scholarly journals La Liberalización (extrema) del Sistema de Protección Social Mexicano

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Ilán Bizberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
Security System ◽  
Protection System ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Politica Publica ◽  
Public Policy Decisions

ResumenEn este trabajo analizamos la transformación del sistema de protección social mexicano del corporativismo al asistencialismo, de un sistema construido sobre la base de un intercambio corporativo con las organizaciones sociales que eran la fundamento del PRI a otro en el que los pobres se han convertido en la fuente del poder político. Por otra parte, se pasó de un sistema de seguridad social basado en derechos adquiridos a otro en el que el sistema de seguridad social depende cada vez más de decisiones de política pública. Está dividido en cuatro partes: en la primera, hacemos un breve recuento histórico del sistema corporativo; en la segunda, analizamos las reformas al sistema de pensiones; en la tercera, las reformas al sistema de asistencia a los pobres; y en la cuarta, las reformas al sistema de salud.Palabras clave: Sistema de seguridad social; corporativismo; asistencia; salud, pensiones, México ***The (extreme) Liberalization of the Mexican Social Protection System.AbstractIn this paper we analyze the transformation of the Mexican social protection system from corporatism to assistance, from a system built on the basis of a corporatist exchange with the social organizations that were the foundation of the PRI to another in which the poor have become the source of political power. On the other hand, it has moved from a social security system based on acquired rights to another one in which the social security system increasingly depends on public policy decisions. It is divided into four parts: in the first, we make a brief historical account of the corporatist social protection system; In the second, we analyze the reforms to the pension system; In the third, the shift form corporatism to assistance to the poor; And in the fourth, the reforms of the health system.Keywords: Social security system, corporatism, assistance; health, pensions, Mexico. ***A Liberalização (extremo) do Sistema de Proteção Social MexicanoResumoNesse trabalho analisamos a transformação do sistema de proteção social mexicano do corporativismo ao assistencialismo, de um sistema construído sobre a base de um intercambio corporativo com as organizações sociais que eram o fundamento do PRI a outro no qual os pobres tem-se convertido na fonte do poder político. Por outra parte, passou-se de um sistema de seguridade social baseado em direitos adquiridos a outro onde o sistema de seguridade social depende cada vez mais das decisões de política pública. Está divido em quatro partes: na primeira fazemos um breve recorrido histórico do sistema corporativo; na segunda, analisamos as reformas ao sistema de pensões, na terceira, as reformas ao sistema de assistência aos pobres e na quarta, as reformas a sistema de saúde.Palavras chaves: Sistema de seguridade social; corporativismo, assistência, saúde, pensões, México. 

scholarly journals Construction of a Sustainable Social Security System in Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Roman Garbiec
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
Security System ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sustainable System ◽  
Economic Equity

The paper is about the construction of a sustainable social security system in Poland which is an attempt to define the types of changes that are required for the improvement of this system at the beginning of the 21st century. Optimization of the system should be understood as economic equity and obligatory application of axioms of commonship and unification. In order to construct a valid social security system, it is necessary to define the following factors: a catalog of social risks, a method of benefit funding and parameters of the benefits to be paid. Any structurally and financially sustainable system must be designed so that all its elements are compatible both with social risks that are protected in the system and with the elements of the social security system. The paper presents the Polish social protection system together with the social security system, the risks that are protected in the social insurances and a concept of changes that should be made to optimize the social security system.

scholarly journals Renta básica y Constitución en el Estado Social alemán (De la renta básica universal a la renta básica colectiva)

2019 ◽  
pp. 201-242
Author(s):  
Janire MIMENTZA MARTIN
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Reform ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Security System ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
Subsistence Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
Welfare Systems ◽  
Precarious Jobs

LABURPENA: Gaur egun, enplegu prekarioek ez dute gutxieneko bizitza ziurtatzen, eta etorkizunerako «lana amaitzea» aurreikusten da. Gainera, ongizate sistemen akatsen eta mugen aurrean, beharrezkoa da gizarte-babeserako sistema berraztertzea: oinarrizko errenta unibertsala aukera popularrena dela dirudi. Oinarrizko errenta gizarte-erreformaren ideiarekin bat etortzen den arren, ikerketa honen pertzepzioak aurrerapen txikien politika gidatu behar dela ezartzea du, azken batean, Gizarte Segurantzako sistema bateratze partzial bat lortuz, eta ez bera desegitea. Gaur egun, ezaugarri hauei dagozkien adibideak daude, gizarteko talde zehatzetarako (esate baterako, alemaniar adingabekoei) oinarrizko errenta bat ematen zaie. Zalantzarik gabe, adibide hau aurrerapauso handi bat da, pentsioetan belaunaldien banaketaren sistema eredua jarraitzen duten ordenamendu guztien eredu —beraien artean espainola— izan daitekeelako. ABSTRACT: At present, the precarious jobs do not assure the subsistence level, and the future forecasts «the end of work». In addition, because of the defects and limits of the welfare systems, a rethinking of the social protection system is necessary: universal basic income seems to be the most popular option. Although the basic income is usually based on the idea of social reform, the perception of this study is that its implementation should be guided by a policy of small advances, which ultimately make possible a partial reform of the Social Security system, not its dismantling. There are currently examples with these characteristics, for specific groups (e.g. minors in Germany) to which a basic income is being granted. Without a doubt, it is a big step in that direction, which can serve as a model to be followed by all legal systems —among them Spanish one— that follow a system of generational distribution (pay-as-you-go system) in pensions. RESUMEN: En la actualidad, los empleos precarios no aseguran el mínimo vital, y para el futuro se pronostica el «fin del trabajo». Además, ante los defectos y límites de los sistemas asistenciales es necesario un replanteamiento del sistema de protección social: la renta básica universal parece ser la opción más popular. Aunque normalmente la RB se basa en la idea de una reforma social, la percepción de este estudio es que su implementación debe ir dirigida por una política de pequeños avances, que al final posibiliten una reforma parcial del sistema de Seguridad Social, no su desmantelamiento. Existen en la actualidad ejemplos con estas características, para colectivos específicos (ej. menores en Alemania) a los que —en la práctica— se les está otorgando una RB. Sin duda, es un gran paso en esa dirección, que puede servir como modelo a seguir por los ordenamientos jurídicos —entre ellos el español— que siguen un sistema de reparto generacional en pensiones.

scholarly journals The social security reform process in Italy: where do we stand?

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
AGAR BRUGIAVINI ◽  
VINCENZO GALASSO
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Security System ◽  
The Political ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Social

A reform process is underway in Italy. Achieving financial sustainability of the social security system has been the first objective characterizing the reforms of 1990s, but these have also introduced rules which aim at a more actuarially fair system. Indeed the social security system prevailing in Italy, financed on a PAYG basis, was, at the end of the 1980s, clearly unsustainable and also extremely unfair to some group of workers, enacting a form of perverse redistribution which is typical of ‘final salary’ defined benefit systems. It was also a system characterized by strong incentives to retire early.In this paper we briefly describe the different regimes of the Italian pension system in its recent history and focus on some aspects of the reform process taking place during the 1990s. Since economists and policy makers are still struggling to assess the results and the long-term effects of these reforms we provide both a survey of this debate and some fresh evidence on the evaluation of the policy changes. We carry out this analysis with a particular emphasis on two aspects which are relevant in the debate. On the one hand we stress the role of economic incentives and the overall fiscal implications of changing the systems as well as these incentives. On the other hand we emphasize the intergenerational considerations and the political implications of the ageing process of the Italian population. From our description it emerges that the overall design of the Italian reform is probably a good one, and yet some more steps need to be taken to speed up some of the positive effects of the reform process that, due the adverse demographic trends affecting PAYG systems as well as the political arena, could easily evaporate.

scholarly journals REGULATORY AND LEGAL PROVISION OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 280-283
Author(s):  
Inna Molochenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Security System ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Legal Provision ◽  
The Social

One of the main components of a developed state is to ensure human rights and freedoms and decent living conditions. Ensuring social protection of people with disabilities and normal living conditions is one of the main issues today. The article reveals the essence of normative and legal provision of life of people with disabilities in Ukraine. The main legislative documents on social security and protection of people with disabilities were also collected and analyzed. In order to fully outline the real picture of the opportunities that the state provides to people in this category. The purpose of the article: to analyze the legal framework for the livelihood of people with disabilities, to determine the main provisions, purposes and activities. Research methods: during the study, the search for sources of information, relevant legal documents was used. Priority legislative documents regulating the issues of social security of people with disabilities were also analyzed and singled out. The positive and negative aspects of the social security system of life of people with disabilities have been synthesized. The received information is generalized for systematization of the basic provisions concerning social security of people with disabilities. The above material allows us to draw the following conclusions that the legal framework for the protection of people with disabilities is indeed a powerful means of improving their living conditions. It involves solving a large number of problems and issues in the field of social security for people with disabilities. The findings of the study indicate the imperfection of the system of ensuring the livelihood of people with disabilities. The main disadvantage of the system is the lack of comprehensive impact on the lives of people with disabilities. Despite the interrelationships between the regulatory and structural elements of the social security system. This system will be more effective if it works comprehensively, ie in harmony with all structural elements. The legal framework on the subject of research is a fairly extensive system, which includes a number of bylaws, which also requires detailed study, which will be the purpose of further research.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF PENSION SYSTEM REFORMS ON PUBLIC FINANCE EXPENDITURES IN POLAND

2019 ◽  
pp. 145-155
Author(s):  
Anna Owczarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
The State ◽  
Security System ◽  
The Social

The social security system in each country, if it exists, plays a crucial role in supporting citizens and specific expenditures of the public finance system. Its importance in public spending depends on many factors; in particular, on its source and on its form of financing benefits or pensions. The social security system in Poland is composed of a social insurance and welfare system, a health insurance system, unemployment and family benefits, from which are enumerated an old-age pension, invalidity pension, sickness and maternity insurance, insurance against accidents at work and occupational diseases, and health insurance. The Polish social security system often changes due to implementation of improvements or limits on public spending. The most famous reform took place in 1999 and introduced the largest number of changes in the sphere of pension security. Because the scale of public funds that are passed on to the social security system is very large, pension reforms should are crucial for improving the state of public finances. The aim of the paper is to present changes that took place in the Polish pension system between 1999 and 2017 and how those changes influenced the amount of public expenditures. The study reviews the research hypothesis: frequent changes in the pension system have a negative impact on the state of Polish public finance. The study covers the years 1999-2017, as well as the previous four years before the implementation of the pension reform. Basic research materials used to conduct the research analysis were reports on implementation of the state budget, data prepared by the Social Insurance Institution and the Agricultural Social Insurance Fund as well as statistical data obtained from the Central Statistical Office.

scholarly journals 100 lat systemu pomocy społecznej w Polsce Abstract.

2018 ◽  
pp. 151-170
Author(s):  
Mikołaj Brenk ◽  
Krzysztof Chaczko ◽  
Rafał Pląsek
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
Security System ◽  
System Transformation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church

The goal of this article is to sum up the past hundred years of the social security system in Poland, starting with establishment thereof as Poland regained statehood in 1918. The changes which occurred in that time have been divided into three subsequent stages of the history of the Polish social security system. The first was the Interwar period when efforts were made to establish a social security system in independent Poland, in areas formerly divided between Austria, Prussia and Russia with extreme systems of social security. The next period was the Polish People’s Republic (1944–1989) when the communist authorities dismantled the pre-war social security system based on cooperation between state-owned and social organisations and the Church, replacing it with inefficient structures interested only in selected social groups in need. On the other hand, the third stage, commenced in 1989, of reconstructing social security, at first offered social protection for individuals affected by the system transformation. The last dozen or so years of development of social security is characterised by increasingly visible stimulation of social and economic growth to activate people from the fringes of the society.

scholarly journals Ćwierć wieku reformowania systemu zabezpieczenia społecznego osób niepełnosprawnych w Polsce — wybrane aspekty

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 66-79
Author(s):  
Olga Kowalczyk
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Supported Employment ◽  
Pension System ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
Security System ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Disabled

Quarter-century of reform in the social security system for the disabled in Poland — selected aspectsSocial policy regarding people with disabilities has been transformed over the past 25 years. The greatest change is seen in the social security system for this social group, including the area of jurisprudence and the availability of funding and services. The system of supported employment has also been reformed. This paper analyzes the effects of instruments studying employment, highlights selected aspects of the disability pension system that is expected to be adjusted under the new pension system, and discusses some aspects of long-term care - benefits available to dependent family members. The aim of the article is to try to assess the reforms undertaken in the context of the whole-life situation of people with disabilities.

scholarly journals PERAN DAN MAKNA SUMBANGAN DALAM MASYARAKAT PEDESAAN JAWA

Populasi ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pande Made Kutanegara
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
Cultural Transformation ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Security System ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social

Every society collectively develops a certain system or institution which can be used to solve various problems in their life. The rural Javanese society has developed an activity to assist one another, either in the form of service, goods or money. This kind of activity is a social security system that is very important to them. This activity holds two meanings. First, it is a tool to reduce the burden of others, and the second is it creates and enhances the social solidarity of the group. In this context, helping one another has changed the feeling of insecurity to security among group of people. During a social, economic, and cultural transformation process in the Javanese rural areas, it turns out that this model of assisting one another is not always successful. On the contrary, it has created the feeling of insecurity among groups in society, especially the poor.

scholarly journals Access to Social Protection by Immigrants, Emigrants and Resident Nationals in Ecuador

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-125
Author(s):  
Analía Minteguiaga ◽  
Valerie Carmel
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
Security System ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
The Social ◽  
Informal Labour

AbstractFormal labour and affiliation to Ecuador’s social security system is the main gateway for access to social protection benefits, especially in the case of migrants. However, a large informal labour market and low levels on inclusion in the social security system forces large sectors of society to rely on family and community arrangements for the management of risk and economic uncertainty. The state provides some non-contributory benefits through cash transfer programs but, with the exception of health care, these only cover people living in conditions of extreme poverty. Universal, non-means tested programs are limited to the public health and education systems. Overall, migrants face several obstacles to access social protection benefits. Gaining the right to work legally is mostly reserved for white-collar and highly educated immigrants, excluding impoverished immigrants. Paired to the inability to access labour-related benefits and government programs for the so-called poor, immigrants lack the safety nets provided by extended family and a community setting. Nationals residing abroad have restricted access to social benefits, having access only to the contributory pension system on a voluntary basis. This chapter discusses the social protection system in Ecuador and focuses on eligibility criteria to show the extent of migrants’ access to the social benefits.

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