities and improving the quality of coordination of business activities. We should remember that if modern business cannot quickly adapt to the new requirements of the digital economy, then it risks becoming uncompetitive. The results of the study revealed a differentiation in the development of electronic business in the regions of the Volga federal district. A similar situation is observed in most constituent entities of the Russian Federation and is due in many respects to specific reasons for each region. The timely fulfillment of the goals and objectives of digital transformations in the Russian Federation reflected in the Digital Economy of the Russian Federation Program and other regulatory documents will help to smooth out the existing imbalances.

scholarly journals Review of the Current Epidemiological Situation on the Incidence of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in the World and Forecast of the Incidence for the Territory of the Russian Federation in 2019

2019 ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Savitskaya ◽  
V. A. Trifonov ◽  
G. Sh. Isaeva ◽  
I. D. Reshetnikova ◽  
N. D. Pakskina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Average Level ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Autonomous Regions ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

The paper presents analysis of epidemiological situation on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome around the world and in the Russian Federation over the period of 2009–2018. 5855 cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome were registered in Russia in 2018 (3.99 per one hundred thousand of the population). Downward trend is observed as compared to 2017 (by 29.6 %). Cases of cluster infection were not reported. It is established that the highest level of morbidity, exceeding the average level across Russia 3.9 times, was noted in the Volga Federal District, where 77.5% of the total cases occurred. The territory of the Russian Federation was differentiated by the HFRS incidence rates. The areas with high levels of morbidity included the entities of the Russian Federation with intensive index range between 9.08 and 41.39 per one hundred thousand of the population, among them Republics of Bashkortostan, Mari El, Tatarstan, and Mordovia, Udmurt and Chuvashi Republics, Kirov, Nizhny Novgorod, Penza, Samara, Ulyanovsk, Kostroma, Yaroslavl, and Jewish Autonomous Regions. The forecast for preservation of tense epidemiological situation on HFRS incidence in the territory of the Volga Federal District was substantiated.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Situation on Anthrax in 2018, the Forecast for 2019

2019 ◽  
pp. 98-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Ryazanova ◽  
E. B. Ezhlova ◽  
N. D. Pakskina ◽  
O. V. Semenova ◽  
L. Yu. Aksenova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Cutaneous Anthrax ◽  
Infected Meat ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Analysis of the anthrax incidence in the Russian Federation over the period of 2009–2018 showed that the infections among the population were recorded in 14 regions of 6 Federal Districts. 23 anthrax outbreaks among people were revealed, where 90 people got sick with 3 lethal outcomes. In comparison to the previous ten-year period (1999–2008), the number of cases of the disease was reduced by 1.6 times. Three cases of cutaneous anthrax were registered in two constituent entities of the Russian Federation in 2018 – the Republic of Dagestan (1) and the Republic of Tyva (2). Outbreaks of infection among livestock animals and people were recorded in such neighboring states as Georgia, Kazakhstan, China, Kyrgyzstan, and Ukraine. Epizootiological and epidemiological instability as regards anthrax was observed in several countries of Asia and Africa. Human infection occurred as a result of contact with sick and dead animals in the process of slaughter and cutting of carcasses, consuming infected meat. Anthrax morbidity rates among animals and people in the Russian Federation in 2019 will depend on the comprehensiveness of implementation of the plans for anthrax prevention, and in case those plans will be realized at the maximum scale incidence will be limited to single cases.

scholarly journals Review of Hantavirus Infections in the World, Epidemiological Situation on Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in the Russian Federation in 2020 and a Forecast for 2021

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
T. A. Savitskaya ◽  
A. V. Ivanova ◽  
G. Sh. Isaeva ◽  
I. D. Reshetnikova ◽  
E. Kabve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Far East ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Federal District ◽  
European Part ◽  
The Past ◽  
Central Federal District ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

The review used the data from operational monitoring carried out by the Reference Center for Monitoring over HFRS – “Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Rospotrebnadzor”, based on official data provided by the Rospotrebnadzor institutions in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Statistical processing was conducted using conventional methods of variation statistics applying the Excel program. Over the past decades, hantavirus diseases have become very relevant and spread throughout the world. In the territory of the Russian Federation, natural foci of HFRS are located in the European part of the country, Western Siberia and Far East. The most epidemically active foci are situated in the European part of Russia. Over the past decade, the intensive incidence rate of HFRS in the Russian Federation stayed within the range of 3.0–9.5 per 100 thousand of the population, the long-term average annual indicator – 5.2 per 100 thousand of the population. In 2020, 3845 cases of HFRS were registered (2.62 per 100,000 of the population). There was a decrease in the incidence of HFRS by 3.6 times, compared with the indicators of 2019. A factor that may have influenced the decrease in the incidence of HFRS was the depression of the epizootic process among small mammals, the main carriers of HFRS pathogens, due to natural and climatic factors. The nature of the distribution of HFRS incidence across the territory of the Russian Federation in 2020 was heterogeneous. Statistical processing of the data made it possible to identify 5 groups of territories that differ in the level of HFRS incidence. Almost all constituent entities of the Volga Federal District and the Kostroma Region belonging to the Central Federal District were classified as groups of territories with high and very high incidence rates. In 2021, the deterioration of the epidemiological situation is predicted in the summer-autumn period of the year in the Volga Federal District and four entities of the Central Federal District. 

scholarly journals Epidemiological Situation on Tick-Borne Borreliosis in the Russian Federation in 2019 Compared to the Period of 2002–2018

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
S. A. Rudakova ◽  
N. A. Pen’evskaya ◽  
A. I. Blokh ◽  
D. A. Savel’ev ◽  
O. E. Teslova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
North West ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The North ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Objective: to analyze the epidemiological situation on Ixodidae tick-borne borreliosis in the Russian Federation in 2019 in comparison with the period of 2002–2018.Materials and methods. The paper uses the data contained in Form No. 2 of the state statistical reporting for 2002–2019 and information obtained by the Reference Center for Monitoring Borreliosis of the Omsk Research Institute of Natural Focal Infections from 74 constituent entities of Russia in 2019. The main research method is epidemiological one with the use of modern information technologies.Results and discussion. In Russia, 8048 cases of tick-borne borreliosis (Lyme disease – LD) were recorded (5.48 0/0000) in 2019. The actual indicators of the LD incidence for the whole country and federal districts (FD) in 2019 were within the confidence limits predicted with linear regression based on the study of the dynamics of the epidemic process in 2002–2018 in the vast majority of cases. A steady upward trend in the LD incidence was observed during 2002–2019 in the Central Federal District due to 10 out of 18 entities (Moscow, Belgorod, Lipetsk, Moscow, Bryansk, Voronezh, Kursk, Ryazan, Tambov, Tula regions); in the Southern Federal District because of the Krasnodar Territory and the Volgograd Region; in the North Caucasus Federal District – because of the Stavropol Territory. Despite the fact that a downward trend in the incidence of LD has been established over the past 18 years in the North-West, Volga and Ural Federal Districts, in some subjects of these regions a trend towards an aggravation of the epidemiological situation is observed (the Komi Republic and Chuvashia, Penza Region). In the absence of a pronounced tendency to change in the incidence rate of LD in the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts, Kemerovo Region-Kuzbass, the Republic of Tuva and the Trans-Baikal Territory where a growing trend has been identified require special attention. In the Ural and Siberian Federal Districts, the share of non-erythema forms among laboratory-confirmed cases of LD was higher than in other regions, which merits further study of the genome-specific features of borrelia populations and their carriers. Effective control of the LD epidemiological situation in Russia is possible provided that the control is improved and maintained, and the capacity of preventive measures and zoological-entomological monitoring of the activity and structure of the natural foci of LD is enhanced in the entities with the long-term tendency towards increase in the incidence of the disease. 

scholarly journals Scientific support of the rice growing industry of the agroindustrial complex of the Russian Federation in solving the problems of food security

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 05006
Author(s):  
Vugar Bagirov ◽  
Sergey Treshkin ◽  
Andrey Korobka ◽  
Fedor Dereka ◽  
Sergey Garkusha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Scientific Support ◽  
The World ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Agroindustrial Complex ◽  
Far Eastern

According to FAOSTAT, in 2018-2019 rice was planted in 118 countries on an area of 167 million hectares, the annual grain production in the world is about 782 million tons. Rice is the most popular cereal in the diet of the Russian consumer. Rice growing is a small but rather important branch of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation. The main rice producers in the world are China (over 214 million tons), India (over 172 million tons), Indonesia (83 million tons), Bangladesh (56 million tons), Vietnam (44 million tons), Thailand (32 million tons) and Myanmar (25 million tons). In the Russian Federation, rice is grown in three federal districts, in nine subjects: in the Southern Federal District - the Republic of Adygea, Kalmykia, Krasnodar, Astrakhan and Rostov Regions; North Caucasian Federal District - Republics of Dagestan and Chechen; Far Eastern Federal District - Primorsky Territory and the Jewish Autonomous Region. Scientific support of the rice-growing industry in the Russian Federation is carried out by the Federal Scientific Rice Centre.

scholarly journals Epizootiological and Epidemiological Situation on Brucellosis around the World in 2011–2020 and Forecast for the Russian Federation for 2021

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
D. G. Ponomarenko ◽  
O. N. Skudareva ◽  
A. A. Khachaturova ◽  
A. N. Germanova ◽  
D. E. Lukashevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Analysis of the incidence of human brucellosis in the world in 2011–2020 is presented in the paper. An assessment of the epizootiological-epidemiological situation on brucellosis in the Russian Federation in 2020 is performed. It is outlined that the epidemiological situation on brucellosis in Russia over the past decade was characterized as unfavorable with downward trend in the incidence rate against the background of persistent epizootiological insecurity among cattle and small ruminants. Between 2011 and 2020, 3507 first identified human cases of brucellosis were registered. The long-term average number of cases is 350 per year, including 28 cases among children under 17 years old. The average long-term intensive morbidity rate per 100 000 people was 0.24, among children under 17 – 0.1. In 2020, 119 human cases of brucellosis were detected in Russia (0.08), which indicates that the trend towards an improvement in the epidemiological situation on brucellosis continues. The largest number of brucellosis cases among people was registered in the North-Caucasian (77.1 % of the total incidence across Russia) and the Southern Federal District (13.5 %). In the period of 2010–2020 (9 months), 4610 areas potentially hazardous as regards bovine brucellosis and 422 – as regards brucellosis in sheep and goats were registered in the Russian Federation. Analysis of the development of brucellosis situation in Russia indicates that in the medium term, with the current trend maintained, there is a real risk of widespread brucellosis distribution among farm animals in the constituent entities of the Central, Volga, Far Eastern and Siberian Federal Districts, as well as the persistence of epizootiological insecurity in the North Caucasus and Southern Federal Districts. Taking into account the current epizootiological-epidemiological situation and the long-term dynamics of the development in the Russian Federation, one can predict the incidence of brucellosis in people at a level below the longterm average values – 0.13–0.18 per 100000 of the population in 2021.

scholarly journals Analysis of Epizootiological-Epidemiological Situation on Brucellosis in the Russian Federation in 2018 and Forecast for 2019

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Ponomarenko ◽  
E. B. Ezhlova ◽  
D. V. Rusanova ◽  
A. A. Khachaturova ◽  
N. D. Pakskina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Siberian Federal District ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

Presented is the analysis of brucellosis incidence among humans and animals in the Russian Federation in 2018. Epizootiological situation in the regions of developed animal husbandry remains reasonably tense. In 2018, as in previous years, the foci of bovine cattle and small ruminant brucellosis were registered in the North Caucasian, Southern Federal Districts, Volga and Siberian Federal Districts, the share of which made up to more than 90% of all registered in Russia potentially hazardous as regards brucellosis areas and cases of the disease in animals. Against the background of long-term unfavorable epizootic condition, the incidence of brucellosis over the past three years was, on average, 14 % lower than the average long-term indicators. The greatest number of cases (94.1 % of the overall Russian incidence) is registered in the administrative subjects of the North Caucasus Federal District, Southern Federal District and Siberian Federal District, which have the maximum levels of brucellosis incidence in cattle (88.9 %) and small ruminants (95 %). In 2019, persistence of epidemiological problems in regard to brucellosis in the subjects of the North Caucasus Federal District (primarily the Republic of Dagestan, Stavropol Territory), the Southern Federal District (the Republic of Kalmykia, Volgograd and Astrakhan Regions), and the Siberian Federal District (the Tuva Republic, the Omsk and Tyumen Regions) is predicted. The number of human cases of brucellosis may be within the range of 290–310 cases (intensive incidence rate per 100 thousand population – 0.21).

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