METHANE EMISSION FROM PADDY FIELDS AS INFLUENCED BY DIFFERENT WATER REGIMES IN CENTRAL JAVA

The concentration of methane (CH4) in the atmosphere is increasing at 1% per annum and rice fields are one of the sources that contribute to about 10-15% of the atmospheric CH4. One of the options to reduce greenhouse gas emission from rice fields is probably through water management. A field study was conducted to investigate the effects of water management practices on CH4 emission from rice field plots on a silty sand Aeric Tropaquept soil at Research Station for Agricultural Environment Preservation, Jakenan, Central Java, Indonesia, during the dry season of March to June 2002. Four water regimes tested were: (1) 5 cm continuous flooding (CF), (2) 0-1 cm continuous flooding (ST), (3) intermittent irrigation (IR) where plots received continuously 5 cm of flooding with two times of draining at 15-20 and 25-30 days after transplanting (DAT), and (4) pulse irrigation (PI) where plots were watered until 5 cm level and left to dry by itself until the water table reached 30 cm beneath soil surface then watered again. The total CH4 emissions of the four water treatments were 254, 185, 136 and 96 kg CH4 ha-1 for CF, ST, IR and PI, respectively. Methane emission increased during the early growing season, which coincided with the low redox potential of -100 to -150 mV in all treatments. Dry matter weight of straw and filled grain among the water treatments did not show significant differences. Likewise, total grain yield at 14% moisture content was not significantly different among treatments. However, this result should be carefully interpreted because the rice plants in all water treatments were infested by stem borer, which reduced the total grain yield of IR64 between 11% and 16%. This study suggests that intermittent and pulse irrigation practices will be important not only for water use efficiency, but also for CH4 emission reduction.

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SOIL CONTROLLING FACTORS OF METHANE GAS PRODUCTION FROM FLOODED RICE FIELDS IN PATI DISTRICT, CENTRAL JAVA

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.21082/ijas.v3n1.2002.1-11 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

P. Setyanto ◽

Rosenani A.B. ◽

A.K. Makarim ◽

Che Fauziah I. ◽

A. Bidin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Great Influence ◽

Gas Production ◽

Rice Fields ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽

Ch4 Emission ◽

Atmospheric Methane ◽

Production Potential ◽

Central Java ◽

Ch4 Production

Atmospheric methane (CH4) is recognized as one of the most important greenhouse gases. Methane, with some 15-30 times greater infrared-absorbing capability than CO2 on a mass basis, may account for 20% of anticipated global warming. Soils are one of the key factors, which play an important role in CH4 production and emission. However, data on CH4 emission from different soil types and the characteristics affecting CH4 production are lacking when compared to data on agronomic practices. This study was conducted to investigate the potential of CH4 production of selected soils in Java, and determine the limiting factors of CH4 production. The results showed that addition of 1% glucose to the soils led to an increase in CH4 production by more than twelve fold compared to no glucose addition. The CH4 production potential ranged between 3.21 and 112.30 mg CH4 kg-1 soil. The lowest CH4 production potential occurred in brown-grayish Grumosol, while the highest was in dark-gray Grumosol. Chemical and physical properties of the soils have great influence on CH4 production. Stepwise multiple regression analysis of CH4 production and soil characteristics showed that pH and the contents of Fe2O3, MnO2, SO4, and silt in the soil strongly influenced CH4 production. Results of this study can be used for further development of a model on CH4 emission from rice fields.

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SOIL CONTROLLING FACTORS OF METHANE GAS PRODUCTION FROM FLOODED RICE FIELDS IN PATI DISTRICT, CENTRAL JAVA

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.21082/ijas.v3n1.2002.p1-11 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P. Setyanto ◽

Rosenani A.B. ◽

A.K. Makarim ◽

Che Fauziah I. ◽

A. Bidin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Great Influence ◽

Gas Production ◽

Rice Fields ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽

Ch4 Emission ◽

Atmospheric Methane ◽

Production Potential ◽

Central Java ◽

Ch4 Production

Atmospheric methane (CH4) is recognized as one of the most important greenhouse gases. Methane, with some 15-30 times greater infrared-absorbing capability than CO2 on a mass basis, may account for 20% of anticipated global warming. Soils are one of the key factors, which play an important role in CH4 production and emission. However, data on CH4 emission from different soil types and the characteristics affecting CH4 production are lacking when compared to data on agronomic practices. This study was conducted to investigate the potential of CH4 production of selected soils in Java, and determine the limiting factors of CH4 production. The results showed that addition of 1% glucose to the soils led to an increase in CH4 production by more than twelve fold compared to no glucose addition. The CH4 production potential ranged between 3.21 and 112.30 mg CH4 kg-1 soil. The lowest CH4 production potential occurred in brown-grayish Grumosol, while the highest was in dark-gray Grumosol. Chemical and physical properties of the soils have great influence on CH4 production. Stepwise multiple regression analysis of CH4 production and soil characteristics showed that pH and the contents of Fe2O3, MnO2, SO4, and silt in the soil strongly influenced CH4 production. Results of this study can be used for further development of a model on CH4 emission from rice fields.

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Minimal tillage and intermittent flooding farming systems show a potential reduction in the proliferation of Anopheles mosquito larvae in a rice field in Malanville, Northern Benin

Malaria Journal ◽

10.1186/s12936-020-03406-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Innocent Djègbè ◽

Merdie Zinsou ◽

Edia Flavien Dovonou ◽

Geneviève Tchigossou ◽

Murielle Soglo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Malaria Transmission ◽

Management System ◽

Rice Field ◽

Rice Fields ◽

Rice Cultivation ◽

Mosquito Larvae ◽

Water Management System ◽

Deep Tillage ◽

Continuous Flooding

Abstract Background Irrigation systems have been identified as one of the factors promoting malaria disease around agricultural farms in sub-Saharan Africa. However, if improved water management strategy is adopted during rice cultivation, it may help to reduce malaria cases among human population living around rice fields. This study aimed to assess the impact of the different irrigation practices on malaria transmission, as well as to evaluate the water management system that will best mitigate malaria transmission in Malanville, Benin. Methods Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) study was conducted on 104 households staying on and around the rice fields in Malanville. The study focused on the frequency of mosquito bites and preventive measures against malaria as well as soil preparation and rice planting methods. Mosquito larvae density was assessed in different water management system: continuous flooding (CF) or intermittent flooding (IF), deep tillage (DT) or minimal tillage (MT) and normal levelling (NL) or abnormal levelling (AL) in an experimental hut set-up. Larvae were collected using dipping methods and their density was determined. Results Three tillage systems, which include the use of tiller, plow and hoe, were identified on the rice field. Continuous flooding was the only irrigation system used by farmers. Retrospective data from Malanville Health Centre revealed higher malaria cases during rice production season, which was also confirmed by field participants. The density of Anopheles larvae was reduced by 80.8%, 30.8% and 40.7% (P = 0.000) during transplanting, tillering and maturation periods, respectively with intermittent flooding compared to continuous flooding. In addition, a clear reduction of larva density was observed with both intermittent flooding systems applied to minimal tillage (MT + IF + NL) and intermittent flooding applied to deep tillage (DT + IF + AL), showing that intermittent flooding could reduce the abundance of malaria vector in rice fields. Conclusion Recommending intermittent flooding technology for rice cultivation may not only be useful for water management but could also be an intentional strategy to control mosquitoes vector-borne diseases around rice farms.

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Influence of Water Management and Silica Application on Rice Growth and Productivity in Central Java, Indonesia

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v8n12p86 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 86

Author(s):

Adha Fatmah Siregar ◽

Ibrahim Adamy Sipahutar ◽

Husnain Husnain ◽

Heri Wibowo ◽

Kuniaki Sato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Block Design ◽

Rice Cultivation ◽

Blast Disease ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Lodging Resistance ◽

Rice Growth ◽

Central Java ◽

Influence Of Water ◽

Water Treatments

Rice cultivation in our study site at Central Java, Indonesia, is constrained by water scarcity and blast disease problems. A field experiment was thus conducted to evaluate the effect of water management and silicon (Si) application (with 500 kg ha-1 of silica gel) on improving rice growth and productivity and blast disease infection in Jakenan, Central Java. Split plot in randomized complete block design with 4 replications was used. The results showed that two water saving methods, intermittent (IT) and aerobic rice (AR) increased rice yield compared to conventional flooding water management. Further, IT showed better root growth and hence lodging resistance and decreased blast disease infection. IT had higher yield potential compared to AR although the yield of IT and AR were not statistically different. Si application gave significant effect on reducing leaf and neck blast infection and also increased stomata density (p < 0.01) in all water treatments. Si application did not result in increased yield but exhibited potential towards improving rice plant growth and production. Since Si fertilizer was never used in rice cultivation in Indonesia, the study reveals that IT combine with Si application was a suitable management for rice production in dry season in water limited Central Java region.

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Pendugaan Emisi Metana pada Sistem Pengelolaan Tanaman Padi di Kabupaten Minahasa (The Estimation of Methane Emission in The Rice Management System in Minahasa Rregency)

JURNAL BIOS LOGOS ◽

10.35799/jbl.2.1.2012.378 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Susan Marlein Mambu

Keyword(s):

Methane Emission ◽

Rice Fields ◽

Soil Types ◽

Wetland Rice ◽

Calculation Formula ◽

Ch4 Emission ◽

Irrigated Rice ◽

Ch4 Emissions ◽

Ch4 Production ◽

Over Time

AbstrakPemanasan bumi secara global karena emisi gas rumah kaca ke atmosfir yang disebabkan oleh kegiatan manusia, cenderung mengalami peningkatan dari waktu ke waktu. Pertanian padi sawah, khususnya sawah teririgasi juga merupakan penyumbang terbesar gas metana ke atmosfer. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya upaya pengurangan emisi CH4 dari kegiatan budidaya tanaman padi sawah. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui emisi CH4 dari budidaya padi sawah di kabupaten Minahasa, dengan melakukan estimasi emisi CH4 menggunakan model perhitungan formula untuk estimasi emisi CH4 pada padi sawah. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan informasi keberadaan CH4 dan jumlah produksi emisi CH4 dari lahan padi sawah di Kabupaten Minahasa, yang cenderung mengalami peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun (data tahun 2002 – 2010). Peningkatan emisi CH4 dari lahan padi sawah di Kabupaten Minahasa disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor yaitu luas panen, jenis tanah, jenis varietas, jenis pengairan dan kegiatan budidaya lainnya seperti pemupukan dan pemberian bahan organik (jerami).Kata kunci: emisi metana, padi sawahAbstractGlobal warming from greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere that is caused by human activities tends to be increased over time. Fields of wetland rice, particularly irrigated rice, are also the largest contributor to methane gas to the atmosphere. Therefore, CH4 emissions should be reduced from paddy rice cultivation. This research aimed to measure the production of CH4 emission in the wetland rice fields of Minahasa, using a model calculation formula to estimate CH4 emissions in the rice fields. The results informed the existence and the amount of CH4 production resulted from wetland rice fields in Minahasa, which tended to be increased from year to year (data of year 2002 to 2010). The increment of CH4 emission from wetland rice fields in Minahasa was caused by several factors, i.e. the harvested area, soil types, types of variety, types of irrigation and other cultivation activities such as fertilization and providing organic material (straw).Keywords: methane emission, wetland rice

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Methane emission from Indonesian rice fields with special references to the effects of yearly and seasonal variations, rice variety, soil type and water management

Hydrological Processes ◽

10.1002/(sici)1099-1085(19981030)12:13/14<2057::aid-hyp719>3.0.co;2-l ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 12 (13-14) ◽

pp. 2057-2072 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jamalam Lumbanraja ◽

Sutopo Ghani Nugroho ◽

Ainin Niswati ◽

Wayan Sabe Ardjasa ◽

Netera Subadiyasa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Methane Emission ◽

Seasonal Variations ◽

Soil Type ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Rice Fields

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PENGARUH SISTEM PENGELOLAAN AIR DAN VARIETAS TERHADAP HASIL PADI DAN EMISI GAS RUMAH KACA DI LAHAN TADAH HUJAN

JURNAL HUTAN PULAU-PULAU KECIL ◽

10.30598/10.30598/jhppk.2016.1.1.28 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 28

Author(s):

Ali Pramono ◽

Terry Ayu Adriani ◽

Prihasto Setyanto

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Ghg Emissions ◽

N2o Emissions ◽

Research Station ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Closed Chamber ◽

Continuous Flooding ◽

Central Java ◽

Factor Ii ◽

Ch4 And N2o

Rice field is an important role in sustainable national food security, rice production contributes to greenhouse gas emissions significantly, especially methane (Ch4). Some of these efforts to reduce GHG emissions in the paddy field has been done, such as water and fertilizer management, using low methane emission of rice varieties. The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of water management systems and rice varieties on grain yield and GHG emissions. The study was conducted at the Experimental Research Station of IAERI, Pati, Central Java in March to June 2016. The study design was a split plot with the factor I water management (A1 = Flooded 5 cm and A2 = Alternate Wetting and Drying / AWD), factor II rice varieties (V1 = Ciherang, V2 = Inpari 30, V3 = IPB3S), and replicated 3 times. GHG measurement was conducted using a closed chamber. The parameters were observed mainly CH4 and N2O fluxes, Eh and pH, water level surface, plant height and tiller number, grain and yield components. The results showed that the highest grain yields was A2V1 -1 treatment (AWD and Ciherang variety) amounted to 3.26 tons ha . The lowest of CH4 emissions was A2V1 treatment (AWD and Ciherang variety). N2O emissions produced the lowest in treatment A2V3 (AWD and IPB3S variety). The highest of GHG emissions was A1V3 treatment (continuous flooding and IPB3S variety). The lowest of GHG emissions was A2V1 treatment (AWD and Ciherang variety). The lowest emissions index was A2V2 treatment (AWD and Inpari 30 variety). AWD treatment could reduce GHG emissions of Ciherang, Inpari 30 and IPB3S rice varieties by 42%, 46%, and 30% compared to continuous flooding, respectively.

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Case study on effects of water management and rice straw incorporation in rice fields on production, oxidation, and emission of methane during fallow and following rice seasons

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr10117 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 238 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

G. B. Zhang ◽

Y. Ji ◽

J. Ma ◽

H. Xu ◽

Z. C. Cai

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Block Design ◽

Rice Fields ◽

Ch4 Emission ◽

Ch4 Oxidation ◽

Ch4 Production ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Rice Season ◽

Straw Incorporation

To investigate production, oxidation, and emission of methane (CH4) in rice fields during the fallow and following rice seasons as affected by water management and rice straw incorporation in the fallow season, field and incubation experiments were carried out from November 2007 to November 2008. Four treatments, i.e. two water managements (flooded and drained) and two rates of rice straw application (0 and 4.8 t/ha), were laid out in a randomised block design. Results show that obvious CH4 production occurred in flooded fields in the late fallow season; consequently, fallow CH4 emission contributed 9.6–33.1% to the annual total emission. However, emission mainly occurred during the rice season. During the rice season, the mean CH4 production potential in flooded fields was 2.6–3.8 times that in drained fields, making the total CH4 emission 2.1–2.5 times that in drained fields. Rice straw incorporated in flooded fields significantly increased production and emission of CH4 during both the fallow and the following rice seasons (P < 0.05), but in drained fields, no significant effect was observed (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in mean CH4 oxidation potential between the treatments (P > 0.05), indicating that water management and rice straw incorporation in the fallow season have little influence on CH4 oxidation during the fallow and following rice seasons. Based on the findings, water management and rice straw incorporation in the fallow season significantly affected CH4 emission during the fallow and the following rice seasons by influencing CH4 production rather than CH4 oxidation in fields.

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High Phosphorus Acquisition and Allocation Strategy Is Associated with Soybean Seed Yield under Water- and P-Limited Conditions

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11030574 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 574

Author(s):

Yun-Yin Feng ◽

Jin He ◽

Yi Jin ◽

Feng-Min Li

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Water Supply ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Soybean Seed ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Water Regimes ◽

P Acquisition ◽

Application Rates ◽

Soybean Genotypes ◽

Water Treatments

Both water stress and P deficit limit soybean seed yield, but the effects of water regimes and P application rates, their interaction on P status, acquisition, and partitioning, and their roles in yield performance have not been well-studied. Two soybean genotypes (Huangsedadou (HD) and Zhonghuang 30 (ZH)) with contrasting seed yield and root dry weight (DW) were used to investigate the P status, P acquisition, P partitioning, and yield formation under two water regimes (well-watered (WW) and cyclic water stress (WS)) and three P rates (0 (P0), 60 (P60), and 120 (P120) mg P kg−1 dry soil). The results show that increased P and water supply increased the seed yield, shoot and root DW and P concentrations and accumulations in different organs. Cultivar ZH had a significantly higher seed yield than HD at P60 and P120 under WS and at P0 under WW, but a lower seed yield at P60 and P120 under WW. Cultivar ZH had a significantly higher P harvest index and P acquisition efficiency, but a significantly lower shoot and root DW than HD. The interaction between water treatments and P rates had significant effects on leaf and stem P concentration. Cultivar ZH had significantly lower P partitioning to leaves and stems but significantly higher P partitioning to seeds than HD. The seed yield was positively correlated with leaf and seed P accumulations and P acquisition efficiency under WS. We conclude that (1) adequate water supply improved the P mobilization from leaves and stems at maturity, which may have improved the seed yield; and (2) the high P acquisition efficiency is coordination to high P partition to seeds to produce a high seed yield under water- and P-limited conditions.

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