scholarly journals Occurrence of white spot syndrome virus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in brackishwater shrimp culture systems of Sundarban, West Bengal, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjoy Das ◽  
Tapas Kumar Ghoshal ◽  
Gouranga Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
White Spot Syndrome Virus ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
White Spot Disease ◽  
Culture Systems ◽  
White Spot Syndrome

White spot disease (WSD) and acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) are two important and highly fatal diseases of cultured shrimps. The occurrence of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) was found to be very high in brackishwateraquaculture systems of Sundarban area in West Bengal, with 40.6% of the samples being positive of which 18.75% being positive in the first step PCR. The prevalence of WSSV in traditional and semi-intensive culture systems was foundas 59.3 and 27%, respectively. On the other hand, presence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was detected in 53.1, 55.5 and 75.9% of the shrimp, water and soil samples, respectively. All the isolates of V. parahaemolyticus contained toxR gene as detected by PCR. However, none of the isolates was realised as AHPND causing isolate by PCR. Moreover, tdh gene, which causes gastroenteritis in human beings, was also not detected in any of the isolates. The present study indicated that WSSV is the major cause of crop failure in the brackishwater shrimp culture systems of Sundarban, India. Although,V. parahaemolyticus is highly prevalent in brackishwater shrimp culture systems of Sundarban, strains causing gastroenteritis or AHPND were not detected during the present study.

scholarly journals Genotype Diversity and Spread of White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) in Madagascar (2012–2016)

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1713
Author(s):  
Alain Moïse Onihary ◽  
Iony Manitra Razanajatovo ◽  
Lydia Rabetafika ◽  
Alexandra Bastaraud ◽  
Jean-Michel Heraud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Spot Syndrome Virus ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽  
Culture Industry ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Type I ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
White Spot Disease ◽  
North West ◽  
White Spot Syndrome

White Spot Disease (WSD) caused by the White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) is the most devastating viral disease threatening the shrimp culture industry worldwide, including Madagascar. WDS was first reported on the island in 2012; however, little is known about the circulation of the virus and its genetic diversity. Our study aimed at describing the molecular diversity and the spread of WSSV in the populations of Madagascan crustaceans. Farmed and wild shrimps were collected from various locations in Madagascar from 2012 to 2016 and were tested for WSSV. Amplicons from positive specimens targeting five molecular markers (ORF75, ORF94, ORF125, VR14/15 and VR23/24) were sequenced for genotyping characterizations. Four genotypes were found in Madagascar. The type-I genotype was observed in the south-west of Madagascar in April 2012, causing a disastrous epidemic, then spread to the North-West coast. Type-II strains were detected in October 2012 causing an outbreak in another Penaeus monodon farm. In 2014 and 2015, types II and III were observed in shrimp farms. Finally, in 2016, types II and IV were found in wild species including Fenneropenaeus indicus, Metapenaeus monoceros, Marsupenaeus japonicus and Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Considering the economic importance of the shrimp industry for Madagascar, our study highlights the need to maintain WSSV surveillance to quickly take appropriate countermeasures in case of outbreak and to sustain this industry.

scholarly journals Phycoerythrin from Colaconema sp. Has Immunostimulatory Effects on the Whiteleg Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and Increases Resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus and White Spot Syndrome Virus

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2371
Author(s):  
Po-Tsang Lee ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
Chin-Yi Huang ◽  
Zi-Xuan Liu ◽  
Han-Yang Yeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
White Spot Syndrome Virus ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
White Spot Syndrome ◽  
Whiteleg Shrimp

We investigated whether phycoerythrin (PE), a pigment sourced from marine algae, could act as an immunomodulatory agent in whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). To this end, PE was extracted and purified from a PE-rich macroalgae, Colaconema sp. Our in vitro analysis demonstrated that PE enhanced prophenoloxidase and phagocytosis activity but inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species in hemocytes. Additionally, the PE signal could be detected using an in vivo imaging system after its injection into the ventral sinus of the cephalothorax of whiteleg shrimp. The expression profiles of fourteen immune-related genes were monitored in hemocytes from whiteleg shrimp injected with 0.30 μg of PE per gram of body weight, and crustin, lysozyme, penaiedin 4, and anti-lipopolysaccharide factor showed up-regulated post-stimulation. The induction of immune genes and enhancement of innate immune parameters by PE may explain the higher survival rates for shrimp that received different doses of PE prior to being challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus or white spot syndrome virus compared to controls. Combined, these results show that PE from Colaconema sp. can differentially stimulate the immune response of whiteleg shrimp in vitro and in vivo and could potentially be used as an immunomodulator in shrimp culture.

scholarly journals Identification and Molecular Characterization of a Pellino Protein in Kuruma Prawn (Marsupenaeus Japonicus) in Response to White Spot Syndrome Virus and Vibrio Parahaemolyticus Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1243
Author(s):  
Heqian Zhang ◽  
Wenzhi Cheng ◽  
Jinbin Zheng ◽  
Panpan Wang ◽  
Qinghui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
White Spot Syndrome Virus ◽  
Transcript Level ◽  
Protein Docking ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Marsupenaeus Japonicus ◽  
White Spot Syndrome

Kuruma prawn, Marsupenaeus japonicus, has the third largest annual yield among shrimp species with vital economic significance in China. White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a great threat to the global shrimp farming industry and results in high mortality. Pellino, a highly conserved E3 ubiquitin ligase, has been found to be an important modulator of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways that participate in the innate immune response and ubiquitination. In the present study, the Pellino gene from Marsupenaeus japonicus was identified. A qRT-PCR assay showed the presence of MjPellino in all the tested tissues and revealed that the transcript level of this gene was significantly upregulated in both the gills and hemocytes after challenge with WSSV and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The function of MjPellino was further verified at the protein level. The results of the three-dimensional modeling and protein–protein docking analyses and a GST pull-down assay revealed that the MjPellino protein was able to bind to the WSSV envelope protein VP26. In addition, the knockdown of MjPellino in vivo significantly decreased the expression of MjAMPs. These results suggest that MjPellino might play an important role in the immune response of kuruma prawn.

scholarly journals Use Essential Oil And Power Of Antihelium Tsihanimposa To Eliminate The White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) In Organic Shrimp Culture In Madagascar

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Armand Zafilaza ◽  
Abel Andriantsimahavandy ◽  
Ranjana Hanitra Randrianarivo
Keyword(s):  
White Spot Syndrome Virus ◽  
Vibrio Vulnificus ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
Escherchia Coli ◽  
White Spot Syndrome ◽  
Organic Culture ◽  
Intestinal Enterococci

The organic culture needs special treatment like treatment of the culture water to rid the different types of bacteria. Nosy Lonjo seawater contains bacteria like Coliforms 770 Npp/100ml, Escherchia coli 700 Npp/100ml, Intestinal Enterococci 2433 Npp/100ml and some viruses with Temperature 26 °C, pH 9, Conductivity 550µS/cm, Turbidity 0.9 NTU. Culture water (Seawater from Nosy Lonjo) also contains dissolved oxygen 6mg/l, Salinity 50mg/l, TCA °f, NO3- 1.8mg/l, Hardness 5780 mg/l, Total iron 0mg /l, Ammonium 0mg/l, Sodium 7006 mg/l, Potassium 350 mg/l, Calcium 488 mb/l, Magnesium 1400mg/l, Aluminum 0mg/l, Copper 0.7 mg/l, Lead 0 mg/l and Chloride 348 mg/l. After treatment with zanthoxylum Tsihanimposa oil and powder, the bacteria have almost disappeared as coliform bacteria with a rate of 10 Npp/100ml much lower compared to the EU 250 standard, Escherchia coli 0 Npp/100ml compared to EU 500, Intestinal enterococci 100 Npp/100ml compared to EU 200. Concerning viruses like Vibrio alginolyticus 1Npp/100ml, Vibrio anguilarum 0 Npp/100ml, Vibrio harveyi 0 Npp/100ml, Vibrio parahaemolyticus 1 Npp/100ml, Vibrio vulnificus 0 Npp/100ml and Vbrio salmonica 0 Npp/100ml, the presence in organic culture is almost null. The oil and powder of zanthoxylum Tsihanimposa also affects Pseudomonas aeruginosa 0 Npp/100ml, Flavoctrrium 2 Npp/100ml and Moraxella 1 Npp/100ml. The treatment of WSSV with zanthoxylum Tsihanimposa is a special case in our study, it lasts 90 days. The test is done every 10 days, after 20 days of culture the shrimp mortality is zero until 90 days of culture and the rate WSSV or White Spot Syndrome Virus is 0Npp/100ml.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEJADIAN SERANGAN WHITE SPOT SYNDROME VIRUS (WSSV) DENGAN BEBERAPA PARAMETER KUALITAS AIR PADA BUDI DAYA UDANG WINDU MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM TANDON DAN PROBIOTIK

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Gunarto Gunarto ◽  
Muslimin Muslimin ◽  
Muliani Muliani ◽  
Sahabuddin Sahabuddin
Keyword(s):  
White Spot Syndrome Virus ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Nitrite Concentration ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
Tiger Shrimp ◽  
White Spot Syndrome ◽  
Commercial Probiotics

Munculnya serangan White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) pada udang yang dibudidayakan kemungkinan sebagai akibat menurunnya kualitas lingkungan tambak.  Data diperoleh dari penelitian budi daya udang windu yang dilakukan Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau, Maros menggunakan 8 unit tambak ukuran 500 m2. Tokolan udang windu PL-25 dengan padat tebar 10 dan 20 ekor/m2 ditebar dalam petak tambak tersebut serta penambahan probiotik setiap minggu sebanyak 1 mg/L  berlangsung selama pemeliharaan udang dan tanpa pemberian probiotik sebagai kontrol merupakan perlakuan yang diuji. Masing-masing perlakuan dengan dua ulangan. Setelah penebaran, beberapa petak terserang WSSV dan menyebabkan kematian total yaitu pada hari ke-27, 30, 41, dan 47. Serangan WSSV terus berlanjut selama pemeliharaan udang di tambak berlangsung. Pada petak menggunakan probiotik mempunyai  kecenderungan terserang WSSV lebih lambat daripada yang tidak menggunakan probiotik. Semakin tinggi padat tebar udang windu di tambak, maka semakin rentan terhadap serangan WSSV. Padat tebar 10 ekor/m2 menggunakan probiotik produksinya cenderung lebih baik daripada padat tebar 20 ekor/m2. Peningkatan populasi Vibrio sp., peningkatan konsentrasi nitrit dan tingginya populasi awal Vibrio sp. di air melebihi 103 cfu/mL dan di sedimen 104 cfu/g diduga erat kaitan dengan munculnya serangan WSSV pada udang yang dipelihara di tambak pada penelitian ini.The outbreak of WSSV infection on tiger shrimp culture was thought to be an impact of its pond environmental depletion. The data was obtained from the study of tiger shrimp culture conducted in ponds Research Station of RICA Maros using 8 unit of  brackishwater ponds compartment of 500 m2 each size. The PL-25 were stocked in the ponds at the density of 10 pieces and 20 pieces/m2 and on  the otherhand, ponds also were treated with 1 mg/L commercial probiotics applicated in every week during culture period and no probiotics application as control. Each treatment in two replications. WSSV was infected to the shrimp in the different ponds compartment beginning at 27, 30, 41, and 47 days after stocking and affected total mortality of the shrimp. The WSSV infection was continue distributed to the other ponds compartments consecutively. The shrimp in ponds were applied with probiotics tend to delay infected, in contrary more early infected to the shrimp in pond without probiotics application. The shrimp with higher stocking density likely was easier infected by WSSV. The shrimp production tends to be higher in the shrimp stocking density of 10 pieces/m2 with probiotics application as compared to 20 pieces/m2 without probiotics applications. Increase Vibrio sp. population, enhance nitrite concentration and commenced with high Vibrio sp. population in the water and sediment pond excessive of 103 cfu/mL and 104 cfu/g respectively were presumed as the stimulate of WSSV outbreak in tiger shrimp culture in this research.

Histopathological indices of WSSV infection in target tissues and their correlation with hindgut infections in Penaeus vannamei (Decapoda, Dendrobranchiata)

Crustaceana ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 645-657
Author(s):  
S. Kakoolaki ◽  
M. Afsharnasab
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
White Spot Syndrome Virus ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Tissue Tropism ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Penaeus Vannamei ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
White Spot Syndrome ◽  
B Test

The White Spot Syndrome Virus has already posed a serious threat to industrial shrimp culture for many years. We studied this disease in Penaeus vannamei. A total of 100 specimens was used to evaluate tissue tropism for WSSV. In case of infectious correlations among the tissues, Kendall’s tau-b test showed that there were significant differences () among the target tissues. The rates of frequency for infected target tissues, which should be calculated between 0 and 1, were 0.71, 0.58, 0.61 and 0.12, respectively, for haemolymph, hindgut epithelial cells, cephalothoracic epidermis, and interstitial tissue of the hepatopancreas. Results indicated that 88% of the gills, 98% of the muscles, 97% of haematopoietic nodules and 97% of the hearts were not severely infected, but these rather showed relatively mild infections. It can be suggested that epithelial cells of the gills prevent replication of the virus in the early stage of WSSV infection, whereas meanwhile epithelial cells of the cephalothorax and those of the hindgut, in contrast, boost the replication of WSSV. Additionally, morphological haemocytic evaluation can be applied as an appropriate infectious indicator in the early stage of WSSV disease in farmed P. vannamei.

Protective effect of Aloe vera in Litopenaeus vannamei challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus and white spot syndrome virus

Aquaculture ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 465 ◽  
pp. 60-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Vladimir Trejo-Flores ◽  
Antonio Luna-González ◽  
Píndaro Álvarez-Ruíz ◽  
Ruth Escamilla-Montes ◽  
Viridiana Peraza-Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
White Spot Syndrome Virus ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
White Spot ◽  
White Spot Syndrome
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