PEMUPUKAN N, P, DAN K SPESIFIK LOKASI PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG

ABSTRACT Fertilizer Recommendation of N, P and K Site-Spesific Location for Maize Cropping in Gowa District, South Sulawesi. Agroecosystem of maize cropping areas in Indonesia is very varied. Site-specific fertilization can improve efficiency and productivity, increase farmer’s income and support sustainability of production system, environmental safety as well as saving energy resources. This research aimed to obtain fertilizer recommendation of N, P, and K for maize in specific location based on agro-ecosystem cropping areas. The research was carried out in Gowa district, South Sulawesi from March to September 2012. A survey method was used to collect data using questions in Nutrient Expert (NE) program forms. Average yield productivity of farmers’ field, yield potential or highest yield, physical and chemical properties of soil, crop management, fertilizers application at each maize cropping area were grouped and simulated using NE program to determine fertilizer dosage. Dosage obtained through NE simulation program then was used to analyze Marginal Rate of Return (MRR). Simulation results were feasible as recommended fertilizer if value of MRR >100%. Results of this research showed that site-specific fertilizer recommendation for maize in lowland of Gowa District were 190-210 kg N, 30-66 kg P2O5, and 33-55 kg K2O per hectare with MRR value at 180-479%, which could increase yield up to 3.3 t/ha; whilst on dryland,the dosage of N, P2O5 and K2O were 90-170 kg, 47-57 kg, 33-63 kg per hectare, respectively with MRR value 180-407%. It increased yield up to 2.7 t/ha. Although the fertilizer recommendations had a higher cost than existing fertilizer application at the farmers level, the gross revenue, income and RC ratio were higher than existing fertilizer application both in lowland and dryland. Recommended fertilizer dosages were able to decrease N fertilizer application in lowland up to 32.3 kg/ha, and on dryland 34.3 kg/ha. However, it also caused the increasing of P application by 35.7 kg and 36.4 kg K2O in lowland, whereas in dryland up to 31.5 kg P2O5/ha and 38.5 kg K2O. The recommendation of site specific fertilizer application is very useful and beneficial to increase maize productivity. Keywords: fertilization, site-specific, cornABSTRAK Agroekosistem pengembangan jagung di Indonesia sangat beragam. Pemupukan spesifik lokasi dapat meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan, produktivitas, pendapatan petani, mendukung keberlanjutan sistem produksi, kelestarian lingkungan, dan penghematan sumberdaya energi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan rekomendasi pemupukan N, P, dan K spesifik lokasi pada tanaman jagung berdasarkan agroekosistem lahan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Gowa, Sulawesi Selatan Maret sampai September 2012. Metode survei digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Data dikumpulkan berdasarkan pertanyaan pada isian program Nutrient Expert (NE). Data rata-rata produktivitas yang diperoleh petani, potensi hasil atau hasil tertinggi yang pernah dicapai, sifat fisik dan kimia tanah, pengelolaan tanaman, pemupukan pada masing-masing sentra pertanaman jagung dikelompokkan dan disimulasikan menggunakan program NE untuk menentukan takaran pupuk. Marginal Rate of Return (MRR) selanjutnya dianalisis

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Evaluation of Blended Fertilizer Formulas under Limed Condition of Acid Soil on Soybean (Glycine max) at Asossa District of Benishal-gul Gumuz Regional State

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science ◽

10.9734/ijpss/2020/v32i1130341 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 18-29

Author(s):

Teriku Legesse ◽

Bakala Anbessa ◽

Dassalegn Temene ◽

Getahun Dereje

Keyword(s):

Yield Components ◽

Acid Soil ◽

Block Design ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Rate Of Return ◽

Net Benefit ◽

Marginal Rate ◽

Exchangeable Acidity ◽

Budget Analysis ◽

Marginal Rate Of Return

Purpose: To evaluate the blended fertilizer formulas types, under unlimed limed condition of Asossa acid soil on soybean in Benishagul Gumuz of Ethiopia. Methods: Two factorial RCB design with three replications was used in the investigation. Five types of blended fertilizer formulas were tested under limed and unlimed condition in Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design. Lime and blended fertilizer types were used as factor. The amount of lime that was applied at each location was calculated on the basis of the exchangeable acidity, bulk density and 15 cm depth of the soil. One mole of exchangeable acidity would be neutralized by an equivalent mole of CaCO3. Accordingly, the amount of lime for this particular activity would be uniformly applied for all plots at 1.5 times of the exchangeable acidity (Equation 1) and incorporated in to the soil a month before seed sowing. Results: The effects of applied lime (CaCO3) and fertilizer types on growth and yield components of soybean were non-significantly (P>0.05) influenced except 100 seed weight, whereas the lime by blended fertilizer types interaction effects were not-significantly (P>0.05) affect all growth and yield components of soybean (Table 2). The highest plant height (71.58 cm) was obtained from NPKSZnB (Formula 5 modified) fertilizer type, however statistically non-significant from the other treatments. Conclusion: The partial budget analysis indicated that, it was not necessarily based on the highest marginal rate of return, rather based on the minimum acceptable marginal rate of return and the treatment with the high net benefit, relatively low variable cost together with an acceptable MRR becomes the tentative recommendation. Therefore we recommend the treatments (100 kg /ha NPSB) that have acceptable marginal rate of return, relatively high net benefit and relatively small total cost of production for soybean production in Asossa zone.

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PERBAIKAN REKOMENDASI PAKET PHT UNTUK PENGENDALIAN HAMA Helicoverpa armigera Hbn. PADA TANAMAN KAPAS

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v9n2.2003.63-69 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 63

Author(s):

SKI HADIYANI ◽

DA SUNARTO ◽

A. A A. GOTHAMA ◽

S. A. WAHYUNI

Keyword(s):

Gossypium Hirsutum ◽

Helicoverpa Armigera ◽

Rate Of Return ◽

Research Station ◽

Neem Seed ◽

Marginal Rate ◽

Action Threshold ◽

Helicoverpa Armígera ◽

Marginal Rate Of Return ◽

Nuclear Polyhedrosis

Rekomendasi pengendalian hama terpadu (PUT) hama utama lanaman kapas, akan tetapi secara tcknis dan ekonomis masih sulit diterapkan oleh petani. Unluk memperbaiki rekomendasi itu maka dikaji efisiensi pemanfaatan parasitoid Trichogrammatoidea armigera N&N. HeUcoverpa armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus (//oNPV). dan insektisida nabati serbuk biji mimba (SBM) terhadap // armigera. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada musim lanam 199899 di kebun Instalasi Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat, Asembagus, Situbondo, Jawa Timur. Rancangan penelitian adalah acak kelompok dengan 6 perlakuan, dan 3 ulangan Ukuran plot adalah 50 m x 50 m Pada rekomendasi standar rakitan komponen PITT, perlakuan yang ditambahkan adalah (1) penyemprotan SBM. (2) pelepasan T. armigera ■ penyemprotan SBM, (3) pelepasan '/'. armigera ' penyemprotan insektisida kimia, (4) penyemprotan faNPV I penyemprotan insektisida kimia. (5) penyemprotan insektisida kimia, dan (6) lanpa perlakuan (kontrol). Penyemprotan SUM, //oNPV, dan insektisida kimia dilakukan apabila populasi ulat // armigera mencapai ambang pengendalian (4 tanaman lerinfestasi per 25 tanaman). dan pelepasan 7 armigera dilakukan apabila populasi telur //. armigera mencapai ambang pelepasan (25 telur per 25 tanaman) Penyemprotan SBM, pelepasan T. armigera dan penyemprotan //oNPV dapat ditambahkan pada rekomendasi standar rakitan komponen PHT. Penambahan penyemprotan SBM pada rekomendasi standar rakitan komponen PITT adalah paling cisien diantara tiga komponen PITT yang ditambahkan, memberikan eisiensi (Marginal Regional Rate of Return. MRR) scbasar 3.64 dengan produktivitas kapas berbiji 1 562 kgha (meningkatkan 392 kg atau 25%) dan biaya penyemprotan Rp 172 267 (menurun Rp 259 883 atau 60%).Kata Kunci : Azadirachla tndica A. Juss, Trichogrammatoidea armigera N&N, WoNPV, HeUcoverpa armigera Hbn . PITT, Gossypium hirsutum I. ABSTRACT Improved 1PM recomendation package for controlling Helicoverpa armigera Hbn. on cotonAn experimcnl on Ihe use of IPM components for controlling HeUcoverpa armigera Hbn. as ihe pests of cotton was conducted in Asembagus Research Station during cotton planting season 1998/99 Ihe objective of this experiment was to assess the usefulness of Trichogrammatoidea armigera N&N., //oNPV, and botanical insecticide (neem seed powder) in improving the IPM recommendation package, so that it can be adopted by farmers This experiment was arranged in randomized blok design with 6 treatments and 3 replicates. Ihe size of each plot was 50 m X 50 m Ihe treatments comprise: (1) neem spray; (2) T. armigera release neem spray; (3) T. armigera release i insecticide spray; (4) //(A'I'V spray I chemical. (5) chemical; and (6) control (unlrcatment) were added lo the standar IPM recommendation package. Neem, /YoNPV, and chemical spray was done whenever population of H. armigera larvae reached action threshold (4 infected plants 25 plants) and release of T. armigera was done whenever population of H. armigera eggs reached "release threshold" (25 cggs/25 plants) Neem seed powder spray, T. armigera release, and //oNPV spray could be added to (he standar IPM recomendation package. Ihe most efficient among this three components was neem seed powder spray. Which gives eicjency Marginal Rate of Return (MRR) 3 64, cotton seed productivity I 562 kgha (increase 392 kg or 25%) and spraying cost Rp 172 267 (decrease Rp 259 883 or 60%).Key words: Azadirachla indica A. Juss., Trichogrammatoidea armigera N&N, 7/aNPV, Helicoverpa armigera Hbn , IPM, Gossypium hirsutum I.

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Sunola response to nitrogen fertilization

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps96-131 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 76 (4) ◽

pp. 783-789 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

H. J. Beckie ◽

S. A. Brandt

Keyword(s):

Field Experiments ◽

Black Soil ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Rate Of Return ◽

N Leaching ◽

Marginal Rate ◽

Brown Soil ◽

Nitrate N ◽

Soil Site ◽

Marginal Rate Of Return

The response of sunola (Helianthus annuus L. 'AC Sierra') to nitrogen (N) fertilization under conventional and direct seeding tillage systems was examined in field experiments at sites in the semiarid Dark Brown and subhumid Black soil climatic zones over a 2-yr period of normal to above-normal growing season precipitation. Urea-N fertilizer was banded at the time of seeding at varying rates to a maximum of 150 kg N ha−1. Tillage treatment did not influence sunola response to N fertilization. Sunola seed yield responded greater to fertilization at the Black soil site compared with the Dark Brown soil site in both years. Sunola harvest indices were comparable across sites and years, ranging from 0.10 to 0.18. Seed oil concentration averaged about 4% higher at the Black compared with the Dark Brown soil site, and responded to fertilization differently between locations. Sunola water use efficiency was markedly higher in 1994 than in 1993 at both sites, primarily due to lower water consumption by the crop. Fertilizer recommendations can be based on a desired yield goal or marginal rate of return. A minimum acceptable marginal rate of return of 1, 1.5 and 2 times the cost of the fertilizer, indicated that fertilizer N plus soil nitrate-N levels of greater than 94, 66 and 38 kg N ha−1, respectively, were uneconomical at Scott; respective rates at Melfort were 183, 174 and 154 kg N ha−1. However, fertilizer rates in excess of 100 kg N ha−1 in the Black soil climatic zone can result in potentially high levels of residual nitrate-N in the soil profile, and thus have greater potential for N leaching and denitrification losses. Key words:Helianthus annuus L., nitrogen

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The Joint Determination of Marginal Rate of Return and Interest Adjusted Cost for Whole Life Insurance

Management Science ◽

10.1287/mnsc.29.5.610 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 610-621 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Harold J. Schleef

Keyword(s):

Life Insurance ◽

Rate Of Return ◽

Marginal Rate ◽

Adjusted Cost ◽

Joint Determination ◽

Marginal Rate Of Return

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Faba bean gall (Olipidium viciae Kusano) disease management using fungicides in North Shewa, Highlands of Ethiopia

10.53771/ijlsra.2021.1.1.0011 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 001-005

Author(s):

Belachew Bekele Tiruneh ◽

Sisay Argaye Bereda

Keyword(s):

Disease Management ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Faba Bean ◽

Hot Spot ◽

Block Design ◽

Rate Of Return ◽

Marginal Rate ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Marginal Rate Of Return

Faba bean gall becomes the worst problem for the crop production. The diseases can cause up to complete crop failure. Studies showed that, applications of some fungicides and seed dressings have certain effects of reducing faba bean gall diseases and increases yield. Thus, the study aims to select best effective and economical fungicide for faba bean gall disease management. The experiment was conducted at farmers’ field on hot spot areas to manage the disease using fungicides in 2019/20 cropping season. Randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Nativo SC 300, Eminant star, Rex-Dou and Mancozeb 80 WP fungicides were applied as manufacturers’ recommendations. Significant difference between plots in plant height, disease severity, area under disease progress curve, grain yield and thousand kernel weights were recorded. The highest (46.67%) disease score were recorded in control plots followed by Rex-Dou (40.0%) sprayed plots. Whereas the lowest, disease severity (15.11%) were recorded from Eminant star sprayed plots. The highest grain yield was recorded in Eminant star (3.08 ton ha-1) sprayed plot followed by Nativo Sc 300 (3.01 ton ha-1) and Mancozeb 80 WP (2.54 ton ha-1) sprayed plots respectively. Eminant star sprayed plots also gave the highest economic benefit ETB (102770.0) and marginal rate of return (1678.46) followed by Nativo Sc 300 with net benefit of ETB (99190.0) and a marginal rate of return (925.40) were received. Pod per plant was not showed significant difference between plots.

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Field Performance And Economic Analysis Of Some Commonly Used Insecticides Against Tea Mosquito Bug, Helopeltis Theivora W.

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.3329/bjar.v36i3.9273 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 449-454 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M Ahmed ◽

SK Paul ◽

MSA Mamun

Keyword(s):

Economic Analysis ◽

Field Performance ◽

Rate Of Return ◽

Yield Response ◽

Marginal Rate ◽

Net Return ◽

Helopeltis Theivora ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Tea Mosquito Bug ◽

Marginal Rate Of Return

A study was undertaken to evaluate the field performance and economic analysis of some commonly used insecticides against Tea mosquito bug, Helopeltis theivora Waterhouse at Bangladesh Tea Research Institute (BTRI), Srimangal, Moulvibazar. Six different insecticides–Thiodan 35EC (Endosulfan), Ripcord 10EC (Cypermethrin), Decis 2.5EC (Deltamethrin), Dimethion 40EC (Dimethoate), Metasystox 25EC (Oxydemeton), and Malathion 57EC (Malathion) were applied in the plots as recommended dose of BTRI. The shoot infestation reduction as well as yield response of all the insecticides treated plots were superior over the control but there was no significant difference among the insecticidal treatments. Better field performance against Helopeltis was found in Malathion 57 EC treated plots in respect to shoot infestation reduction over control (87.09%). Per hectare yield (1910.33 kg) as well as per hectare net return (Tk. 300927.80) were also higher in Malathion 57EC treated plots. The highest marginal rate of return (2580.57%) was obtained by spraying Metasystox 25EC over control followed by Ripcord IOEC (1710.87%) and other insecticides. The most economically acceptable insecticide against tea mosquito bug was Metasystox. Keywords: Field performance; economic analysis; insecticides; tea; Helopeltis theivora. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i3.9273 BJAR 2011; 36(3): 449-454

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Development of fertilizer recommendation for the cropping pattern potato-boro-T. aman in irrigated medium highland condition under AEZ -9

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.3329/bjar.v34i1.5751 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 41-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

MR Ali ◽

DJ Costa ◽

MA Sayed ◽

MAH Khan ◽

JA Abedin

Keyword(s):

Farming System ◽

High Yield ◽

Variable Cost ◽

Soil Test ◽

Cropping Pattern ◽

Marginal Rate ◽

Floodplain Soil ◽

Fertilizer Recommendation ◽

Marginal Rate Of Return ◽

Organic And Inorganic Fertilizers

The experiment was carried out in the Old Brahmaputra Floodplain soil at the farmer's field of Farming System Research and Development (FSRD) site, Kushumhati, Sherpur under Sherpur district in the medium high land under AEZ-9 for the three consecutive years 2003-06 to determine economic combined dose of organic and inorganic fertilizers for Potato-Boro-T.aman cropping pattern. Six treatment management packages including one farmer's practices, and one fertilizer control were tested. The other four treatments were soil test based (STB) fertilizer dose for moderate and high yield goals (MYG and HYG), STB based fertilizer dose for HYG plus 5 t/ha cowdung (IPNS) and fertilizer dose for Fertilizer Recommendation Guide'97 (FRG '97). Average of three years' results showed that recommended fertilizer dose based on the FRG '97 was more economic than all other fertilizer doses for the whole pattern. But the treatment Integrated Plant Nutrition Systems based on fertilizer management with cowdung for high yield goal produced the maximum grain and straw yields in the first crop. Application of cowdung had no significant effect on the yield of succeeding crops. The variable cost was higher for the treatment consisting of cowdung due to additional cost of cowdung. The highest marginal rate of return 1626% was obtained from recommended fertilizer based on the FRG '97.Key Words: Balanced fertilization; cropping pattern; yield; economicsDOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i1.5751Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(1) : 41-49, March 2009

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EFISIENSI PENGENDALIAN PENGGEREK BUAH KAPAS Helicoverpa armigera HÜBNER DENGAN SERBUK BIJI MIMBA DAN NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS VIRUS

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v12n2.2006.45-51 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 45

Author(s):

I G.A.A. INDRAYANI ◽

DWI WINARNO ◽

TEGER BASUKI BASUKI

Keyword(s):

Helicoverpa Armigera ◽

Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽

Rate Of Return ◽

Recommended Dose ◽

Neem Seed ◽

Marginal Rate ◽

Helicoverpa Armígera ◽

Marginal Rate Of Return ◽

Polyhedrosis Virus ◽

Nuclear Polyhedrosis

ABSTRAK Pengendalian hama non-kimiawi semakin meningkat sehingga mengurangi penggunaan insektisida kimia. Alternatif pengendalian hama menggunakan pestisida botani dan agensia mikrobia cukup efektif mengendalikan penggerek buah kapas H. armigera. Penelitian efisiensi pengendalian penggerek buah kapas H. armigera dengan SBM dan NPV dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat di Asembagus, Situbondo, Jawa Timur mulai Januari hingga Desember 2003. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat efisiensi pengendalian penggerek buah kapas H. armigera terutama dengan kombinasi SBM dan NPV. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah: (1) SBM(LC 25 )+NPV(LC 50 ), (2) SBM(LC 50 )+NPV(LC 50 ), (3) SBM (dosis rekomendasi), (4) NPV (dosis rekomendasi), (5) betasiflutrin (dosis rekomendasi), dan (6) kontrol (tanpa perlakuan). Setiap perlakuan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi populasi ulat H. armigera dan kompleks predatornya, frekuensi penyemprotan masing-masing perlakuan, kerusakan kuncup bunga dan buah kapas, biaya pengendalian hama, pendapatan, marginal rate of return (MRR), dan hasil kapas serta kacang hijau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengendalian H. armigera dengan kombinasi perlakuan SBM(LC 50 )+NPV(LC 50 ) lebih efisien menurunkan biaya pengendalian hama hingga 63,4% dan meningkatkan pendapatan sebesar 32,7% dibanding insektisida kimia betasiflutrin, dengan nilai MRR 4,66 dan 4,28 masing-masing atas kontrol dan insektisida kimia. Kata kunci: Kapas, Gossypium hirsutum, hama, penggerek buah, Helicoverpa armigera, SBM, NPV, pengendalian hama, marginal rate of return, Jawa Timur ABSTRACT Efficiency in cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera Hübner control using neem seed powder and nuclear polyhedrosis virus Insect pest biological control potentially decreases the use of chemical insecticides. The alternative control method chosen was combination of botanical and microbial agents that showed higher effectiveness against H. armigera. This control method might also potential to minimize the use of chemical pesticide on cotton. Study on efficiency of cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera Hübner control using neem seed powder (NSP) and nuclear polyhedrosis virus was conducted at Asembagus Experimental Station of Indonesian Tobacco and Fiber Crops Research Institute, Situbondo, East Java, from January to December 2003. The objective of this study was to find out the efficiency level of cotton bollworm control using combination of neem seed powder (NSP) and nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV). The treatments were : (1) NSP(LC 25 ) + NPV(LC 50 ), (2) NSP(LC 50 ) + NPV(LC 50 ), (3) NSP (recommended dose), (4) NPV (recommended dose), (5) betacyfluthrin (recommended dose), and (6) control (untreated). The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Parameters observed were population of H. armigera larvae and its complex predators, frequency of spraying, square and boll damage, cost of control, net income, marginal rate of return, and yield of seed cotton and mungbean. The research results showed that the combination of NSP(LC 50 )+NPV(LC 50 ) effectively reduced the total cost of insect control by 63.4% and increased the increase 32.7% compared to betacyfluthrin. The combination also showed the highest marginal rate of return of 4.66 and 4.28 based on control and betacyfluthrin, respectively. Key words: Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum, insect, cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, NSP, NPV, insect control, marginal rate of return, East Java

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Performance of an organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of rice

Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.3329/dujbs.v23i2.20097 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 173-178

Author(s):

MA Aziz ◽

MS Hossain ◽

MJ Uddin

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Good Combination ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Rate Of Return ◽

Soil Test ◽

Net Benefit ◽

Marginal Rate ◽

Marginal Rate Of Return ◽

Boro Rice

A total of 9 treatments of Northern Jaibo?Sar (NJS) and Northern Bio Fertilizer (NBF) in combination with different proportions of soil test based fertilizer (SBF) together with a control was applied, Northern Shakti was used instead of NBF in Boro season. Maximum net benefit and marginal rate of return was obtained in case of T. Aman and Boro season from treatment T3. On the basis of results, it may be suggested that 50% reduction of chemical fertilizer on STB along with Northern Jaibo?Sar @ 500kg/ha may be a good combination of organic and inorganic fertilizer for sustaining soil fertility and increasing T. Aman and Boro rice. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v23i2.20097 Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 23(2): 173-178, 2014

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EFEKTIVITAS DAN EFISIENSI BEBERAPA TEKNIK PENGENDALIAN HAMA PENGISAP DAUN PADA KAPAS

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v18n2.2012.47-53 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 47

Author(s):

IGAA. INDRAYANI ◽

HERI PRABOWO ◽

SIWI SUMARTINI

Keyword(s):

Mung Bean ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Rate Of Return ◽

Resistant Variety ◽

Economic Threshold ◽

Marginal Rate ◽

Control Techniques ◽

Marginal Rate Of Return ◽

Effectiveness And Efficiency

ABSTRAK Rekomendasi cara pengendalian hama pengisap daun, Amrasca biguttula (ISHIDA) pada tanaman kapas masih mengandalkan penggunaan kombinasi varietas tahan dan perlakuan benih dengan insektisida kimia sistemik imidakloprid. Namun, tidak jarang petani melakukan penyemprotan insektisida kimia pada kanopi tanaman yang juga dapat membunuh serangga berguna, termasuk musuh alami. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui keefektifan teknik pengendalian A. biguttula pada kapas menggunakan varietas dan insektisida. Penelitian dilakukan di KP Asembagus mulai Januari sampai dengan Nopember 2010. Perlakuan petak utama, yaitu teknik pengendalian: (1) perlakuan benih dengan imidakloprid (PB), (2) tanpa perlakuan benih maupun penyemprotan kanopi tanaman atau kontrol (TPB), (3) perlakuan benih + penyemprotan kanopi (PBS), dan (4) penyemprotan kanopi (S). Perlakuan anak petak adalah tiga galur/varietas kapas, yaitu: (1) galur 98050/9/2/4, (2) KI 645, dan (3) Kanesia 10. Pola tanam yang diterapkan adalah tumpangsari kapas dan kacang hijau yang ditanam di antara baris kapas. Setiap perlakuan disusun dalam rancangan petak terbagi dengan tiga kali ulangan. Ukuran anak petak adalah 10 m x 15 m. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap (1) populasi nimfa A. biguttula dan predatornya, (2) frekuensi pencapaian populasi ambang ekonomi, (3) skor kerusakan tanaman kapas, (4) hasil kapas berbiji dan kacang hijau, dan (5) analisis ekonomi perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap teknik pengendalian yang diuji berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan populasi A. biguttula dan predatornya. Rata-rata pencapaian populasi ambang ekonomi pada perlakuan benih (PB) dan kontrol lebih rendah (0,5–2 kali) dibandingkan dengan kombinasi perlakuan benih dan penyemprotan kanopi (PBS) serta penyemprotan kanopi saja (S) yang mencapai 3–4 kali. Pada galur/varietas kapas yang diuji, pencapaian populasi ambang ekonomi paling rendah terjadi pada galur 98050/9/2/4, diikuti oleh Kanesia 10 dan KI 645. Perlakuan benih saja (PB) selain menurunkan populasi A. biguttula dan tidak menurunkan populasi predator, juga lebih efisien dibanding perlakuan lainnya dengan nilai marginal rate of return 1,38 dan peningkatan bersih 14,3%. Makna dari hasil yang diperoleh adalah pengendalian A. biguttula pada kapas dengan cara menyemprot kanopi lebih baik dihindari apabila benih masih dapat diperlakukan, sedapat mungkin dikombinasikan dengan penggunaan varietas tahan/toleran. Kata kunci : Amrasca biguttula, imidakloprid, ambang ekonomi, galur/ varietas, kapas, predator, marginal rate of return (MRR)ABSTRACT Effectiveness and Efficiency of Different Control Techniques of Cotton Jassid, Amrasca biguttula Recommendation for controlling jassid (A. biguttula) of cotton still relies on the use of combination of resistant variety and seed treatment (imidachloprid). Farmers, however, often spray chemical insecticides over plant canopy that also kill beneficial insects, including natural enemies. This study was conducted at Asembagus Experimental Station from January to November 2010. The objective of the study was to find out the effectiveness and efficiency of control techniques against cotton jassid, A. biguttula. This field study consisted of two factors. First factor consisted of three different control techniques i.e. (1) seed treatment (PB), (2) without seed treatment and foliar application or control (TPB), (3) combination between seed treatment and foliar application (PBS), and (4) foliar application alone (S). Second factor consisted of three cotton varieties, e.g. 98050/9/2/4, KI 645, and Kanesia 10. Treatments were arranged in a split plot design with three replicates. Cotton intercropped with mung bean planted in between cotton rows. Population of A. biguttula and its predator, economic threshold achievement, score of plant injury, yields of cotton and mung bean were observed. Economic analysis of the treatments was evaluated at the end of the experiment. Results showed that each control techniques caused different effect on jassid and its predator development. The average of economic threshold achievement in seed treatment application (PB) and control (TPB) were lower (0.5-2.0 times) compared to combination between seed treatment and foliar sprayed (PBS), also only foliar sprayed (3-4 times). Averaged of economic threshold achievement on 98050/9/2/4 line was the lowest, followed by Kanesia 10 and KI 645. Application of seed treatment (PB) not only reduced jassid population but also less effective on predator population. It was more efficient than other treatments with marginal rate 1.38 and did increase net income by 14.3%. It means that foliar sprays to control A. biguttula on cotton should be ignored, if applying seed treatment and resistant/tolerant varieties. Key words: Amrasca biguttula, imidachloprid, economic threshold, cotton cultivar/variety, predator, marginal rate of return (MRR)

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