scholarly journals THE TECHNICAL AND ECONOMICAL PERFORMANCE OF THE “ABC” TYPE PADDY DRYER

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Sutrisno Sutrisno ◽  
M. Wahyudin ◽  
E. Eko Ananto
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Rice Quality ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Economical Performance

Farmers in the villages always face the same problem of how to reduce the moisture content of paddy harvest during harvest and postharvest time, especially in wet season. At the farm level, the grain quality is poor and alternative drying using kerosene fuel is very costly. The objective of this research was to design and evaluate the technical and economical  performance of drying paddy using an equipment known as "ABC" dryer.  The dryer uses paddy husk as fuel. The research was conducted at Research Institute for Rice over three years (1993/94-1995/96). The result showed that the "ABC" type dryer could reduce the moisture content of 5 tons wet paddy from 22.25% to 15.03% in 9 hours or an average drying rate of 1.05% moisture content per hour, with drying cost of Rp 18<br />kg-1. Reducing the moisture content further to 11.83% needed 16 hours or average drying rate 0.82% hour-1, with drying cost almost doubled (Rp 32 kg-1). These costs are far below that of kerosene drying, i.e., Rp 30 kg-1 and Rp 60 kg-1 to reach moisture content of 15.03% and 11.83%, respectively. Budget analysis showed that the B/C ratio were 1.57 and 1.84 and the IRR are above 41.26% and 47.42% to reach moisture contents<br />of 15.03% and 11.83%, respectively. The break even points of "ABC" dryer were 130 and 60 tons, respectively. The milling test showed that the milling rice from the "ABC" dryer had better recovery (milling rendement) and rice quality (head rice) was higher than that of from sun-drying.

scholarly journals THE TECHNICAL AND ECONOMICAL PERFORMANCE OF THE “ABC” TYPE PADDY DRYER

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Sutrisno Sutrisno ◽  
M. Wahyudin ◽  
E. Eko Ananto
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Rice Quality ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Economical Performance

Farmers in the villages always face the same problem of how to reduce the moisture content of paddy harvest during harvest and postharvest time, especially in wet season. At the farm level, the grain quality is poor and alternative drying using kerosene fuel is very costly. The objective of this research was to design and evaluate the technical and economical  performance of drying paddy using an equipment known as "ABC" dryer.  The dryer uses paddy husk as fuel. The research was conducted at Research Institute for Rice over three years (1993/94-1995/96). The result showed that the "ABC" type dryer could reduce the moisture content of 5 tons wet paddy from 22.25% to 15.03% in 9 hours or an average drying rate of 1.05% moisture content per hour, with drying cost of Rp 18<br />kg-1. Reducing the moisture content further to 11.83% needed 16 hours or average drying rate 0.82% hour-1, with drying cost almost doubled (Rp 32 kg-1). These costs are far below that of kerosene drying, i.e., Rp 30 kg-1 and Rp 60 kg-1 to reach moisture content of 15.03% and 11.83%, respectively. Budget analysis showed that the B/C ratio were 1.57 and 1.84 and the IRR are above 41.26% and 47.42% to reach moisture contents<br />of 15.03% and 11.83%, respectively. The break even points of "ABC" dryer were 130 and 60 tons, respectively. The milling test showed that the milling rice from the "ABC" dryer had better recovery (milling rendement) and rice quality (head rice) was higher than that of from sun-drying.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE OF GRAIN QUALITY AND AROMA OF AROMATIC NEW PLANT TYPE PROMISING RICE LINES

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Angelita Puji Lestari ◽  
Buang Abdullah ◽  
Ahmad Junaedi ◽  
Hajrial Aswidinnoor
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Plant Type ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Cooked Rice ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
High Amylose ◽  
Rice Aroma

Grain quality and aroma are important characteristics of rice that affect consumer acceptance. This research was conducted to study the grain quality and aroma of aromatic new plant type (NPT) promising rice lines. Thirty five lines as well as Ciherang and Sintanur varieties were planted at Bogor and Pusakanagara, West Java in the dry season (DS) 2009 and wet season (WS) 2009. Three methods, i.e. leaf aroma tested with KOH, rice aroma tested in the test tube, and cooked rice aroma test, were used to evaluate the aroma of the lines. The results showed that line B11742-RS*2-3-MR-34-1-2-1 was aromatic identified using different methods. The line had long, slender, and small chalkiness grains, high percentage of head rice, high amylose, and hard texture. Lines IPB 140-F-6, B11249-9C-PN-3-3-2-2-MR-1, and B11955-MR-84-1-4 also had a high aroma score and grain yield. Testing leaf aroma with KOH can be used as early selection method in breeding program for aromatic lines. Lines derived from aromatic parents from highlands of South Sulawesi did not show consistent aroma under three testing methods. Those tested lines had good grain quality, both physical and cooked rice quality.<br /><br /><br />

CRUSHING OF SWATHED STEMS TO IMPROVE FIELD DRYING OF CEREAL CROPS

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-644
Author(s):  
P. A. VERSAVEL ◽  
W. E. MUIR
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Fresh Cut

Spikes severed from the stem and stems crushed just below the attached spike were compared with untreated stems to determine if the drying rate of windrowed cereal crops could be increased. Moisture content of stems and unthreshed spikes were measured while crop material was dried under room conditions. Fresh cut immature and physiologically mature material, and rewetted crop material were examined in the laboratory. The stems of immature field material dried faster when crushed than un-crushed while the attached spikes showed no difference in drying rate. Crushed stems of both fresh and rewetted crop material at high initial moisture contents dried faster than uncrushed stems. Severed spikes dried faster than spikes attached to the stems. Spikes attached to crushed and uncrushed stems showed no difference in drying rate. Crushed stems gained moisture 58% faster than untreated stems. A windrower designed to crush straw stems could reduce straw moisture content significantly and reduce power requirements for the threshing mechanism. The benefit would be reduced or eliminated if rewetting conditions occurred.Key words: Drying, stem crushing, wheat, barley, Triticum aestivum L.

Evaluating Techniques for Rice Grain Quality Using near Infrared Transmission Spectroscopy

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (A) ◽  
pp. A111-A116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoto Shimizu ◽  
Jyunji Katsura ◽  
Takashi Yanagisawa ◽  
Bunji Tezuka ◽  
Yasuyuki Maruyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Infrared Transmission ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Rice Quality ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Apparent Amylose Content

The development of advanced evaluation techniques for rice quality has been a desire of the Japanese rice industry (breeding, distribution and processing). The objective of the present study is to develop novel techniques for evaluating rice grain quality. A reliable determination method for amylose in whole grain rice using near infrared transmission (NIT) is proposed, using Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression analysis. It was suggested from results based on two different validation methods that the PLS models have possibilities for determination of apparent amylose content using NIT spectroscopy. PLS modelling for constituents important in rice quality indicates that reasonably accurate models are attainable for moisture content and protein content in whole grain rice. However our PLS models were not sufficiently accurate for physical rice quality (head rice ratio, apparent density, whiteness) using NIT spectroscopy.

Establishment of Rice Quality Prediction Model for Intermittent Drying

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1355-1363
Author(s):  
Qi Song ◽  
Xinhua Wei
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Intelligent Control ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Rice Quality ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Head Rice Yield ◽  
Rice Drying

HighlightsThis study explored the feasibility of developing an evaluation method for rice quality.A unified quality scale for different drying cycles facilitates evaluation of rice quality after drying.A head rice yield (HRY) prediction model was established that fit well with the actual HRY.The established HRY prediction model can be used as a performance index for optimization of rice drying.Abstract. Intelligent control of the drying process is important to achieve better rice quality. An effective quality evaluation method is the basis for intelligent control of rice drying. To study the effects of intermittent drying on the quality of paddy rice and explore the feasibility of establishing a quality evaluation method, intermittent drying experiments were conducted with variety Nanjing 9108 (Oryza sativa L.). The paddy samples were dried from an initial moisture content of 23.10% to 14% wet basis (w.b.). The paddy samples were initially dried at 60°C to various moisture contents without tempering. These pre-dried samples were then dried using different drying temperatures to obtain specific moisture content reductions, tempered, and then dried again at 60°C to the final moisture content of 14% w.b. without tempering. After drying, the quality parameters of the paddy samples were measured and analyzed. The R2 values of the head rice yield (HRY) prediction model, chalkiness prediction model, and protein prediction model established in this study were 0.75, 0.44, and 0.26, respectively. The HRY prediction model was shown to accurately predict HRY in the intermittent drying experiments. Within the range of the model parameters, the effectiveness of the HRY prediction model was explored by constant-temperature intermittent drying and variable-temperature intermittent drying. The results showed that if the summation of the predicted changes in HRY is large, then the measured HRY will be large. Therefore, the HRY prediction model can be used as a performance index for rolling optimization of the paddy drying process. Keywords: Head rice yield, Intermittent drying, Prediction model, Rice quality.

scholarly journals Quality of second-crop corn according to the period between harvest and drying

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 803-808
Author(s):  
José C. de Andrade ◽  
André L. D. Goneli ◽  
Cesar P. Hartmann Filho ◽  
Thalita M. S. de Azambuja ◽  
Valdenise C. Barboza
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Temporary Storage ◽  
The One ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Corn Grains

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of second-crop corn harvested with different moisture contents as a function of time before drying. The corn grains were harvested with moisture content of 28.5, 22.4, 21 and 19%, and submitted to a temporary storage for ten days, simulating the time between harvesting and drying. Quality was subsequently evaluated every two days, based on the commercial classification of the grains, sanity test and dry bulk density. The results showed that: the increase in moisture content at harvest affects the physical and sanitary quality of second-crop corn, and this effect is aggravated over time; the moisture content of 19% is the one that least affects grain quality during the ten days of temporary storage.

scholarly journals Analysis of Grain Yield and Quality of Rice Aromatic Inpago Unsoed 1

AGRICOLA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Siti Hasdiyanti Ramadhani ◽  
Ni Luh Sri Suryaningsih ◽  
Yosefina Mangera
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Milled Rice ◽  
Rice Quality ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality

The purpose of the study was to determine the quality of the grainand rice are planted, the ricevarieties Inpago Unsoed 1. The research method use dis data collection, namely primary data andsecondary data. Primary data is used for observed in this research about grain moisturecontent,density of grain, foreign bodies, empty grains, grain crackedor broken, after the percentage ofgrain milled head of rice, broken rice, graing roats, grain limestone, yolk broken and milled rice yield.The results showed that during the observation the quality of grain varieties Inpago Unsoed 1 hasmilled at about 13,33% moisture content, grain density of 0,57g/ml, and grain weight is 27,60g/1000grain. The percentage point for the determination quality of head point is 73,49%, broken grainsabout 13,92%, and 12,34% graing roats. The quality of rice milled varieties inpago Unsoed 1 includelow. The lower of rice quality is due to the low of head rice percentage, while the percentage ofbroken grain sand high graing roats. Rice milled yield about 51,23%

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE OF GRAIN QUALITY AND AROMA OF AROMATIC NEW PLANT TYPE PROMISING RICE LINES

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelita Puji Lestari ◽  
Buang Abdullah ◽  
Ahmad Junaedi ◽  
Hajrial Aswidinnoor
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Plant Type ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Cooked Rice ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
High Amylose ◽  
Rice Aroma

Grain quality and aroma are important characteristics of rice that affect consumer acceptance. This research was conducted to study the grain quality and aroma of aromatic new plant type (NPT) promising rice lines. Thirty five lines as well as Ciherang and Sintanur varieties were planted at Bogor and Pusakanagara, West Java in the dry season (DS) 2009 and wet season (WS) 2009. Three methods, i.e. leaf aroma tested with KOH, rice aroma tested in the test tube, and cooked rice aroma test, were used to evaluate the aroma of the lines. The results showed that line B11742-RS*2-3-MR-34-1-2-1 was aromatic identified using different methods. The line had long, slender, and small chalkiness grains, high percentage of head rice, high amylose, and hard texture. Lines IPB 140-F-6, B11249-9C-PN-3-3-2-2-MR-1, and B11955-MR-84-1-4 also had a high aroma score and grain yield. Testing leaf aroma with KOH can be used as early selection method in breeding program for aromatic lines. Lines derived from aromatic parents from highlands of South Sulawesi did not show consistent aroma under three testing methods. Those tested lines had good grain quality, both physical and cooked rice quality.<br /><br /><br />

Relating Rice Grain Quality to Conditions during Sun Drying

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pyseth Meas ◽  
Anthony Henry John Paterson ◽  
Donald J. Cleland ◽  
John E. Bronlund ◽  
John Mawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Quality Metric ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Bed Temperature ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Head Rice Yield ◽  
The Difference

AbstractRice grain conditions within the sun-drying bed predicted by a mathematical model during drying were used to relate drying parameters to the head rice yield (HRY) which is the key rice quality metric. A number of parameters were derived to characterise the mechanisms of grain fissures and breakage postulated in the literature, and the model was used to estimate these parameters. These parameters were then regressed against the HRY experimental data to determine the contributing mechanisms. An increase in bed temperature, the maximum temperature at the top of the bed, the size of the moisture content gradients within a rice grain and the difference from the critical point for drying were all found to negatively affect HRY. By stirring the bed regularly and covering and shading the bed during the hottest parts of the day, HRY can be significantly increased leading to better returns to the farmer.

The Smoulder Stream of Cigarettes / Zur Kenntnis des Glimmstromes von Cigaretten

1965 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Seehofer ◽  
W. Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Spatial Position ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Cigarette Paper ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe phenomenon of the smoulder stream flowing through the cigarette during smouldering and during the puff intervals is demonstrated for the first time and its dependence upon physical conditions is examined. The volume of the smoulder stream can amount up to 180 ml per cigarette. Increasing draw resistance of the cigarette and augmenting moisture content of the tobacco as well as perforation of the cigarette paper have a decreasing effect on volume and velocity of the smoulder stream. The porosity of the cigarette paper has no perceptible influence. The spatial position of the cigarette affects volume and velocity of the smoulder stream. The influence exercised by the smoulder stream on the yields of total condensate, nicotine, phenols, aldehydes, and acroleine when the cigarette tip is open during the puff intervals is determined. When the moisture contents of the tobacco were extremely high, yield decreases reaching 50 % could be observed.

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