scholarly journals Are We Passing on Violence to the Next Generation?: Gender Norms and Gender-based Violence Attitudes among Early Adolescents in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Gusti Agung Agus Mahendra ◽  
Anggriyani Wahyu Pinandari ◽  
Ifta Choiriyah ◽  
Siswanto Agus Wilopo
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

Intensification of gender norms during puberty affects adolescents’ perceptions and behavior related to violence. This study examined the association between gender norms and gender-based violence (GBV) among early adolescents considering socio-ecological variables using cross-sectional data from 3,618 Indonesian Global Early Adolescent Study pupils. Chi-square tests with simple and multiple logistic regression analyses examined how different factors' levels predict GBV. Among boys, GBV attitudes were found high (53%). Furthermore, they also had high heteronormative expectations, threatened feelings, experiences of violence, porn access, and 5+ adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Logistic regression results revealed that adolescent boys having one or two scores of gender norms at the above-median are 1.3 times more likely to commit GBV and even 2.2 times higher if all were above median [AOR(CI) =1.3(1.1-1.6); 2.2(1.7-2.8)], respectively. Boys, having 5+ ACEs, and stronger endorsement on heteronormative relationships were also more likely to commit GBV [AOR(CI) =1.5(1.3-1.7); 1.5(1.2-1.9); 1.5 (1.3-1.7)], respectively. This research concluded that unequal gender norms intensified during puberty strongly correlate to attitudes towards GBV among early adolescents. Strengthening the individual aspects by providing a more conducive environment, such as comprehensive sexual education at school, is essential to prevent GBV.

scholarly journals PERCEPTION OF WOMEN ON SEXUAL AND GENDER BASED VIOLENCE IN NSUKKA, ENUGU STATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-270
Author(s):  
Oliver Eya ◽  
◽  
Adaoga Obuna ◽  
Grace Odinye ◽  
Christy Obi-Keguna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Violence ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Study Participants

Sexual and gender issues have been a problem in Africa and in Nigeria in particular where females were considered less important than their male counterparts in their families, cooperatives, businesses, academic matters among others. Gender-Based Violence (GBV) is deeply rooted in many cultural and traditional values. It is regarded as a normal attitude, remains hidden and tacitly condoned. It has devastating health impacts on the women, as women are mostly controlled and dominated by their partners in a relationship and must never complain of sexual harassment and in the case of childlessness; the woman must accept it as her fault. This study was located in Nsukka Local Government area of Enugu State. A cross sectional survey of 200 study participants was conducted. The instruments used for data collection were structured 194 questionnaire and6 in-depth interview guide. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), frequency distribution tables and chi-square (χ²) for hypotheses. The findings from the study stated that sexual/psychological, physical violence and preference of male child are the major forms of GBV in Nsukka, Enugu State. Majority of the respondents (55.7%) indicated that Spiritual manipulation and illiteracy/ignorance are the major causes of GBV. The study also concluded and recommended that mass sensitization/awareness, empowerment, advocacy by social workers, through domestication of the Convention to Eliminate All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), will help curb GBV as indicated by 42.7% of the respondents.

scholarly journals Associated factors of sexual and gender based violence among female high school students in Debre  Markos Town, North West Ethiopia: an institutionally based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wassachew Ashebir ◽  
Abiot Ayichew
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
Female High School ◽  
Debre Markos ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background: Sexual and gender based violence (SGBV) continues to be a concern of health, sexual and reproductive rights, sustainable peace and development issue that cuts across boundaries, cultural backgrounds and socio-economic groups to touch individuals of every sort around the world. SGBV remains one of the greatest inequalities of our time that takes life, violates the right they are entitled with, and seriously endangers women and girl’s mental and physical wellbeing, as well as sexual and economical security. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of sexual and gender based violence among female high school students in Debre Markos Town, North West Ethiopia:. Methods: An institutionally based-cross-sectional study was conducted among 309 randomly selected female high school students in Debre Markos Town. Data was collected using self- administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression with odds ratio and 95% confidence interval to identify factors associated with sexual and gender based violence. Statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05.Results: The lifetime prevalence of GBV, sexual violence, and physical violence were found to be 47.0, 23.3, and 39.5%, respectively. The prevalence of sexual violence in the current academic year was 13.2%. Ever drink alcohol (AOR = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.18–0.86), have friends using substances (AOR = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.09–0.82), Grade level (AOR = 3.15; 95% CI: 1.32–7.48), witnessing parental conflict (AOR = 0.29; 95% CI: 0.17–0.52), ever discuss gender related issues (AOR = 2.23; 95% CI: 1.31–3.78) and living condition of students (AOR = 3.53; 95% CI: 1.55–8.07) were significantly associated with gender-based violence.Conclusion: The prevalence of sexual and gender-based-violence was high. This needs further intervention like awareness creation at school and community settings should be strengthened.

scholarly journals Relationship between Body Mass Index and Gender with Asthma

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Dewi Puji Ayuningrum ◽  
Risna Nur Fajariyah ◽  
Randy Novirsa ◽  
Erni Astutik
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender

Background: Asthma is ranked 16th among the leading causes of years lived with disability (YLD) and ranks 28th among the causes of global burden of disease (GBD). Various potential factors can cause asthma, which include body mass index (BMI) and gender. Purpose: This research aimed to determine the relationship between BMI and gender in people living with asthma in Indonesia. Methods: This research employed secondary data obtained from the Indonesian family life support (IFLS) 5th edition. This research used an observational analysis technique with a cross-sectional approach. The number of respondents in this research were 30,713. In this study, the BMI category was based on WHO’s classification for Asians. Data was analyzed using logistic regression tests and chi square. Statistical significance was set at a value of p<0.05. Results: As many as 17,175 respondents had a normal BMI range (56.92%), out of which the majority were women—16,001 respondents (52.10%). After controlling the other variables, statistical test results with logistic regression indicated that male respondents had 1.23 times the odds of experiencing asthma compared to females (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=1.23; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04–1.44; p=0.02). Again, after controlling the other variables, underweight respondents had 1.31 times the odds of experiencing asthma compared to respondents who had a normal BMI (AOR=1.31; 95%CI=1.07–1.59; p=0.01). Conclusion: A relationship between gender and the category of people who were underweight after determining their BMI could be established. Health counseling can be provided to help improve the respiratory conditions of these individuals.

scholarly journals How do College Students in India Respond to Gender-Based Violence (GBV)?

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-39
Author(s):  
Stephanie Asher ◽  
Nitasha Nagaraj ◽  
Amita Vyas
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bystander Intervention ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Gender Based

Rates of gender-based violence remain high during college in India, a time of adolescent malleability where gender norms, gender perspectives, and responses to violence are open to change. Few gender-based violence interventions focus on college students and even fewer on bystander intervention as a preventative approach - a concept novel to India. This cross-sectional study reached 603 college students in India to examine current gender norms and perspectives, bystander intervention behaviours, and discussion of gender-based violence on campuses. Statistically significant differences were found between male and female college students in all scenarios of bystander intervention response and frequency of discussion of gender-based violence. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed significant differences in those who had never seen violence or had a positive bystander intervention response, compared to those who responded negatively. Given the findings, targeting college students appears a promising approach to change the narrative of gender-based violence and norms in India.

Attitudes Towards Gender Norms and Gender-Based Violence Measures

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhumita Das ◽  
Sancheeta Ghosh ◽  
Ravi Verma ◽  
Brian O’Connor ◽  
Sara Fewer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Norms ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

Harming Women with Words: The Failure of Australian Law to Prohibit Gendered Hate Speech

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya D'Souza ◽  
Laura Griffin ◽  
Nicole Shackleton ◽  
Danielle Walt
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

In Australia, gendered hate speech against women is so pervasive and insidious that it is a normalised feature of everyday public discourse. It is often aimed at silencing women, and hindering their ability to participate effectively in civil society. As governmental bodies have recognised, sexist and misogynist language perpetuates gender-based violence by contributing to strict gender norms and constructing women as legitimate objects of hostility. Thus, gendered hate speech, like other forms of hate speech, produces a range of harms which ripple out beyond the targeted individual. The harmful nature of vilification is recognised by the various Australian laws which prohibit or address other forms of hate speech. But as we map out in this article, gendered hate speech is glaringly absent from most of this legislation. We argue that by failing to address gendered hate speech, Australian law permits the marginalisation of women and girls, and actively exacerbates their vulnerability to exclusion and gender-based harm.

COVID-19 feminist framework and biopsychosocial-spiritual perspective for social workers and mental health practitioners to manage violence, abuse, and trauma against children, women, BIPOC, and LGBTQIA+ during and post-COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 002087282110671
Author(s):  
Sonia Mukhtar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Mental Health Practitioners ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Spiritual Perspective ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

This article explains the integrated implementation of a COVID-19 Feminist Framework (CFF) and biopsychosocial-spiritual perspective (BPSS-P) on the inclusive equitability of social service providers, practitioners, and policy-developers on global platforms. Mechanisms of CFF and BPSS-P entail the process to address/mitigate institutional inequities, mental health issues, violation of human rights, race/sex/gender-based violence, abuse, and trauma amid COVID-19. This discourse is about raising consciousness, collective liberation, wellbeing, and equality for women, children, BIPOC, LGBTQIA+, and gender-diverse people. This article further discusses social workers and mental health practitioners’ uniqueness for short-term and long-term support for emotional, cognitive-behavioral, and psychosocial repercussions on the individual and community levels.

scholarly journals Evaluation of sexual and gender-based violence program in Harare City, Zimbabwe, 2016: a descriptive cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zvanaka Sithole ◽  
Notion Tafara Gombe ◽  
Tsitsi Juru ◽  
Prosper Chonzi ◽  
Gerald Shambira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Harare City
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